荧光法研究盐酸拓扑替康、盐酸依利替康喜树碱类药物牛血清白蛋白的相互作用

用荧光光谱法、分光光度法研究了盐酸拓扑替康(Topotecan hydrochloride,简记为THC)与盐酸依利替康(Irinotecan hydrochloride,简记为IHC)两种喜树碱类药物与牛血清白蛋白(Bovine serum albumins,BSA)的相互结合反应.实验表明喜树碱类药物与牛血清白蛋白的相互结合作用为单一的静态猝灭过程,在溶液中二者以物质的量比11牢固结合,25℃时其结合反应的平衡常数K0分别为K0,THC=7.73×105 L·mol-1,K0,IHC=4.73×105 L·mol-1.根据F(o)rster非辐射能量转移机理,求算了给体(BSA)与受体(喜树碱类药物)间距离r和能量转移效率E分别为rTHC=3.75nm,rIHC=3.08 nm,ETHC=0.26,EIHC=0.51.并研究了五种离子对喜树碱类药物与BSA结合作用的影响,推测了二者之间的主要作用力为疏水作用和偶极-偶极相互作用.     

Simultaneous determination of FL118 and W34 in rat Blood by LC–MS/MS: Application to pharmacokinetic studies

W34 is a prodrug of FL118, and it can be converted to FL118 via a hydrolysis reaction. In this report, a highly sensitive LC–MS/MS method using a C₁₈ column was validated and used for the simultaneous determination of W34 and FL118 in rat blood. A stepwise gradient elution with 0.1% formic acid in water and acetonitrile was employed. The assays were linear over a concentration range of 0.50–50.0 ng/ml for both W34 and FL118. The accuracy of the validation method ranged from 89.74 to 98.94% for W34 and from 88.61 to 94.60% for FL118. The precision was within 7.15% for W34 and 9.63% for FL118. Extraction recoveries of W34 were 94.56–100.49 and 87.67–106.32% for FL118. No significant matrix effects for both W34 and FL118 were observed in blood. The assay has been successfully applied to biological samples obtained from a stability and pharmacokinetic study of W34 and FL118.     

New Route for Conversion of Camptothecin to 7‐Ethylcamptothecin and 7‐Propylcamptothecin

In this article, a new route for conversion of camptothecin to 7‐ethylcamptothecin and 7‐propylcamptothecin is described. Compared with previous reports, the reaction time of the new synthetic route was greatly shortened to 30 min, and the products were obtained in high yield.     

Synthesis of an esterase‐sensitive degradable polyester as facile drug carrier for cancer therapy

Polyethylene glycol (PEG) is widely used as a carrier to improve the pharmaceutical properties of drugs with low molecular weight. However, PEG has few functional groups (usually two) for drug conjugation and the resulting low drug content (1–2%) has hampered its clinical applications. For this study, we synthesized biodegradable poly(ethylene glycol‐co‐anhydride). This polyester‐based polymer possesses multiple carboxylic acid groups that can be used as facile drug carriers. Two anticancer drugs, camptothecin (CPT) and doxorubicin (DOX) were loaded into the carrier and their releasing properties and in vitro anticancer activities were studied. The polymer–drug conjugates exhibited esterase‐promoted degradation and drug release. Their cytotoxicity against the human ovarian cancer cell line SKOV‐3 was comparable to unconjugated drugs. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2016 , 54, 507–515     

Simultaneous separation and analysis of camptothecin alkaloids in real samples by large‐volume sample stacking in capillary electrophoresis

Large‐volume sample stacking (LVSS) is commonly used as an effective online preconcentration method in capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE). In this paper, the method LVSS combined with CZE has been proposed to analyze camptothecin alkaloids. Optimum separation can be achieved in the following conditions: pH 9.0; 25mm borate buffer containing 20 mm sulfobutylether‐β‐cyclodextrin and 20 mm ionic liquid 1‐ethyl‐3‐methyllimidazole l ‐lactate; applied voltage 20 kV; and capillary temperature 25 °C. The LVSS was optimized as hydrodynamic injection 4 s at 5.0 psi and the polarity switching time was 0.17 min. Under the above conditions, the analytes could be separated completely in <20 min and the detector response was increased compared with conventional hydrodynamic injection. The limits of detection were between 0.20 and 0.78 μg/L. A good linearity was obtained with correlation coefficients from 0.9991 to 0.9997. The recoveries ranged from 97.72 to 103.2% and the results demonstrated excellent accuracy. In terms of the migration time and peak area, the experiment was reproducible. The experimental results indicated that baseline separation can be obtained and this method is suitable for the quantitative determination of camptothecin alkaloids in real samples.     

毛细管区带电泳法研究新型喜树碱衍生物的水解反应

采用毛细管区带电泳法考察新型喜树碱衍生物(L-P)在不同pH溶液中的结构稳定性,并在接近人体生理条件下(310 K, pH 7.4)研究由内酯环结构形式向羧酸盐结构形式转化的水解反应的动力学和热力学参数.采用未涂层熔融石英毛细管柱(35 cm×50 μm i.d.,有效柱长26.5 cm),背景电解质溶液(BGE)为0 025 mol/L磷酸钠缓冲溶液,pH 值分别为2.5, 4.0, 5.0, 6.0, 7.0, 7.4和9.0.在pH＜4的溶液中,L-P以内酯环结构形式存在;随着pH值增大,内酯环结构形式将逐渐水解转化成羧酸盐结构形式;当pH>9时,L-P几乎完全以羧酸盐结构形式存在.上述水解反应的速率常数随温度的升高而增加;测得其活化能 (Ea),焓变(ΔH)和熵变(ΔS)分别为72.6 kJ/mol,10.5 kJ/mol和50.9 J/(mol · K).毛细管区带电泳法能有效分离新型喜树碱衍生物(L-P)两种具有pH依赖性的结构形式.由内酯环结构形式向羧酸盐结构形式转化的水解反应是一个自发的吸热过程, 而且随着温度的升高其水解反应趋势相应加大.     

Synthesis and in vitro antitumor activity of phthalimide-based polymers containing camptothecin

To improve the therapeutic efficacy of 20(s)-camptothecin (CPT) polymeric drugs containing CPT have been designed. A new CPT-conjugate, 3,6-endo-methylene-1,2,3,6-tetrahydrophthalimidoacetamidoglycine camptothecin ester (ETPA-gly-CPT), was synthesized by linking its hydroxyl group to the phthalimido monomer through a glycine-glycine spacer. Its homo- and copolymer with acrylic acid (AA) were prepared by photopolymerization using 2,2-dimethoxy-2-phenylacetophenone (DMP) as a photoinitiator. The monomer and its polymers were characterized by IR, ¹H- and ¹³C-NMR spectra. The ETPA-gly-CPT content in poly(ETPA-gly-CPT-co-AA) obtained by elemental analysis was 40 wt.%. The number-average molecular weights of the polymers determined by gel permeation chromatography were as follows: M_n=15,000 for poly(ETPA-gly-CPT), M_n=18,700 for poly(ETPA-gly-CPT-co-AA). The IC₅₀ values of ETPA-gly-CPT and its polymers against cancer cells were much larger than that of CPT.     

喜树碱及其类似物结构修饰与构效关系研究进展

本文对喜树碱“嵌入式”和“药物堆积”两种主要的药物作用模式，结构A、B、C、D、E环上优势位置及活性基团的取代和结构修饰，以及构效之间的关系进行综述，并提出今后结构修饰、定量构效关系及喜树碱的传输途径等研究方向。     

喜树碱的电还原特性及应用研究

The voltammetric behavior of camptothecin （CPT） in Britton-Robinson （B-R） buffer solutions （pH 2.09-9.07） was studied by the means of linear sweep voltammetry （LSV）, cyclic voltarnmetry （CV） and normal pulse voltammetry （NPV） at a hanging mercury drop electrode. In different pH range of B-R buffer solutions, CPT could cause three reduction waves. In B-R buffer solutions （pH 2.09-5.46）, wave P1 yielded by CPT was a two-electron wave. Between pH 6.01 and 9.07, CPT could yield two reduction waves P2 and P3. In addition, the pure CPT obtained from camptotheca acumina grown only in China was determined by NPV, and a linear response was observed in the range of 2.0 × 10^-3-4.0 × 10^-2 mmol·L^-1 with a 0.9991 correlation coefficient and a 8.0 × 1^-4 mmol·L^-1 detection limit for CPT.     

喜树碱插层的镁铝型层状双金属氢氧化物的合成及表征

采用共沉淀法把抗癌药物喜树碱（Camptothecin, CPT）插入层状双金属氢氧化物(layered double hydroxide, LDH)层间, 合成了CPT-LDH纳米杂化物。结果表明,在CPT-LDH纳米杂化物中,CPT在层间的排布方式有两种,即平行于层板的单层排列和垂直于层板的双层排列;缓释研究表明,CPT-LDH在pH 7.5的磷酸缓冲液中具有明显的缓释效果,其释放速率较相同pH值时CPT和LDH物理混合物的释放速率明显降低;考察了CPT-LDH的药物释放机理,在 pH 7.5的缓冲溶液中,释放过程受粒内扩散过程控制;CPT-LDH纳米杂化物的释放动力学符合准一级动力学过程。