淮安市食管鳞癌患者血清~1 H NMR波谱初步研究

测试了30例正常人血清和60例淮安市食管鳞癌患者血清的氢核磁共振波谱.观察到正常人血清的共振峰主要集中在化学位移δH(ppm)1.00 ～5.00,构建了正常人血清的~1H NMR指纹图谱.同时将食管鳞癌患者血清1H NMR与正常人血清~1H NMR进行比较,发现食管鳞癌患者与正常人血清样品在δ_H 1.0 ～1.2 和δ_H 3.0 ～3.8(如δH 3.25、3.23、3.36、3.41、3.43)存在一定的差异波峰,即食管鳞癌的可能特征峰.表明借助于1H NMR特征峰有助于食管鳞癌的早期诊断.     

A free boundary problem arising from DCIS mathematical model

Ductal carcinoma in situ – a special cancer – is confined within the breast ductal only. We derive the mathematical ductal carcinoma in situ model in a form of a nonlinear parabolic equation with initial, boundary, and free boundary conditions. Existence, uniqueness, and stability of problem are proved. Algorithm and illustrative examples are included to demonstrate the validity and applicability of the technique in this paper. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

The Effect of Hispidulin,a Flavonoid from Salvia plebeia,on Human Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma CNE-2Z Cell Proliferation,Migration, Invasion,and Apoptosis

Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is a common malignant head and neck tumor. Drug resistance and distant metastasis are the predominant cause of treatment failure in NPC patients. Hispidulin is a flavonoid extracted from the bioassay-guided separation of the EtOH extract of Salvia plebeia with strong anti-proliferative activity in nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells (CNE-2Z). In this study, the effects of hispidulin on proliferation, invasion, migration, and apoptosis were investigated in CNE-2Z cells. The [3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide] (MTT) assay and the colony formation assay revealed that hispidulin could inhibit CNE-2Z cell proliferation. Hispidulin (25, 50, 100 μM) also induced apoptosis in a dose-dependent manner in CNE-2Z cells. The expression of Akt was reduced, and the expression of the ratio of Bax/Bcl-2 was increased. In addition, scratch wound and transwell assays proved that hispidulin (6.25, 12.5, 25 μM) could inhibited the migration and invasion in CNE-2Z cells. The expressions of HIF-1α, MMP-9, and MMP-2 were decreased, while the MMPs inhibitor TIMP1 was enhanced by hispidulin. Moreover, hispidulin exhibited potent suppression tumor growth and low toxicity in CNE-2Z cancer-bearing mice at a dosage of 20 mg/kg/day. Thus, hispidulin appears to be a potentially effective agent for NPC treatment.     

后腹腔镜下肾部分切除术后发生尿瘘的危险因素分析

目的 分析和探讨后腹腔镜下肾部分切除术后发生尿瘘的危险因素。方法统计和分析2004-10-2013-06 行腹 腔镜下经后腹膜路径肾部分切除术后发生尿瘘的128 例肾肿瘤患者的临床资料,尿瘘严格定义为手术2d 后仍从后腹膜引流管持续引流出尿液。结果术后有14 例（10.9%）患者发生尿瘘。发生尿瘘的患者中10 例（71.4%）未行CTA 检查,术中平均出血量（232.3±86.7）ml,平均肾动脉阻断时间（28.2±7.5）min,平均住院时间（13.1±2.1）d,9 例（64.3%）术中发现集合系统破损。单因素分析提示年龄（P =0.1102）、糖尿病（P =0.0445）、肿瘤内生型生长（P =0.0835）、术前是否行CTA 检查（P=0.0137）、集合系统损伤（P=0.0935）、肾动脉阻断时间（P =0.1225）及术中出血量（P=0.0045）是发生尿瘘的危险因素;多因素分析提示糖尿病（P =0.0381）、术前是否行CTA 检查（P =0.0433）及术中出血量（P =0.0155）是术后发生尿瘘的独立危险因素。结论糖尿病、术中出血 量及术前是否行肾脏CTA 检查是后腹腔镜下肾部分切除术后发生尿瘘的独立危险因素。减少术中出血有利于术者获得清晰的操作视野,有效缝合破损的集合系统,从而防止尿瘘的发生。     

Treatment activity of a mixed-ligand coordination polymer on gastric carcinoma

Reaction of 4,4′,4″-nitrilotribenzoic acid (H₃L), a C₃-symmetric ligand, with the divalent Co(II) salt Co(NO₃)₂·6H₂O in the present of the N-donor ligand 1,2-di(4-pyridyl)ethylene (DPE) affords a new mixed-ligand coordination polymer with the chemical formula of [Co₃(TNB)(DPE)₂]·2H₂O·DMF (1). In this study, CCK-8 assay was used to determine the effect of novel compound on proliferation of gastric cancer cells. The VEGF signaling pathway in gastric cancer cells was determined through employing real-time PCR after treatment of the above complex. Further, molecular docking simulation confirmed that the biological activity was coming from the carboxyl groups through the hydrogen bonding interactions with the receptor protein, the pyridine group only bonded with the Co ion for the formation of the Co complex.     

Volatile organic compounds in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma—An in vitro pilot study

Owing to the lack of specific symptoms, diagnosis of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) may be delayed. We evaluated volatile organic compounds in tumor samples from patients suffering from HNSCC and tested the hypothesis that there is a characteristic altered composition in the headspace of HNSCC compared with control samples from the same patient with normal squamous epithelium. These results provide the basis for future noninvasive breath analysis in HNSCC. Headspace air of suspected tumor and contralateral control samples in 20 patients were analyzed using ion-mobility spectrometry. Squamous cell carcinoma was diagnosed in 16 patients. In total, we observed 93 different signals in headspace measurements. Squamous cell carcinomas revealed significantly higher levels of volatile cyclohexanol (0.54 ppb_v, 25th to 75th percentiles 0.35–0.86) compared with healthy squamous epithelium (0.24 ppb_v, 25th to 75th percentiles 0.12–0.3; p < 0.001). In conclusion, head and neck squamous cell carcinoma emitted significantly higher levels of volatile cyclohexanol in headspace compared with normal squamous epithelium. These findings form the basis for future breath analysis for diagnosis, therapy control and the follow-up of HNSSC to improve therapy and aftercare.     

A Micellar Mitotane Formulation with High Drug‐Loading and Solubility: Physico‐Chemical Characterization and Cytotoxicity Studies in 2D and 3D In Vitro Tumor Models

Adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) is a rare tumor and prognosis is overall poor but heterogeneous. Mitotane (MT) has been used for treatment of ACC for decades, either alone or in combination with cytotoxic chemotherapy. Even at doses up to 6 g per day, more than half of the patients do not achieve targeted plasma concentration (14–20 mg L^?1) even after many months of treatment due to low water solubility, bioavailability, and unfavorable pharmacokinetic profile. Here a novel MT nanoformulation with very high MT concentrations in physiological aqueous media is reported. The MT‐loaded nanoformulations are characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, and powder X‐ray diffraction which confirms the amorphous nature of the drug. The polymer itself does not show any cytotoxicity in adrenal and liver cell lines. By using the ACC model cell line NCI‐H295 both in monolayers and tumor cell spheroids, micellar MT is demonstrated to exhibit comparable efficacy to its ethanol solution. It is postulated that this formulation will be suitable for i.v. application and rapid attainment of therapeutic plasma concentrations. In conclusion, the micellar formulation is considered a promising tool to alleviate major drawbacks of current MT treatment while retaining bioactivity toward ACC in vitro.     

Screen anticancer drug in vitro using resonance light scattering technique

An in vitro screening model using resonance light scattering (RLS) technique with 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) reagent as the reactive probe to target cancer cell was firstly developed. In this model, MTT was reduced by viable cancer cells to produce a purple formazan. Cell viability was proportional to the number of formazan induced strong light scattering signal. The inhibition rate of anticancer drug was found to vary inversely with the H₂₂-MTT system RLS intensity. So it was intuitive to see the sequence of the tumor suppressive activity of six anticancer drugs without data processing by RLS/MTT screening spectra. Compared with the traditional MTT method, this method has high sensitivity, low detection limit and quite intuitive screening results which were identical to those obtained from the MTT colorimetric assay.     

HBx介导的促肝癌作用

乙型肝炎病毒（Hepatitis B virus,HBV）感染是诱发原发性肝癌的主要原因之一.HBV存在4个相互重叠的开放读码框：S,C,P和X区.其中X基因表达的蛋白HBx被认为是诱导肝癌发生的一种多功能致癌蛋白,它可以作用于众多信号通路及细胞因子从而诱发肝癌.本文根据最新的研究,选择其中p53和NF-κB两条信号通路及HBx与表观遗传修饰的相关性进行了探讨,目的在于部分揭示HBV感染诱发肝癌的发病机理.