同位素稀释-液相色谱-电感耦合等离子质谱(ICP-MS)法测定大米中的甲基汞

目前国标方法GB 5009.17—2021测量样品中甲基汞(含量≤0.1 mg/kg)的精密度为20%、定量限为0.02 mg/kg,对于定量限以下的样品检测存在困难;为了能精确地测量国家食品安全检测领域关注的甲基汞污染物,通过在样品中加入同位素稀释剂后以GB 5009.17—2021国标方法进行样品前处理,以液相色谱分离出汞形态,用ICP-MS检测同位素比值,考虑质量歧视效应后以同位素稀释质谱法定量,建立了同位素稀释-液相色谱-电感耦合等离子质谱法测定大米样品中甲基汞含量的方法。当样品中甲基汞含量在0.01~0.03 mg/kg时,方法的精密度为0.3%~22.8%,不确定度U为0.002~0.004 mg/kg,k=2。以鱼肉中总汞与甲基汞成分分析标准物质(GBW10029)作为质控样,测定得到三种大米样品中甲基汞含量(以Hg计)分别为(8±2)、(24±3)、(19±4) ng/g,经过不确定度评估后表明方法的准确度较高;质控样(GBW10029)甲基汞的证书值(以Hg计)为 (0.84±0.03) mg/kg,而测量结果为(0.83±0.08) mg/kg,对质控样的测量结果说明该方法可靠;同位素稀释法将浓度的测量转换成同位素的丰度比的测量,可避免前处理过程带来的误差,同位素稀释与质谱结合可用于大米中甲基汞的高精度分析。     

Scientometric Overview of Coffee By-Products and Their Applications

As coffee consumption is on the rise, and the global coffee production creates an excess of 23 million tons of waste per year, a revolutionary transition towards a circular economy via the transformation and valorization of the main by-products from its cultivation and preparation (Coffee Husk (CH), Coffee Pulp (CP), Coffee Silverskin (CS), and Spent Coffee Grounds (SCG)) is inspiring researchers around the world. The recent growth of scholarly publications in the field and the emerging applications of coffee by-products published in these scientific papers encourages a systematic review to identify the knowledge structure, research hotspots, and to discuss the challenges and future directions. This paper displays a comprehensive scientometric analysis based on 108 articles with a high level of influence in the field of coffee by-products and their applications. According to our analysis, the research in this field shows an explosive growth since 2017, clustered in five core applications: bioactive compounds, microbial transformation, environmental applications, biofuels from thermochemical processes, and construction materials.     

基于激光诱导击穿光谱的大米Cr元素检测

激光诱导击穿光谱(LIBS)是一种元素快速分析的光学检测技术.在工业化发展进程中,重金属污染时刻威胁着大米等粮食作物生产地的安全性.以四川地区常见的Cr元素污染为例,采用双脉冲LIBS技术对市面上购买的五种地区大米中的Cr元素进行定量分析,并与电感耦合等离子体质谱法(ICP-MS)检测结果进行对比.结果显示LIBS测量误差满足相对误差标准,证明了LIBS方法具有对元素进行快速定量分析的能力,是检测大米重金属元素含量的一种有效手段.     

Multicomponent isotherm modeling of hexavalent chromium and fluoride ions simultaneous removal using rice husk derived activated carbon (RHDAC) electrode

In the present work RHDAC electrode was used to electrosorption of hexavalent chromium and fluoride (HCAF) by capacitive deionization from the aqueous feed. In this study multicomponent isotherm (MCI) modeling were done with different six MCI models for simultaneous removal of HCAF using RHDAC electrodes. This RHDAC electrode performance was indicated the simultaneous maximum electrosorption 2.47 and 2.34 mg/g for HCAF respectively for 100 mg/L aqueous feed. The results show that MCIM3 (Extended Langmuir) and MCIM5 (Non modified Redlich Peterson) models were found more fit to with experimental data with lower MPSD for both HCAF than other MCI models. The RHDAC was an effective electrode material for HCAF sorption from low concentrated feed.