分光光度法研究膨润土负载型 光催化剂降解亚甲基蓝

以Zn(NO3)2、SnCl4和膨润土为原料,采用沉淀法制备膨润土负载ZnO/SnO2光降解催化剂,用XRD对其结构进行了表征.在可见光下对亚甲基蓝染料废水进行降解实验,讨论了影响亚甲基蓝降解的主要因素.结果表明,光降解催化剂具有优良的光催化活性,在可见光下对浓度为10mg/L亚甲基蓝,30min降解率达到99.5%.     

Facile synthesis of Cu2O nanocube/polycarbazole composites and their high visible-light photocatalytic properties

Cu₂O nanocube/polycarbazole composites have been prepared by an one-pot solvothermal process using carbazole as a reductant. The polycarbazole layer not only protected and stabilized Cu₂O particles, but also prohibited the recombination of photogenerated electrons-holes pair and facilitated interfacial charge transfer between polycarbazole and Cu₂O. The composition, structure and morphology of the obtained products was systematically studied by X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), Field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), High-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), Fourier transformation infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and UV-visible spectrophotometer. Furthermore, the visible-light photocatalytic behavior of the Cu₂O nanocube/polycarbazole composites on the methyl orange was investigated.     

High vis-light photocatalytic property of g-C3N4 on four pollutants (RhB,MB, TC-HCl and P-Nitrophenol)

The g-C₃N₄ nanosheets were synthesized by a multistage program calcination with different heating rate, which was an easy, low-cost, and quick method. The morphology and structure of samples were characterized by various techniques. The performance evaluation of the samples was tested by degrading Rhodamine B, Methylene Blue, Tetracycline Hydrochloride and P-Nitrophenol in visible light. The results show that the photodegradation properties of TP-g-C₃N₄ prepared by multistage program calcination are the best than others. In particular, the degradation rate of TP-g-C₃N₄ to Rhodamine B reached 99.6% in just 4 min. TP-g-C₃N₄ catalyst has excellent stability and recycling performance. According to free radical capture experiments, •O₂⁻ may be the main active species for pollutant degradation. The possible photocatalytic degradation mechanism was also discussed. Due to the high specific surface area and a narrow band gap, the TP-g-C₃N₄ becomes a promising photocatalyst.     

First-principles study of nitrogen defect g-C3N4/WS2 heterojunction on photocatalytic activity

In this work, first-principles density functional theory simulations have been performed to investigate the influence of nitrogen (N) defect on the supercell structure, electronic structure and photocatalytic properties of g-C₃N₄/WS₂ heterojunctions. Analyses of calculated binding energies and the lattice mismatch ratios led us to confirm that N-deficient g-C₃N₄ and WS₂ were in parallel contact and form a stable heterojunction. Furthermore, the work functions, molecular dynamics simulations, charge density differences, band structures, DOS, electronic and optical properties and absorption spectra of different g-C₃N₄/WS₂ heterojunctions have been analyzed in detail. It is revealed that the compositing of N-deficient g-C₃N₄ with WS₂ improves the separation of photoinduced electron-hole pairs. N-defect enhances the visible light absorption of the heterojunction, due to the introduction of impurity energy levels. Moreover, the introduction of defect species further improves the photocatalytic performance of g-C₃N₄/WS₂ heterojunction in the visible region.     

离子液体-水混合介质中合成N、F共掺杂宽光域响应多孔TiO2光催化剂及性能

以TiCl4为钛源,离子液体-水为混合溶剂,采用液相水解-沉淀法制得浅黄色的N、F共掺杂宽光域响应多孔TiO2光催化剂(TiONF).以苯酚为模型物,考察了TiONF在紫外光区、可见光区及太阳光下催化活性.采用X射线光电子能谱(XPS)、紫外-可见漫反射光谱(DRS)、透射电镜(TEM)、X射线衍射(XRD)、傅里叶变换红外(FTIR)光谱及低温N2吸附-脱附等技术对TiONF的结构进行表征.结果表明,在离子液体-水混合介质中合成适量N、F共掺杂的TiO2在紫外光区、可见光区及太阳光下均表现出较高的活性,且高于纯水介质中合成TiONF的活性.离子液体-水混合介质有利于N、F进入TiO2晶格中;N、F共掺杂后在TiO2表面生成Ti―O―N键,形成新的能级结构,使催化剂的吸收红移至450-530nm,诱发TiO2可见光催化活性;同时,N、F共掺杂提高了TiO2表面羟基数量;还提高了TiO2相转变温度,减缓了相转变速率.另外,在离子液体-水混合介质中合成的TiONF较纯水介质中合成的TiONF粒子小、分散性好、比表面积大.     

Synthesis, characterization and application of iodine modified titanium dioxide in phototcatalytical reactions under visible light irradiation

Iodine doped titanium dioxide has been successfully prepared by simple hydrolysis of tetrabutyl titanate in the presence of iodic acid. The adopted method allowed for the production of spherical iodine doped titaniun dioxide nanoparticles with varied amount of iodine content. Analysis by X-ray diffraction, Raman, transmission electron microscopy as well as UV-vis DRS revealed that titanium dioxide nanostructures were doped with iodine which existed in two different valence states I⁵⁺ and I⁻. The iodine in the form of I⁵⁺ is believed to have doped into the lattice whereas I⁻ was well dispersed on the surface of TiO₂ probably as iodine adducts hence rendering it to be highly absorbing in visible light region. The I-TiO₂ exhibited improved photocatalytic activity toward degradation of acid orange 7 (AO7), methyl orange (MO) and 2,4-dichlorophenol (2,4-DCP) under visible light over the pristine TiO₂ prepared by the same method. High catalytic properties are attributed to iodine doping which led to high specific surface area, absorption in visible region as well as alleviation of charge carrier recombination. The most probable route undertaken in the degradation of AO7 is through indirect oxidation by the hydroxyl radicals.     

Preparation and Photocatalysis of Mesoporous TiO2 Nanofibers via an Electrospinning Technique

Mesoporous TiO₂ nanofibers have been synthesized by a new method that combines sol-gel chemistry and electrospinning technique. The obtained mesoporous TiO₂ nanofibers were characterized with scanning electron microscopy(SEM), X-ray diffraction(XRD), transmission electron microscopy(TEM) and nitrogen adsorption-desorption isotherms. The photocatalytic performance was evaluated by the photocatalytic degradation of Rhodamine B under UV light irradiation. The results show that mesoporous TiO₂ nanofibers exhibit higher photocatalytic activity compared with nonporous TiO₂ nanofibers.     

Preparation and characterization of amine-functionalized SiO2/TiO2 films for formaldehyde degradation

This paper investigated the gaseous formaldehyde degradation by the amine-functionalized SiO₂/TiO₂ photocatalytic films for improving indoor air quality. The films were synthesized via the co-condensation reaction of methyltrimethoxysilane (MTMOS) and 3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane (APTMS). The physicochemical properties of prepared photocatalysts were characterized with N₂ adsorption/desorption isotherms measurement, X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FT/IR). The effect of amine-functional groups and the ratio of MTMOS/APTMS precursors on the formaldehyde adsorption and photocatalytic degradation were investigated. The results showed that the formaldehyde adsorption and photocatalytic degradation of the APTMS-functionalized SiO₂/TiO₂ film was higher than that of SiO₂/TiO₂ film due to the surface adsorption on amine sites and the relatively high of the specific surface area of the APTMS-functionalized SiO₂/TiO₂ film (15 times higher than SiO₂/TiO₂). The enhancement of the formaldehyde degradation of the film can be attributed to the synergetic effect of adsorption and subsequent photocatalytic decomposition. The repeatability of photocatalytic film was also tested and the degradation efficiency was 91.0% of initial efficiency after seven cycles.     

RuO2/TiO2复合光催化剂的制备及性能研究

采用溶胶-凝胶-浸渍法制备了RuO2/TiO2复合光催化剂, 以紫外灯为光源, 直接耐晒黑G溶液的光催化降解为模型反应, 研究了RuO2/TiO2的光催化性能. 结果表明 掺杂量ω(RuO2)为0.16%、煅烧温度500 ℃、催化剂投加量为5.00 g·L-1时, RuO2/TiO2复合光催化剂催化活性最高. 直接耐晒黑G降解反应遵从Langmuir-Hinshelwood动力学模型, 测得反应速率常数为4.94×10-3 mmol(L·min)-1和吸附常数14.2 L·mmol-1.     

贵金属负载光催化剂在丙炔光催化水解反应中的研究(Ⅲ)

利用三种不同负载方法制备了含有不同贵金属的TiO2光催化剂,通过测试其XPS和光催化活性和选择性发现,TiO2光催化剂在丙炔和水的光催化水解反应中,由于贵金属的存在,有利于促进发生加氢反应,导致丙烯的生成量增加.Pt,Ru,Rh,Pd和Ag负载在TiO2上,在紫外线照射下(λ>270nm),Pd负载的TiO2光催化剂表现出最高的光催化活性.光催化活性和负载贵金属所处的氧化状态有密切的关系,贵金属完全被还原到0价是提高光催化活性的必要条件.