Determination of 18 nucleobases, nucleosides and nucleotides in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells by isocratic solvent-generated ion-pair chromatography

The paper describes a method for the separation of 18 nucleotides, nucleosides and nucleobases by isocratic solvent-generated ion-pair chromatography in 55 min. It has been developed for pharmacodynamic monitoring of mycophenolic acid, the active metabolite of the immunosuppressant mycophenolate mofetil. The method was applied for the detection of mycophenolic acid-induced changes in inosine 5′-monophosphate dehydrogenase (IMPDH) activity in the lysate of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells.     

Kawasaki disease

Short history of Kawasaki disease, clinical features (principal symptoms and other significant symptoms or findings), diagnosis, cardiovascular involvement, epidemiology. Pathological features (lesion of vessels and lesion of organs exclusive of vessels), comparison between infantile periarteritis nodosa (IPN)/Kawasaki disease and classic periarteritis nodosa (CPN), etiology, treatment and management of Kawasaki disease are described.     

Optimal Structure of the Circulatory System: Influence of the Energetics of Vascular Smooth Muscles

Based on the principle of minimum energy expenditure, a mathematical model of the structure of the circulatory system is presented. The energy expended by the vascular smooth muscles is taken into account, and the vascular smooth muscle efficiency is considered. The optimal vascular blood volume is determined depending on the generation parameters in the systemic circulation. Theoretical results are compared with experimental data for man. The model describes the branching pattern of vascular trees more adequately than other existing models.     

Single-step microwave digestion of food and biological samples for the quantitative conversion of Se into the +4 oxidation state

An improved single step microwave digestion procedure is described for providing the fast and easy exhaustive mineralisation of biological samples concomitantly with the quantitative conversion of any type of selenium compounds into Se(IV). In such a way, digested samples are directly suitable for the subsequent Se analysis at trace and ultratrace levels by both spectrometric methods such as HG-ICP-MS or HG-ICP-OES and differential pulse cathodic stripping voltammetry (DPCSV). It is based on the use, under suitably optimised microwave irradiation conditions, of a digestion mixture with a carefully tailored composition such that its redox potential is made lower than that allowing Se(IV) to be oxidized to Se(VI), but high enough to permit total destruction of biological or, in general, organic matrices. It consists of a nitric acid (65%, w/w) and hydrogen peroxide (30%, w/w) mixture in a volume ratio 5:1, frequently adopted for the mineralisation of organic and biological samples, but added simply with 0.25 g mL⁻¹ of NaCl. Successful application of the procedure, in terms of both repeatability and accuracy, to the quantification of selenium by the instrumental methods above in standard compounds and in a certified biological sample proved its good performance. The application to the Se determination in human blood plasma and in a wide variety of foods is also reported.     

血浆中葡萄糖浓度的近红外光谱测量和分析

糖尿病是目前较为普遍的一种内分泌疾病。血糖的无创监测是世界各国研究和开发的一个热点。用近红外光谱技术对血浆进行了浓度分析。利用近红外光谱透射测量血糖浓度的吸光度变化,选择包含有葡萄糖特征峰的谱段建立校正模型,所建立的模型应使误差最小和相关系数最大。采用基线校正和曲线平滑的方法对光谱曲线作预处理,滤除噪声,突出有用信息。用偏最小二乘法(PLS)建立回归模型。对血浆中血糖浓度的实际值和计算值做了比较。     

Fluorescence Correlation Spectroscopy (FCS) Analysis of Human Red Blood Cell System

Recent studies have revealed the importance of the lipid micro domain for signal transduction in cell membrane. To analyze the biophysical properties of the lipid micro domain at the single molecule level, we measured the diffusion of fluorescence probe in human red blood cell (RBC) membrane using fluorescence correlation spectroscopy (FCS). The value of diffusion constant of octadecyl rhodamine B chloride (R18), D = 4.7 × 10⁻⁹cm²/s, is close to that of phospholipid molecules in membrane. This indicates that the probed RBC with R18 could be a convenient model for analyzing membrane property under natural conditions. Using this model, we investigated how amyloid beta peptide (A-beta) interacts with plasma membrane. This paper demonstrates that A-beta was inserted into the phospholipid bilayer of the RBC membrane and predicts the existence of the micro domain, lipid raft, on this membrane by the heterologous insertion of A-beta.     

Uncertainty of atomic absorption spectrometry: Application to the determination of lead in blood

The major sources of uncertainty of a method for determination of Pb in whole blood by atomic absorption spectrometry were identified. The combined uncertainty was compared to the experimentally determined variation and a satisfactory agreement was found, indicating that no significant sources of uncertainty have been overlooked and that the method is in a state of statistical control. The findings suggest that the major source of uncertainty at low concentrations are random fluctuations (noise) of the atomic signal. Therefore, if improvement of the method performance is needed, only actions directed towards enhancing the signal-to-noise ratio are suitable.     

不同激光参数照射下血管中血栓的演变

目前,激光是治疗葡萄酒色斑(Port Wine Stain,PWS)最有效的疗法。然而,由于选择性光热效应机理研究的欠缺,PWS的临床彻底清除率依然很低(<20%)。本文利用鼠脊视窗模型研究了不同激光参数照射下血管中光凝块和血栓的演变规律,以期为开发新的治疗策略提供依据。实验结果表明,Nd:YAG激光(1064 nm)照射后血管中只出现光凝块。长脉宽532nm激光照射后血管中首先形成光凝块,随着光凝块的流走,血栓产生并粘着血管壁。血栓面积随时间先增大后减小,存在时间长达4 h以上。短脉宽532 nm激光照射后,则形成非粘着血管壁血栓并随血流流走。由于形成完全堵塞血管的血栓是清除血管的前提,长脉宽532 nm激光联合抗血栓药物治疗PWS有望改善激光治疗PWS疗效。     

IIIB 型前列腺炎患者抑郁程度与社会支持的相关分析

目的 探讨IIIB 型前列腺炎患者抑郁水平和社会支持的相关性。方法 采用抑郁自评量表（SDS）和社会支持评定量表（SSRS）对48 例IIIB 型前列腺炎患者进行测评,抑郁和社会支持的相关性采用Spearman 相关性分析。结果 IIIB 型前列腺炎患者的抑郁发生率和SDS 评分明显高于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.01）;Spearman 相关性分析表明,抑郁程度与社会支持总和、主观支持、客观支持和支持利用呈显著负相关（均P＜0.05）。结论 大部分IIIB型前列腺炎患者存在抑郁情绪,其发生可能与社会支持程度较低有关;减轻IIIB 型前列腺炎患者的抑郁情绪可通过重视社会支持和加强护理干预来进行。     

血液肿瘤患儿医院获得性血流感染的临床特点

目的 了解血液肿瘤患儿医院获得性血流感染（nosocomialblood streaminfection,NBSI）的临床特点及病原体分布和耐药性,为临床上预防NBSI 及早期合理应用抗菌药物提供依据。方法 回顾2011年1月至2013 年12 月血液肿瘤住院治疗并发生NBSI患儿的临床资料和血培养结果,分析患儿的临床表现特点,病原菌分布及耐药性、治疗方法及转归。结果 发热及C反应蛋白（CRP）增高是NBSI患儿共有的表现,细胞因子中IL-6 和IL-10 增高发生率在50%以上。1 500例次住院患儿发生NBSI161例次,发生率10.73%（161/1 500）,其中血培养阳性70 例,阳性率为43.48%（70/161）;70 例血培养阳性患儿共检出病原菌79 株,革兰阳性菌55.70%,革兰阴性菌43.04%,真菌1.27%;排在前3 位的病原菌依次为表皮葡萄球菌、大肠埃希菌、肺炎克雷伯菌,分别占20.25%、15.19%、15.19%;葡萄球菌对万古霉素、利奈唑胺敏感,大肠埃希菌、肺炎克雷伯菌对头孢哌酮/舒巴坦、亚胺培南、美罗培南敏感。结论 血液肿瘤患儿发生NBSI缺乏特异症状体征,CRP 及IL-6和IL-10可能有助于NBSI 的诊断。NBSI病原学以革兰阳性菌为主,早期联合用药是成功治疗血液肿瘤患者NBSI 的关键。