Generalized projective synchronization between two different general complex dynamical networks with delayed coupling

In this Letter, generalized projective synchronization (GPS) between two different complex dynamical networks with delayed coupling is investigated. Two complex networks are distinct if they have diverse node dynamics, or different number of nodes, or different topological structures. By using the adaptive control scheme, a sufficient synchronization criterion for this GPS is derived based on the LaSalle invariance principle. Three corollaries are also obtained. It is noticed that the synchronization speed sensitively depends on the adjustable positive constants μi. Furthermore, the coupling configuration matrix is not necessary to be symmetric or irreducible, and the inner coupling matrix need not be symmetric. In addition, the node dynamic need not satisfy the very strong and conservative uniformly Lipschitz condition. Numerical simulations further demonstrate the feasibility and effectiveness of the theoretical results.     

A Reduced-Load Equivalence for Generalised Processor Sharing Networks with Long-Tailed Input Flows

We consider networks where traffic is served according to the Generalised Processor Sharing (GPS) principle. GPS-based scheduling algorithms are considered important for providing differentiated quality of service in integrated-services networks. We are interested in the workload of a particular flow i at the bottleneck node on its path. Flow i is assumed to have long-tailed traffic characteristics. We distinguish between two traffic scenarios, (i) flow i generates instantaneous traffic bursts and (ii) flow i generates traffic according to an on/off process. In addition, we consider two configurations of feed-forward networks. First we focus on the situation where other flows join the path of flow i. Then we extend the model by adding flows which can branch off at any node, with cross traffic as a special case. We prove that under certain conditions the tail behaviour of the workload distribution of flow i is equivalent to that in a two-node tandem network where flow i is served in isolation at constant rates. These rates only depend on the traffic characteristics of the other flows through their average rates. This means that the results do not rely on any specific assumptions regarding the traffic processes of the other flows. In particular, flow i is not affected by excessive activity of flows with heavier-tailed traffic characteristics. This confirms that GPS has the potential to protect individual flows against extreme behaviour of other flows, while obtaining substantial multiplexing gains.     

Introducing relativity in global navigation satellite systems

Today, the Global Navigation Satellite Systems, used as global positioning systems, are the GPS and the GLONASS. They are based on a Newtonian model and hence they are only operative when several relativistic effects are taken into account. The most important relativistic effects (to order 1/c²) are: the Einstein gravitational blue shift effect of the satellite clock frequency (Equivalence Principle of General Relativity) and the Doppler red shift of second order, due to the motion of the satellite (Special Relativity). On the other hand, in a few years the Galileo system will be built, copying the GPS system unless an alternative project is designed. In this work, it will be also shown that the SYPOR project, using fully relativistic concepts, is an alternative to a mere copy of the GPS system. According to this project, the Galileo system would be exact and there would be no need for relativistic corrections.     

Thermal properties of isomalt: A diastereomer mixture

Isomalt, a commercial sugar alcohol widely used as a sweetener, is approximately a 1:1 mixture of two diastereomers, -D-glucopyranosyl-1-6-mannitol (GPM) and -D-glucopyranosyl-1-6-sorbitol (GPS). A calorimetric investigation has been carried out on mixtures of isomalt with GPS, in the (molar) composition range 0.45<x_GPS<1, for both crystalline and amorphous states.The GPS-rich portion of the solid-liquid GPM/GPS phase diagram was established and discussed in light of the existing literature. New evidence was given for the non-ideality of GPM/GPS mixtures, by indicating excess interactions in the melt and/or in the solid state. The commonly accepted hypothesis of a simple GPM/GPS eutectic forming isomalt was refuted in favour of more complicated mixture behaviour with possible formation of a complex.Glass transition and physical ageing of isomalt and GPS were re-visited, with peculiar attention given to the measurement conditions. Standard thermal histories were adapted to each sample and the fictive temperature was used for the characterisation of the structural glass states. A linear increase of the fictive temperature was found upon passing from pure GPS to x_GPS=0.45. GPS showed a slightly higher enthalpy relaxation rate than isomalt.This revised version was published online in November 2005 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

GPS在线求解载体姿态新法

介绍了求解两个GPS接收机之间基线向量的快速解算方法,并由此引出利用两个接收机来求解载体全姿态的新方法,通过仿真结果表明：此法可大大加速整周模糊度的解算速度,并且可以只利用两个接收机就能求解载体姿态。     

MINS/GPS组合导航系统车载试验误差特性分析

分析了MINS/GPS组合导航系统车载试验中卡尔曼滤波器各状态的滤波效果.介绍了捷联惯导的误差方程,并将陀螺零偏和加速度计零偏扩展为卡尔曼滤波器的状态,从而建立15维状态的组合导航滤波模型.采用PWCS可观测性理论分析了滤波器各状态的可观测性,并预测了这些状态在车载试验中的滤波效果.车载试验结果验证了理论分析结论.MINS/GPS组合导航系统车载试验中,位置误差和速度误差估计准确;姿态误差与加速度计零偏误差存在耦合,滤波中不能完全解耦;陀螺零偏误差不能有效收敛.     

GPS测姿中载波相位差分技术的研究与实现

从载体姿态测量精度的要求出发，介绍了GPS载波相位差分技术，在此基础上，以具体的测姿试验为例，重点研究与分析了载波相位双差解算的过程，给出了相应的数据处理结果，为今后进一步姿态解算方法奠定了基础。     

MIMU/GPS组合导航系统数据同步与融合方法研究

给出了以DSP为核心的MIMU/GPS组合导航系统中数据同步与融合的方法,简要介绍了仿真、调试过程中DSP程序的实现方法。采用GPS接收机输出的1PPS脉冲,结合CPLD产生的时序,实现MIMU和GPS数据的同步采集。由于系统噪声难于准确统计,因此采用模糊自适应卡尔曼滤波组合算法进行数据融合。     

GPS/SINS系统空中对准姿态角误差可观测性研究

提出一种新的判断系统可观测性和可观测度的方法,详细分析了机体各种运动对系统姿态角误差可观测性和可观测度的影响,并把该方法应用于组合导航系统的可观测性和可观测度的研究中。该方法利用了误差状态的最小二乘估计均方误差阵的特征值和特征向量,能判断系统的可观测度,避免进行卡尔曼滤波计算求协方差阵。仿真结果表明该方法简单、快速、有效。     

联合直接攻击弹药精确制导技术分析

从技术分析的角度对联合直接攻击弹药(JDAM)的武器制导系统进行了研究。安装JDAM制导控制装置的弹药武器,通过GPS/INS组合制导和尾翼调节,控制武器精确命中目标。在对JDAM系统组成和精度分析的基础上,详细讨论了JDAM系统的卡尔曼滤波器、捷联惯性导航技术、传递对准和GPS辅助惯性制导等技术。对设计中遇到主要的技术难点和相应的解决途径也进行了分析。