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121.
Devaux A Minkowski C Calzaferri G 《Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2004,10(10):2391-2408
Fluorenone (C13H8O) was inserted into the channels of zeolite L by using gas-phase adsorption. The size, structure, and stability of fluorenone are well suited for studying host-guest interactions. The Fourier transform IR, Raman, luminescence, and excitation spectra, in addition to thermal analysis data, of fluorenone in solution and fluorenone/zeolite L are reported. Normal coordinate analysis of fluorenone was performed, based on which IR and Raman bands were assigned, and an experimental force field was determined. The vibrational spectra can be used for nondestructive quantitative analysis by comparing a characteristic dye band with a zeolite band that has been chosen as the internal standard. Molecular orbital calculations were performed to gain a better understanding of the electronic structure of the system and to support the interpretation of the electronic absorption and luminescence spectra. Fluorenone shows unusual luminescence behavior in that it emits from two states. The relative intensity of these two bands depends strongly on the environment and changes unexpectedly in response to temperature. In fluorenone/zeolite L, the intensity of the 300 nm band (lifetime 9 micros) increases with decreasing temperature, while the opposite is true for the 400 nm band (lifetime 115 micros). A model of the host-guest interaction is derived from the experimental results and calculations: the dye molecule sits close to the channel walls with the carbonyl group pointing to an Al3+ site of the zeolite framework. A secondary interaction was observed between the fluorenone's aromatic ring and the zeolite's charge-compensating cations. 相似文献
122.
Using the classification of finite simple groups, we prove that if H is an insoluble normal subgroup of a finite group G, then H contains a maximal soluble subgroup S such that G=HNG(S). Thereby Problem 14.62 in the Kourovka Notebook is given a positive solution. As a consequence, it is proved that in every finite group, there exists a subgroup that is simultaneously a
-projector and a
-injector in the class,
, of all soluble groups. 相似文献
123.
Let X be a Banach space with a weak uniform normal structure and C a non–empty convexweakly compact subset of X. Under some suitable restriction, we prove that every asymptoticallyregular semigroup T = {T(t) : t ∈¸ S} of selfmappings on C satisfying
has a common fixed point, where WCS(X) is the weakly convergent sequence coefficient of X, and\({\left| {{\left\| {T(t)} \right\|}} \right|}\) is the exact Lipschitz constant of T(t). 相似文献
${\mathop {\lim \inf }\limits_{S \mathrel\backepsilon t \to \infty } }{\left| {{\left\| {T(t)} \right\|}} \right|} < {\text{WCS}}(X)$
124.
A theorem proved by R. Høegh-Krohn in Comm. Math. Phys. 38(1974), 195–224, which yields a possibility to define states of systems of quantum particles by their values on the products
, where \mathfraka
t
, t
are time automorphisms and F
j
are multiplication operators, is generalized and extended. In particular, it is shown that the algebras generated by such products with F
j
taken from the families of multiplication operators satisfying certain conditions are dense in the algebras of observables in the -weak topology, in which normal states are continuous. This result was obtained for the systems with two types of kinetic energy: the usual one expressed by means of the Laplacian; the relativistic kinetic energy defined by a pseudo-differential operator. 相似文献
125.
V. V. Bludov 《Algebra and Logic》2003,42(5):304-317
We prove a theorem saying that in finitely generated linearly ordered metabelian groups there exists a finite system of normal convex subgroups satisfying orderability conditions for groups, and an embedding theorem for linearly ordered metabelian groups whose initial linear orders extend to -divisible linearly ordered metabelian ones. As a consequence, it is stated that orderable metabelian groups are embedded, with extension of all their linear orders, in -divisible orderable metabelian groups. 相似文献
126.
Jiazhong Yang 《Proceedings of the American Mathematical Society》2003,131(9):2715-2720
We prove that on , except for those germs of vector fields whose linear parts are conjugated to , any two Poincaré type vector fields are at least conjugated to each other provided their linear approximations have the same eigenvalues and the nonlinear parts are generic.
127.
The Boson Normal Ordering Problem and Generalized Bell Numbers 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
For any function F(x) having a Taylor expansion we solve the boson
normal ordering problem for $F [(a^\dag)^r a^s]$, with r, s positive integers,
$F [(a, a^\dag]=1$, i.e., we provide exact and explicit
expressions for its normal form $\mathcal{N} \{F [(a^\dag)^r a^s]\} = F [(a^\dag)^r a^s]$, where
in $ \mathcal{N} (F) $ all a's are to the
right. The solution involves integer sequences of numbers which, for $ r, s \geq 1 $, are
generalizations of the conventional Bell and Stirling numbers whose values they assume for $ r=s=1 $. A complete
theory of such generalized combinatorial numbers is given including closed-form expressions
(extended Dobinski-type formulas), recursion relations and generating functions. These last are
special expectation values in boson coherent states.AMS Subject Classification: 81R05, 81R15, 81R30, 47N50. 相似文献
128.
Zhihua Ren 《Journal of Mathematical Analysis and Applications》2003,284(1):118-126
In this paper we study smooth classification of hyperbolic vector fields based on their linear approximations only and obtain the following. On Rn, n?5, with only two kinds of exceptions, any two hyperbolic vector fields with generic nonlinear parts and where Ai are n×n matrices, are C1 conjugate to each other if and only if A1 and A2 are strictly similar, and they are C1 orbitally equivalent if and only if A1 and A2 are similar. 相似文献
129.
We investigate the minimal number of generators and the depth of divisorial ideals over normal semigroup rings. Such ideals are defined by the inhomogeneous systems of linear inequalities associated with the support hyperplanes of the semigroup. The main result is that for every bound C there exist, up to isomorphism, only finitely many divisorial ideals I such that (I)C. It follows that there exist only finitely many Cohen–Macaulay divisor classes. Moreover, we determine the minimal depth of all divisorial ideals and the behaviour of and depth in arithmetic progressions in the divisor class group.The results are generalized to more general systems of linear inequalities whose homogeneous versions define the semigroup in a not necessarily irredundant way. The ideals arising this way can also be considered as defined by the nonnegative solutions of an inhomogeneous system of linear diophantine equations.We also give a more ring-theoretic approach to the theorem on minimal number of generators of divisorial ideals: it turns out to be a special instance of a theorem on the growth of multigraded Hilbert functions. 相似文献
130.
We explicitly calculate the normal cones of all monomial primes which define the curves of the form , where . All of these normal cones are reduced and Cohen-Macaulay, and their reduction numbers are independent of the reduction. These monomial primes are new examples of integrally closed ideals for which the product with the maximal homogeneous ideal is also integrally closed.
Substantial use was made of the computer algebra packages Maple and Macaulay2.