Ultra <Emphasis Type="Italic">LI</Emphasis>-ideals in lattice implication algebras and <Emphasis Type="Italic">MTL</Emphasis>-algebras

A mistake concerning the ultra LI-ideal of a lattice implication algebra is pointed out, and some new sufficient and necessary conditions for an LI-ideal to be an ultra LI-ideal are given. Moreover, the notion of an LI-ideal is extended to MTL-algebras, the notions of a (prime, ultra, obstinate, Boolean) LI-ideal and an ILI-ideal of an MTL-algebra are introduced, some important examples are given, and the following notions are proved to be equivalent in MTL-algebra: (1) prime proper LI-ideal and Boolean LI-ideal, (2) prime proper LI-ideal and ILI-ideal, (3) proper obstinate LI-ideal, (4) ultra LI-ideal. This work was supported by the Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. Y605389) and K. C. Wong Magna Fund in Ningbo University.     

Optimal reconstruction of the solution of the wave equation from inaccurate initial data

In the present paper, we consider the problem of the optimal reconstruction of the solution of the wave equation from the approximate values of the Fourier coefficients of the function specifying the initial form of the string. For an operator defined on the weight space of vectors from l ₂, we present the solution of the more general problem of reconstruction from the approximate values of the coordinates of these vectors.     

Confirmation of sable QTL that modifies the effects of the Ay allele on yellow coat color on mouse chromosome 1

F₁-A^y mice between RR (aabbCC) and C57BL/6J-A^y (A^yaBBCC) have a much darker yellow coat color than do C57BL/6J-A^y. Quantitative trait locus (QTL) analysis was carried out to identify genes responsible for the darker modification of the yellow coat color (this has been traditionally termed “sable”). A significant sable QTL was identified on chromosome 1 (Dmyaq4, LOD score 15.5 for lightness, and 13.4 for color difference), in a chromosomal position similar to that of Dmyaq2, a sable QTL previously identified in C3H/HeJ. Another significant sable QTL was identified on chromosome 4 (Dmyaq5, LOD score 5.6 for lightness, and 4.3 for color difference) near the tyrosinase-related protein 1 (Tyrp1) locus. The effect of Dmyaq5 was significant only in the presence of the RR allele at Dmyaq4, suggesting that the Dmyaq4 (as well as Dmyaq2) is a novel coat color gene that may act up-stream of Tyrp1 signaling to increase eumelanin production.     

Expedient synthesis of villosin and its isomer (E)-labda-8(17),12,14-trien-15(16)-olide

The synthesis of the title compounds has been achieved in concise, highly regiocontrolled fashion from commercially available (+)-sclareolide. In addition, we offer evidence that the structure of a newly reported natural product from Zingiber ottensii is incorrect.     

Electronic structure and vibrational spectra of cis-diammine(orotato)platinum(II), a potential cisplatin analogue: DFT and experimental study

Orotic acid (vitamin B₁₃) is a key intermediate in biosynthesis of the pyrimidine nucleotides in living organisms, moreover, it may serve as the biological carrier for some metal ions. cis-Diammine(orotato)platinum(II), cis-[Pt(C₅H₂N₂O₄)(NH₃)₂] can be considered as a new potential cisplatin analogue. The FT-Raman and FT-IR spectra of the title complex are reported, for the first time. The molecular structure, vibrational frequencies, and the theoretical infrared and Raman intensities have been calculated by the density functional mPW1PW91 method. The detailed vibrational assignment has been made on the basis of the calculated potential energy distribution. The theoretically predicted IR and Raman spectra show very good agreement with experiment. Natural bond orbital (NBO) analyses were performed for cisplatin, carboplatin and the title complex. The results provided new data on the nature of platinum–ligand bonding in these compounds. Strong intramolecular hydrogen bond between the orotate ligand and the coordinated ammonia group stabilizes the structure of the platinum(II) complex. Thus, it is suggested that the orotate ligand in the title complex is more inert to the substitution reactions than the chloride ligands in cisplatin.     

Comment on breakup densities of hot nuclei

In [V.E. Viola et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 93 (2004) 132701, D.S. Bracken et al., Phys. Rev. C 69 (2004) 034612] the observed decrease in spectral peak energies of IMFs emitted from hot nuclei was interpreted in terms of a breakup density that decreased with increasing excitation energy. Subsequently, Raduta et al. [Ad. Raduta et al., Phys. Lett. B 623 (2005) 43] performed MMM simulations that showed decreasing spectral peaks could be obtained at constant density. In this Letter we point out that this apparent inconsistency is due to a selective comparison of theory and data that overlooks the evolution of the fragment multiplicities as a function of excitation energy.     

Some explicit examples of Hamiltonian minimal Lagrangian submanifolds in complex space forms

In this paper, we find some new explicit examples of Hamiltonian minimal Lagrangian submanifolds among the Lagrangian isometric immersions of a real space form in a complex space form.     

General Aspects and Optimization of Enantioselective Biocatalysis in Organic Solvents: The Use of Lipases [New Synthetic Methods (76)]

Enantioselective biocatalysis in nonaqueous media is becoming increasingly important in preparative synthetic chemistry. This article discusses (1) the general catalytic properties of enzymes in nonaqueous environments, (2) the basic principles that govern lipase-catalyzed enantioselective esterification and transesterification reactions in organic media for the preparation of optically active acids and alcohols, (3) the determination of kinetic and thermodynamic parameters, and (4) the quantitative analysis of published data.     

纳米累托石-TiO2光催化剂的制备及表征

以TiCl4和累托石为主要原料，制备出纳米累托石-TiO2粉末，并用X-衍射、透射电镜等对其进行表征．结果表明：纳米累托石-TiO2粉末平均直径为17．5nm当焙烧温度从500℃升至800℃时，累托石-TiO2粉末的比表面积从65．7m^2／g下降至3．3m^2／g，单位质量吸附剂的孔体积从0．1430cm。／u降到0．0213cm^3／g；当焙烧温度从300℃上升至500℃时，孔径变化不大，属中孔范围；当焙烧温度升至800℃时，一些孔道出现坍塌，不利于纳米累托石-TiO2粉末的光催化活性．