细菌视紫红质的光吸收特性

细菌视紫红质 ( BR)是存在于嗜盐菌紫膜中唯一的蛋白质 ,是一种高稳定性的光敏生物材料 [1～ 3] .当光照时 ,它吸收光子后会发生可逆光敏异构化 (见示意图 ) .在这一光循环反应中包含一系列的中间体 (表示为 J-、K-、L -、M-、N-和 O-态 ) ,在这些中间体的转变中完成质子的传输 . BR光敏异构化到 L态会导致去质子化 .异构化过程中 ,希夫碱基的质子传递到 ASP85残基 ,完成了质子的释放 ;随后异构化成 O态 ,又从 ASP96残基上获得质子生成最初的 BR,实现质子的获取 [4 ,5] ,又回到原始状态 .在光循环过程中 ,BR把质子从膜内运到膜外 .…     

微量元素测定中生物材料的处理

总结了利用微波消化法处理生物材料的工作经验,为微量元素测定中的生物材料处理提供了几咱快速、准确、方便的方法。     

血液相容生医材料的合成研究15——苯乙烯型磺酸铵内盐单体的合成及其聚合物的抗血小板粘附性能

两性离子不凝血生物材料;血液相容生医材料的合成研究15——苯乙烯型磺酸铵内盐单体的合成及其聚合物的抗血小板粘附性能     

Chemical assays of end-groups displayed on the surface of poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) films and membranes by radiolabeling

Poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) films and track-etched microporous membranes naturally display, on their surfaces, reactive chain-ends, i.e. carboxyl and hydroxyl functions. These were assayed by suitable activation (reaction with carbodiimide and tosyl chloride, respectively), followed by coupling with ³H-lysine and liquid scintillation counting of the sample-associated radioactivity. Values ranging between 5 and 30 pmol/cm² (open surface) of labeled end-groups were obtained, depending on the physico-chemical nature of the samples. Basic hydrolysis enriched the PET films with both types of endings (15–25 pmol/cm²). Reduction of films with the NaBH₄-catechol complex in tetrahydrofuran enriched their surfaces with hydroxyl groups. However, this procedure was not readily applicable to the surface modification of membranes; we observed an erosion effect that was confirmed by scanning electron microscope analyses. In contrast with the reduction process, the oxidation with KMnO₄ in 1.2N H₂SO₄ could be easily applied to the modification of either films or membranes; their surfaces were significantly enriched with carboxyl groups (15–50 pmol/cm²). This surface modification strategy has been used for the covalent coupling of adhesive proteins on PET membranes developed as supports for cell cultivation.     

Egg white as a natural and safe biomaterial for enhanced cancer therapy

The last few decades have witnessed the emergence of a very large variety of engineered nanomaterials. However, it is far from to meet the growing clinical demand. Actually, nature itself is an excellent nanotechnologist, and provides us with a range of wonderful materials, from inorganic particles found in non-life bodies to biofilms, like platelets, erythrocyte membranes, produced by many bacteria or cells. These nanomaterials are entirely natural, and not surprisingly, there is a growing interest in the development of natural nanoproducts. Native components-inspired biomaterials have gained considerable attention owing to their safety and functions. In this study, egg white was developed as drug carrier to load PTX by a green and simple one-pot method, and systematic characterization was completed. The results indicated that PTX@EW NPs possess excellent biocompatibility, enhanced tumor targeting capability, effectively reducing the toxic side effects of PTX. The obviously enhanced antitumor effect further confirmed EW was a highly prospective biomaterial in the nano-carrier industry.     

Antimicrobial peptide modification of biomaterials using supramolecular additives

Biomaterials based on non‐active polymers functionalized with antimicrobial agents by covalent modification or mixing are currently regarded as high potential solutions to prevent biomaterial associated infections that are major causes of biomedical device failure. Herewith a strategy is proposed in which antimicrobial materials are prepared by simply mixing‐and‐matching of ureido‐pyrimidinone (UPy) based supramolecular polymers with antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) modified with the same UPy‐moiety. The N‐terminus of the AMPs was coupled in solution to an UPy‐carboxylic acid synthon resulting in formation of a new amidic bond. The UPy‐functionalization of the AMPs did not affect their secondary structure, as proved by circular dichroism spectroscopy. The antimicrobial activity of the UPy‐AMPs in solution was also retained. In addition, the incorporation of UPy‐AMPs into an UPy‐polymer was stable and the final material was biocompatible. The addition of 4 mol % of UPy‐AMPs in the UPy‐polymer material protected against colonization by Escherichia coli, and methicillin‐sensitive and ‐resistant strains of Staphylococcus aureus. This modular approach enables a stable but dynamic incorporation of the antimicrobial agents, allowing at the same time for the possibility to change the nature of the polymer, as well as the use of AMPs with different activity spectra. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2018 , 56, 1926–1934     

Dual‐Functional Dextran‐PEG Hydrogel as an Antimicrobial Biomedical Material

Microbial infections continually present a major worldwide public healthcare threat, particularly in instances of impaired wound healing and biomedical implant fouling. The development of new materials with the desired antimicrobial property to avoid and treat wound infection is urgently needed in wound care management. This study reports a novel dual‐functional biodegradable dextran‐poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) hydrogel covalently conjugated with antibacterial Polymyxin B and Vancomycin (Vanco). The hydrogel is designed as a specialized wound dressing that eradicates existing bacteria and inhibits further bacteria growth, while, ameliorating the side effects of antibiotics and accelerating tissue repair and regeneration. The hydrogel exhibits potent antibacterial activities against both gram‐negative bacteria Escherichia coli (E. coli) and gram‐positive bacteria Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) with no observable toxicity to mouse fibroblast cell line NIH 3T3. These results demonstrate the immense potential of dextran‐PEG hydrogel as a wound dressing healthcare material in efficiently controlling bacteria growth in complex biological systems.     

基于六硼化镧与壳聚糖的光热转换生物材料

为实现光合细菌(PSB)产氢过程的光分频利用,用六硼化镧(LaB_6)和壳聚糖制备了光热转换发光发热生物材料,研究了不同LaB_6纳米颗粒的生物材料在可见光下的吸光特性和光热转换特性。研究发现:该生物材料能较好地透过510~650 nm波长的光为PSB产氢供给光能,而其他波段的光用于激发LaB_6粒子产热为PSB提供热能。LaB_6纳米颗粒的吸光度及光热转换能力受颗粒尺寸影响显著,当生物材料中LaB_6颗粒平均水力直径为295 nm时,12 min内的温升速率为0.41℃/min,是载玻片的5.4倍。     

三元添加剂水溶液体系中金属银粒子的形貌控制合成

Single-crystal silver hollow disks and nanorods were prepared by controlled synthesis in a mixed aqueous solution of ternary additives (poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG), methacrylic acid (MAA) and sodium dodecylsulfate (SDS)). The Products were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy(SEM). SEM studies suggest that the well-separated silver microdisks with diameter of 2～3 μm and thicknesses of about 200 nm were obtained. The corresponding selected area electron diffraction (SEAD) reveals the single-crystal nature of these hollow silver disks.     

插值矩阵法分析双材料平面V形切口奇异阶

对二维V形切口问题提出奇异阶分析的一个新方法.首先,以V形切口尖端附近位移场沿其径向渐近展开为基础,将其线弹性理论控制方程转换成切口尖端附近关于周向变量的常微分方程组特征值问题,然后将数值求解两点边值问题的插值矩阵法进一步拓展为求解一般常微分方程组特征值问题,插值矩阵法是在离散节点上采用微分方程中待求函数的最高阶导数作为基本未知量.由此,V形切口的应力奇性阶问题通过插值矩阵法获得,同时相应的切口附近位移场和应力场特征向量一并求出.