多壁碳纳米管固相萃取净化气相色谱法分析蔬菜中有机氯和拟除虫菊酯农药残留

建立了多壁碳纳米管为吸附剂的固相萃取(SPE)净化、气相色谱-电子捕获检测(GC-ECD)测定蔬菜中6种有机氯和7种拟除虫菊酯农药的方法。采用双柱(HP-50和HP-1色谱柱)双检测器进行定性和定量分析。蔬菜样品采用乙腈提取,多壁碳纳米管SPE柱净化,正己烷溶解上样,丙酮-正己烷(7:3, v/v)洗脱,13种农药中有11种农药的添加回收率高于70%。将该净化方法用于荷兰黄瓜、卷心菜、红圣女果、奶油生菜、紫甘蓝、韭菜、大葱和洋葱等样品的净化,与弗罗里硅土SPE柱相比较,净化效果更好,表明多壁碳纳米管具有较强的吸附去除色素的能力,可以避免色素对测定的干扰。     

Liquid phase microextraction applications in food analysis

Over the last years, liquid-phase microextraction (LPME) in its different application modes (single drop microextraction, dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction and hollow fiber-LPME) has been increasingly applied for the extraction of both inorganic and organic analytes from different matrices. Its advantages over conventional extraction procedures (simplicity, effectiveness, rapidity and low consumption of organic solvents) has also attracted its application in the complex food analysis field, in which it has clearly provided good and challenging results. A comprehensive review dealing with those articles published since its introduction till the end of March 2011 is presented, offering also a critical vision of the analytical potential of LPME for the analysis of foods.     

Design and operation assessment of an oxyfuel fluidized bed combustor

Oxyfuel combustion is a promising alternative for CO₂ capture. While this has been proven in pulverized fuel (PF) burners, research in fluidized bed (FB) reactors is still scarce. Our work aims to increase the knowledge about this technology. To this purpose, a 95 kW_th FB oxyfuel combustion test rig has been erected. Its main characteristics are described in this paper, giving detailed information on the subsystems: the FB reactor, the fuel and oxidant supplies, and ancillaries. Plant flexibility is emphasized. It allows to operate under different CO₂/O₂ ratios, and to recycle CO₂ from the flue gases. Both the processes design and monitoring are supported by simulations that have been validated against experimental data, regarding fluid dynamics, combustion, and heat transfer. Finally, the performance of the facility has been tested both with coal alone and blended with biomass. CO₂ concentrations over 90% (dry basis) in the flue gases have been obtained. Comparison of air and oxygen combustion tests and operational recommendations are discussed, confirming the feasibility of the FB oxyfuel technology for CO₂ capture purposes.     

Neutrinoless Double Beta Decay: Status of Evidence

The present experimental status in the search for neutrinoless double beta decay is reviewed, with emphasis on the first indication for neutrinoless double beta decay found in the HEIDELBERG-MOSCOW experiment, giving first evidence for lepton number violation and a Majorana nature of the neutrinos. Future perspectives of the field are briefly outlined.     

超新星的前身星阶段fp壳层的电子俘获

基于核的壳层模型，本文讨论了大质量恒星的超新星前身星阶段核的fp壳层电子俘获，分析中引入了一高斯函数来表征Gamow-Teller跃迁强度分布，结果表明，由于这一修正，在高密度下，电子俘获率较前人给出的结果有较大幅度的增加。     

激光加速电子束团的输出特性研究

通过仔细研究俘获加速CAS(captureandaccelerationscenario)机制中电子束团的输出特性,发现其出射电子有3类不同的运动轨道即掠过(pass-by)、非弹性散射(IS)、CAS.由于实际入射电子束团的线度远大于强激光脉冲的线度,因此只有位于入射电子束团中心区域的电子才可能被俘获加速.对于目前所能获得的聚焦激光场强(～10²¹W/cm²)和实际的电子束团(～10⁸个电子)而言,最大的输出能量可达到450MeV以上,同时被加速电子的数目可达到10⁴—10⁵个.这表明CAS可望发展成为小型台式加速器的新加速原理     

Beta decays and muon capture as probes of ββ matrix elements

Detection of the neutrinoless double-beta decay is essential in probing physics beyond the standard model of electroweak and strong interactions. At the moment there is a considerable uncertainty associated with the calculation of the involved nuclear matrix elements. This uncertainty can be diminished by suitably chosen nuclear probes, like beta decays and nuclear muon capture. The related experiments are urgently called for. Presented by J. Suhonen at the Workshop on calculation of double-beta-decay matrix elements (MEDEX’05), Corfu, Greece, September 26–29, 2005.