Effect of flow diverters on free convection heat transfer from a pair of vertical arrays of isothermal cylinders

Laminar free convection heat transfer from two vertical arrays of five isothermal cylinders separated by flow diverters is studied experimentally using a Mach-Zehnder interferometer. The width of flow diverters is kept constant to two-cylinder diameters and the cylinders vertical center-to-center spacing is equal to three-cylinder diameter. Effect of the ratio of the horizontal spacing between two cylinder arrays to their diameter (S_h/D) on heat transfer from the cylinders is investigated for various Rayleigh numbers. The experiments are performed for S_h/D = 2-4, and the Rayleigh number based on the cylinder diameter ranging from 10³ to 3 × 10³. It is observed that for small S_h/D ratios, the flow diverters have a negative effect on the total rate of heat transfer from the arrays; while by increasing the horizontal center to center spacing, they tend to enhance the overall cooling rate of the array. Moreover, increasing Ra and S_h/D generally results in a higher average Nusselt number for each cylinder in the array.     

Delayed effects of cooperative advertising in goodwill dynamics

This paper proposes a tool to control cooperative advertising which increases the goodwill of companies operating in a competitive market. We introduce the lag between advertising exposure and customer reaction in the goodwill dynamics evolved à la Nerlove–Arrow. As a result, we obtain a cooperative differential game with immediate and delayed effects of control variables for which we investigate the optimal solution. We examine the role the pre-coalition programmes and the length of delayed response in generating goodwill.     

Horizontal parallax distortion in toed-in camera with wide-angle lens for mobile device

An effect of the toed-in camera configuration is keystone distortion, which causes vertical and horizontal parallax in the stereoscopic image. The horizontal parallax is the source of the depth plane curvature. However, if the stereoscopic image captured by the toed-in camera system with fish-eye lens is displayed on mobile device, it is uncomfortable to view because the horizontal parallax contains horizontal parallax distortion occurred by the wide field of view of the lenses. Therefore, in this paper, we propose a novel correction method of the horizontal parallax distortion, which is one of the keystone distortions, in a toed-in camera with fish-eye lenses for mobile device. We have experimented to attest the proposed method. In experiment, we used two charge coupled device cameras, whose field of view is 48.48°. In addition, the captured stereoscopic image was corrected for the barrel distortion and the horizontal parallax distortion. Therefore, the proposed method provides correcting of the horizontal parallax distortion from a toed-in camera system in order that the users can enjoy three-dimensional effects without the visual fatigue. Additionally, the proposed method is able to apply to toed-in camera consisting of any kinds of cameras.     

小型米散射激光雷达的研制及其探测

介绍了一台自行研制的用于大气气溶胶光学特性和水平能见度测量的小型米散射激光雷达系统,并进行了一系列观测实验和分析.系统选用532nm波长激光作为光源,采用Fernald反演算法对接收到的大气回波信号进行反演得到气溶胶消光系数.通过对西安城区上空的气溶胶光学特性进行连续观测,测得了西安城区不同时刻消光系数的高度分布廓线、以及24小时内大气边界层高度的时空变化特性,并对大气水平能见度进行了连续观测,其结果与当地气象部门提供的水平能见度数据的变化趋势基本一致.观测结果表明,利用该米散射激光雷达可以对大气气溶胶光学特性和水平能见度进行有效测量.     

Diffusion tensor imaging in horizontal gaze palsywith progressive scoliosis

Horizontal gaze palsy with progressive scoliosis (HGPPS) is a rare disorder characterized by absence of conjugate horizontal eye movements, preservation of vertical gaze and convergence, progressive scoliosis developing in childhood and adolescence. It is caused by mutations in the ROBO3 gene which are critical for the crossing of long ascending medial lemniscal and descending corticospinal tracts in the medulla. Diffusion tensor imaging on a 14-year-old boy with HGPPS revealed ipsilateral ascending and descending connectivity in the brainstem without any crossing over of the major tracts although normal interhemispheric connections in the corpus callosum was demonstrable. Absent decussation of smaller sized superior cerebellar peduncles but with normal crossing over of the middle cerebellar peduncle was also observed. Tractography is a valuable investigative modality to assess neuronal connections in the brain and is a useful adjunct to the structural magnetic resonance imaging in confirming the diagnosis of HGPPS.     

雷电电磁脉冲对架空电力线的耦合效应

 从传输线模型出发,通过建立雷电回击通道、大地和电力线系统一体化模型,采用时域有限差分法计算得出雷电回击电流的近场分布,将场值代入离散的传输线方程后,计算了架空电力线终端的感应过电压。通过对多导体架空线和单导体线终端感应过电压的分析,发现由于其它导体的存在,多导体系统中单根导体两端的感应电压峰值比相同高度处单一导体两端的感应电压峰值低10%～20%;并且对于垂直导体结构,最小感应电压产生在距离地面最近的导体上;而对于水平导体结构,最小感应电压产生在中间导体上。