Kinetics and mechanism of oxidation of allyl alcohol byN-bromosuccinimide

The kinetics of oxidation of allyl alcohol byN-bromosuccinimide (NBS) has been studied at 35 °C in aqueous medium. The reaction shows first order dependence on bothNBS and allyl alcohol. In fairly high acid concentration, there is no change in the rate of the reaction but at low acid concentration, the rate is considerably enhanced. There is no primary salt effect. At varying mercuric acetate concentrations, the rate constant remains the same. But in the absence of mercuric acetate, the rate is enhanced. The kinetic parameters,E _a,Arrhenius factorA, H, G and S have been calculated. A rate law in agreement with experimental results has been derived. A mechanism is proposed.

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Kinetik und Mechanismus der Oxidation von Allylalkohol mixN-Bromsuccinimid

Zusammenfassung Die Kinetik der Oxidation von Allylalkohol mitN-Bromsuccinimid (NBS) wurde bei 35 °C in wäßrigem Medium untersucht. Die Reaktion zeigt erste Ordnung gegenüberNBS und Allylalkohol. Bei relativ hoher Säurekonzentration zeigt sich keine Änderung der Reaktionsgeschwindigkeit, bei niedriger Säurekonzentration wird die Reaktionsgeschwindigkeit beträchtlich erhöht. Es wurde kein primärer Salzeffekt festgestellt. Bei varriierender Quecksilberacetatkonzentration bleibt die Reaktionsgeschwindigkeit gleich, bei Abwesenheit von Quecksilberacetat wird jedoch die Geschwindigkeitskonstante erhöht. Die kinetischen Parameter,E _a, derArrheniusfaktorA, H , G und S wurden bestimmt. Ein Geschwindigkeitsgesetz in Übereinstimmung mit den experimentellen Befunden wurde abgeleitet und ein Mechanismus vorgeschlagen.

     

聚苯胺／聚乙烯醇导电复合膜的制备及性质研究

用较简单的化学氧化现场吸附聚合法（ｉｎ－ｓｉｔｕｐｏｌｙｍｅｒｉｚａｔｉｏｎ）制得了聚苯胺（ＰＡｎ）／聚乙烯醇（ＰＶＡ）导电复合膜．该膜具有较好的导电性和机械性能；其电导率可达５．８ｓ／ｃｍ，拉伸强度达１３ＭＰａ，断裂伸长率为１１０％左右．本文讨论了制备的各种条件对复合膜导电性能及力学性能的影响、稳定性及电化学活性；并采用循环伏安曲线、扫描电镜（ＳＥＭ）、ＦＴＩＲ谱及元素分析对该复合膜的结构和性能进行了表征．     

Das chlorsilylsubstituierte Silanimin Bu2SiNSiClBu2

In the thermolysis of the silaterazolines silatetrazoline ^tBu₂SiNSiCl^tBu₂ · ^tBu₃SiN₃ the silanimine ^tBu₂SiNSiCl^tBu₂ and the silyl azide ^tBu₃SiN₃ are formed quantitatively. The silanimine ^tBu₂SiNSiCl^tBu₂ has been trapped with Et₃NHF, Me₃NHCl, water, 1-butene, 2,3-dimethyl-1,3-butadiene, isobutene, methylvinyl ether, and ^tBu₂SiClN₃. The structure of the disiloxane (^tBu₂SiCl-NH-Si^tBu₂)₂O and of the bis(di-tert-butylchlorsilyl)-substituted silatetrazoline ^tBu₂SiNSiCl^tBu₂ · ^tBu₂SiClN₃ has been determined by X-ray structure analysis.     

微波诱导低级醇的等离子体化学反应

微波诱导低级醇的等离子体化学反应王真，洪品杰，张承聪，戴树珊（云南大学化学系，昆明，６５００９１）关键词微波，等离子体化学，低级醇等离子体能产生大量的活性自由基、亚稳态粒子和激发态离子，它所包含的能量传递过程和反应过程不仅与反应碰撞理论有关，而且还涉...     

Facile and practical enantioselective synthesis of propargylic alcohols by direct addition of alkynes to aldehydes catalyzed by chiral disulfide–oxazolidine ligands

The enantioselective alkynylation reaction of aldehydes with alkynes and diethylzinc, catalyzed by chiral disulfide–oxazolidine ligands, provides a simple, practical and inexpensive method to access chiral propargylic alcohols in good yields and satisfactory ee's.     

用金胺O作荧光探针研究PVA-H_2O-DMSO体系的凝胶过程

<正> 它在可见光区发荧光,其荧光量子效率随环境的粘度不同有较明显的变化。这是由于其分子中的芳香基团与中心碳是单键连接,易于转动。当环境的粘度增加时,这种转动受到阻碍,因而分子吸收激发光能后,损失于这种转动的热能相对减少,荧光量子效率则相对     

可变色形状记忆材料

以聚乙烯醇和单宁酸为原料制备出了形状记忆水凝胶,以乙二胺四乙酸、二水合氯化铜、六水合氯化镁、氧化铝为原料制备出了无机热致变色材料,以结晶紫内酯、硼酸、十六醇为原料制备出了有机热致变色材料,并将形状记忆材料与热致变色材料结合,成功制备出了两种既能记忆形状又能变色的新型复合高分子材料。本实验原料简单易得,方法简便,并与本科阶段有机化学、无机化学、仪器分析、精细化学品化学等课程中所学习的自由基聚合反应、化学交联、络合反应等知识结合,可作为本科教学的一个综合实验,提高学生的动手能力,激发学生学习化学的兴趣和热情。     

Solid Phase Catalytic Oxidation of Alcohols by Polymer Supported Rare Earth Catalysts

Oxidation of alcohols to the corresponding aldehydes or ketones is one of the most fundamental reactions in organic chemistry [1,2]. Some of the products of the oxidation exhibit an important role in the organic synthesis as well as pharmaceutical synthesis. In most reactions, the lanthanide complexes show satisfied catalytic activities for some compounds. Furthermore, there has been increasing interest in the lanthanide complexes and several reports have appeared in the literature [3, 4]. But the exploitation of these complexes for the oxidation of some organic substrates has been limited. Here we reported a method for the preparation and the catalytic properties as well as the recycling of lanthanide complexes in oxidation of alcohols.The synthetic procedure for the polymer supported lanthanide complexes is shown as following(scheme 1):●-NH2+CICH2COOH(C2Hs)3N→●-NHCH2COOHM=Ce(Ⅲ), Tb(Ⅲ), Sm(Ⅲ)scheme 1The oxidation of benzyl alcohol was carried out in the presence of iodosylbenzene by the polymer supported Ce(Ⅲ), Tb(Ⅲ) and Sm(Ⅲ) catalysts at 80℃ for 4.0h, the yields of benz-aldehyde are as following (table 1):Table 1 Oxidation of benzyl alcohol with the supported catalysts**Reaction condition: benzyl alcohol 0.1 mmol, iodosylbenzene 0.15mmol,catalyst 0.2mg, 80℃ for 4.0h in 1,2-dichloroethane.It can be seen from the table that the Tb(Ⅲ) complex shows higher catalytic activity for the oxidation of benzyl alcohol. Further investigation is now being carded on to optimize the results.     

Effect of Cationic Surfactant on the Inhibition of Ligninase by Hydrogen Peroxide

The inhibition of lingninase by hydrogen peroxide in the presence of cationic surfactant CTAB was studied by kinetic speetrophotometdc technique. Results showed that addition of CTAB enhanced the inhibition by H202, but it did not alter the inhibition pattern and the inhibition constant changed little with theco-ncentration of CTAB. Modification of the enzymic protein by the surfactant monomer may be responsible for the above mentioned results.