食物中可溶性铁和可吸收铁的测定

为了评价食物中可被吸收利用的铁的量，采用体外法模拟人体胃肠道的消化吸收，考查了八种不同食物的可溶性铁、可吸收铁和铁的可利用率、铁的可吸收率，它们分别在０．００６×１０－３～０．１７６×１０－３、０．２４×１０－６～３．０９×１０－６、４．０８％～３８．４６％和０．１１％～１．６６％之间。发现摄食相同重量的黑木耳、紫菜或空心菜，可以获得比猪肝或菠菜更多的可吸收铁；就可吸收率而言，蔬菜类食物高于豆制品类食物，富含动物蛋白的食物高于它含植物蛋白的食物。     

Synthesis of 6,6′- and 6-MeO–PEG–BINOL-Ca soluble polymer bound ligands and their application in asymmetric Michael and epoxidation reactions

Design and synthesis of a flexible spacer attached 6-MeO–PEG–BINOL ligand has been described. The enantioenriched Ca soluble polymer bound ligand (SPB-II) was generated utilizing easily available, eco-friendly CaCl₂, and applied for CC as well as CO bond forming reactions. The ligand was precipitated adding diethylether, and the same ligand was used with equal efficiency for two more cycles.     

Thioindigo precursor: control of polymorph of thioindigo

2,2′-Bi[-3(2H)-thiophenon]ylidene with two bicyclo[2.2.2]-octadiene moieties was quantitatively converted to thioindigo by the retro-Diels-Alder reaction. The thioindigo solid obtained from the precursor had the P2₁/c structure which was different from the commercial thioindigo samples (P2₁/n).     

Determination of indomethacin in urine using molecule imprinting-chemiluminescence method

A soluble Mn (IV)-formaldehyde-indomethacin chemiluminescence system was found. Using a synthesized indomethacin MIP as recognition material and soluble Mn (IV)-formaldehyde-indomethacin as detection system, a new molecule imprinted-chemiluminesence method of determination of indomethacin was established. The response range of this method was between 1.0 × 10⁻⁷ and 1.0 × 10⁻⁵ g/mL with a linear correlation coefficient of 0.994. The detection limit was 4 × 10⁻⁸ g/mL. The relative standard deviation for 5.0 × 10⁻⁷ g/mL of indomethacin solution was 3.1% (n = 7).     

Soluble metal–polymer catalysts in the hydrogenation of organic compounds

Literature describing the use of soluble metal–polymer catalysts in the molecular hydrogenation of alkenes, alkynes, aromatic and heterocyclic compounds has been reviewed. Special attention has been paid to coordinated metallic and organometallic catalytic systems and highly dispersed colloidal metals stabilized with polymers. The influence of metals, polymers and solvents on the structures of active sites is discussed. The prospects for the application of soluble metal–polymer catalysts in organic synthesis are also considered.     

Response of gerbera jamesonii acrocarpous callus stimulated by mechanical vibration

Applying different mechanical vibrations, 2–3 Hz frequency, to stimulate the gerbera jamesonii acrocarpous callus, we found that it increases the growth rate and the content of soluble protein but decreases the fluidity of cell membranes. When the frequency was greater than 4 Hz, the effect was contrary to that of 2–3 Hz. In this paper, we also prove the double effects in the plant callus growth and explore the mechanism of the double effects in physical stimulation.     

近红外漫反射光谱检测梨内部指标可溶性固性物的研究

旨在建立近红外漫反射光谱与梨水果内部可溶性固形物之间的关系,以评价近红外漫反射光谱在测量梨水果内部指标可溶性固形物的应用价值。应用近红外光谱(350～1 800 nm),采用多元线性回归(MLR)、主成分回归(PCR)和偏最小二乘法(PLS)三种不同的数学校正方法对梨水果的可溶性固形物(SSC)进行了定量分析,并且对梨水果不同位置的吸光度原始光谱,一阶微分和二阶微分三种不同预处理情况下的模型进行了最优化分析。在梨水果赤道部位预测结果较为理想,采用一阶微分预处理方法下应用PLS方法。研究结果为预测集的相关系数为0.851 7, 预测样本均方根误差为0.879 3。研究表明,近红外漫反射光谱可以作为一种准确、可靠和无损的检测方法用于评价梨水果内部指标可溶性固形物。     

Sugar Determination in Grapes Using NIR Technology

In the last years, the interest in near infrared (NIR) technology is growing. Among the advantages offered by NIR spectroscopy are: speed, low cost, high repeatability, high reproducibility, and nondestructive. The purpose of this paper is to study the possibility of using NIR reflectance spectroscopy for correlation with sugar contents in grapes of the following varieties: Garnacha and Viura. These procedures were performance: fruits were hand-harvested and 30 grapes of each variety were selected. Mass, sugar and NIR (800-2500 nm) reflectance spectra of all the samples were obtained. The harvesting lasted long to obtain a wide range of the sugar content. Data were analysed using SPSS and SAS. It is possible a correlationship between NIR spectra and sugar (°Brix) so we can predict °Brix of grape with NIR technology. Multilinear Regressions were obtained. So, Viura multilinear regression used 33 variables (R² = 0,925; standard error of estimate = 1,0446) and Garnacha, 63 variables (R² = 0,89; standard error of estimate = 1,0508).     

近红外漫反射光谱检测赣南脐橙可溶性固形物的研究

研究了应用可见-近红外漫反射光谱技术快速检测赣南脐橙可溶性固形物的方法。以40个赣南脐橙为标准样本,利用漫反射光谱测定法获取完整赣南脐橙的可见-近红外光光谱(350～2 500 nm),采用多种光谱校正算法,选取不同的光谱波段范围对水果样本的漫反射二阶光谱进行有效信息的提取和分析,并结合偏最小二乘法和主成分回归等定量校正方法,建立了赣南脐橙可溶性固形物的定量数学模型。实验结果为: 在361～2 488 nm波段范围内,偏最小二乘法校正模型的预测精度最好,校正模型的相关系数为0.929,校正标准偏差和预测标准偏差分别为0.517,0.592,其预测集样本的预测值与真实值的相关系数为0.791。实验结果表明：应用近红外漫反射技术对赣南脐橙可溶性固形物的快速无损检测具有可行性。     

Germplasm evaluation to obtain inulin with high degree of polymerization in Mediterranean environment

Abstract

Long-chain length (DP) inulin-type fructans show pronounced beneficial effects to colon microbiota. In the past, cardoon roots for inulin production to fortify spaghetti gave very good results, but their harvest requires high costs. The aim of the work was to evaluate different types of inulin, extracted from cardoon roots and buds, topinambur tubers and chicory roots local populations in order to identify crops more suitable for high DP inulin production in Mediterranean environment. The inulin amount resulted in 115 (chicory), 390 (cardoon) and 550?g kg^?1 of d.m. (topinambur). Both in cardoon roots and in topinambur tubers the DP was very high. With the aim to produce a functional food, substituting inulin in staple food tubers of topinambur could be a good alternative to cardoon roots, due to the biological cycle of the plant (annual vs poliennal), the lowest costs of harvest and the good amounts of high DP inulin.