Intermolecular 129Xe–1H nuclear Overhauser effects and 129Xe longitudinal relaxation time measurements were used to demonstrate that the dipole–dipole coupling is the dominant relaxation mechanism for 129Xe in water, at room temperature. 129Xe–1H cross-relaxation rates were derived to be ςXeH 3.2 ± 0.3 × 10−3 s−1, independent of xenon pressure (in the range of 1–10 bar) and of the presence of oxygen. Corresponding xenon–proton internuclear distances were calculated to be 2.69 ± 0.12 Å. Using the magnitude of the dipole–dipole coupling and the spin density ratio between dissolved xenon and bulk water, it is estimated that 129Xe–1H spin polarization-induced nuclear Overhauser effects would yield little net proton signal enhancement in water. 相似文献
Noble molecule : [Mg(XeF2)(XeF4)](AsF6)2 is the first coordination compound in which XeF4 acts as a ligand to a metal center. It is also the first known compound, in which XeF2 and XeF4 are simultaneously coordinated to the same metal center (see structure; purple Xe, green F, gray Mg, yellow As).
Spin‐noise appeal : Detection of NMR spin‐noise is very appealing when dilute hyperpolarized species are considered. Continuous monitoring of the noise absorption at the Larmor frequency enables determination of T1 and T2*, independently of the static magnetic field. An inductively coupled microcoil located inside the NMR tube (see picture) allows acquisition of 129Xe spin‐noise spectra without radio‐frequency excitation.
The dependence of the 129Xe NMR chemical shift value of XeF2 on temperature and concentration was determined in a variety of prototypic media: in acidic (anhydrous HF, aHF), nonprotic but polar (dichloromethane), and basic (CD3CN-EtCN, 1:3 v/v) solvents. The 129Xe NMR spectra of a representative series of organoxenon(II) salts [RXe][Y] (R = C6F5, heptafluoro-1,4-cyclohexadien-1-yl (cyclo-1,4-C6F7), pentafluoro-1,4-cyclohexadien-3-on-1-yl (cyclo-3-O-1,4-C6F5), CF2=C(CF3), (CF3)2CFC[triple bond]C, C4H9C[triple bond]C; Y = BF4, AsF6) in aHF showed, compared with XeF2-aHF, a quantitatively less distinct but qualitatively related dependence of delta(129Xe) vs temperature. The dependence of their delta(129Xe) values on concentration in aHF is negligible. An explanation for the different behavior of [RXe][Y] and XeF2 is offered. 相似文献
The masses of the xenon isotopes with 114≤A≤123 were directly measured for the first time. The experiments were carried out at the ISOLTRAP triple trap spectrometer
at the on-line mass separator ISOLDE/CERN. A mass resolving power of the Penning trap spectrometer of m/Δm≈500 000 was chosen and an accuracy of δm≈12keV for all investigated Xe isotopes was achieved. An atomic mass evaluation was performed and the results of this adjustment
are compared with theoretical predictions. The new results for the xenon isotopes and their effects on neighboring nuclides
are discussed within the two-neutron separation energy picture.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
We have investigated the transfer of polarization from 129Xe to solute protons in aqueous solutions to determine the feasibility of using hyperpolarized xenon to enhance 1H sensitivity in aqueous systems at or near room temperatures. Several solutes, each of different molecular weight, were dissolved in deuterium oxide and although large xenon polarizations were created, no significant proton signal enhancement was detected in
-tyrosine, α-cyclodextrin, β-cyclodextrin, apomyoglobin, or myoglobin. Solute-induced enhancement of the 129Xe spin–lattice relaxation rate was observed and depended on the size and structure of the solute molecule. The significant increase of the apparent spin–lattice relaxation rate of the solution phase 129Xe by α-cyclodextrin and apomyoglobin indicates efficient cross relaxation. The slow relaxation of xenon in β-cyclodextrin and
-tyrosine indicates weak coupling and inefficient cross relaxation. Despite the apparent cross-relaxation effects, all attempts to detect the proton enhancement directly were unsuccessful. Spin–lattice relaxation rates were also measured for Boltzmann 129Xe in myoglobin. The cross-relaxation rates were determined from changes in 129Xe relaxation rates in the α-cyclodextrin and myoglobin solutions. These cross-relaxation rates were then used to model 1H signal gains for a range of 129Xe to 1H spin population ratios. These models suggest that in spite of very large 129Xe polarizations, the 1H gains will be less than 10% and often substantially smaller. In particular, dramatic 1H signal enhancements in lung tissue signals are unlikely. 相似文献
The behaviour of gases produced by fission is of great importance for nuclear fuel operation. Within this context, an experimental
method for the characterisation of the fission gas including gas bubbles in an irradiated UO2 nuclear fuel was developed in our laboratory using SIMS, EPMA and SEM results. SIMS and EPMA have been used to measure the
radial distribution of xenon and SEM gives information on bubble formation across the fuel pellet radius. Using SIMS, xenon
concentration can be determined in the matrix and in the bubbles. A quantification method, allowing the determination of the
total inventory of xenon, is proposed and qualified with EPMA results. It is concluded that the complementary micro-analytical
techniques SIMS, EPMA and SEM are very powerful tools for the characterisation of the fission gas bubbles in irradiated nuclear
fuel. 相似文献
Two methods for synthesizing bis(difluoronitroacetoxy)iodoarenes, new compounds of tervalent iodine, have been proposed.Translated fromIzvestiya Akademii Nauk. Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 9, pp. 1629–1630, September, 1994.This work was carried out with the financial support of the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (Project No. 93-03-4566). 相似文献