Application of Synchrotron Radiation in Neuromicrobiology: Role of Iron in Parkinson's Disease

In order to understand the role of iron (Fe) in the oxidative stress underlying the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease (PD) and parkinsonism–dementia complex (PDC), we investigate distributions and chemical states of Fe within a single neuron of the two disease cases, using synchrotron radiation (SR) micro beam. In the X-ray fluorescence (XRF) spectroscopic study, an excessive accumulation of Fe can be seen in the melanized neurons and free-neuromelanin (MN) aggregates in the substantia nigra tissue of both PD and PDC midbrains. X-ray absorption near-edge structure (XANES) analyses of PD revealed that the chemical state of Fe in the melanized neurons and free-MN aggregates shifted toward Fe³⁺ with a pre-edge peak at Fe K-edge due to a 1s 3d transition, indicating a breaking of the inversion symmetry around the Fe site. In PDC, however, the melanized neurons and free-MN aggregates showed mixed states of Fe²⁺ and Fe³⁺ without any pre-edge peak in the spectra. This tendency was also observed in the control case. These results suggest that the changes in distributions and chemical states of Fe may endogenously play a crucial role in the oxidative damage of the melanized neurons in PD, but through a different mechanism other than PDC.     

Magnetic resonance imaging and computed tomography in Pelizaeus-Merzbacher disease

Six patients with the classical form of Pelizaeus-Merzbacher disease (PMD) were studied with computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain. While final diagnosis of PMD should be made on the basis of histopathologic findings in the brain, findings in this group support the fact that MRI can be used for tentative early diagnosis when computer tomographic examination is normal or nondiagnostic. All patients had MRI findings reflecting a pattern of diffuse white matter disease that can be considered characteristic in the appropriate clinical setting.     

隐性心脑血栓病筛选的初步实验研究

通过对自然人群血栓状态和部分生化指标的检测，采用常规的统计分析，推断出正常人体外血栓参数的临界值分别为；长度３６．８３ｍｉｎ，干重４２．４４ｍｇ，线密度２．２８ｇ·ｍ－１．血栓状态与血液内的部分生化指标有弱的相关，分别是胆固醇与线密度相关，甘油三酯与血栓长度相关，β－脂旦白与干重相关．     

Structure–Activity relationships of effect of aryltin compounds on Ceratocystis ulmi

The effect of aryltin compounds (Ar₄Sn and Ar₃SnCl) on the growth of Ceratocystis ulmi, the causative agent of Dutch elm disease, was studied in shake culture. In all cases, the triaryltins were more effective than the tetra-aryltins as inhibitors of C. ulmi in vitro. Furthermore, substitution on the phenyl ring at the meta- and para- positions in the triaryltins did not have a major effect on the biocidal activity for the substituted triaryltins. Quantitative structure–activity relationships (QSARs) gave support to the idea that the species responsible for the inhibition of the fungus is the triaryltin cation. The QSARs further suggest that the interaction of the triaryltin cation with the fungal cell wall of C. ulmi is by a non-specific mechanism.     

基于SEIR演化博弈模型的旅游公共危机演化与控制研究

人为因素所致的旅游公共危机不断演化,会给地区旅游业带来巨大的冲击和潜在的威胁,良性控制与有效预防旅游公共危机已成为学者们关注的焦点。本研究基于传播动力学理论与演化博弈理论构建SEIR演化博弈模型,探究地方政府与旅游行业策略选择的博弈关系,以及双方主体不同行为决策下游客情感认知的演化路径,分析系统演化至良性稳定状态的过程与规律,以期为政府提供决策支持。通过仿真实验显示:旅游公共危机爆发后,地方政府与旅游行业的积极态度能够高效修复游客的负面情感认知,并防止旅游危机继续演化;地方政府利用罚款与非物质性处罚规范旅游行业行为,并通过政策补贴激励增加其选择规范经营决策的驱动力,同时建立严格的市场准入制度等,能够恢复旅游者信心以及修复旅游地形象,最终良性导控与有效预防旅游公共危机。     

冠心病患者血清钙、镁、铁、铜、铬、铝变化的临床观察

观察血清钙、镁、铁、铜、铬、铝与不同类型冠心病的关系,将冠心病患者分为三组:(1)冠状动脉痉挛30例;(2)稳定型心绞痛(SAP)患者27例;(3)急性冠脉综合症(ACS)患者35例,以34例健康者为对照组(NC),利用ICP-AES法测定了其血清钙、镁、铁、铜、铬、铝。结果表明,与正常对照组比较,钙水平在冠状动脉痉挛组和稳定型心绞痛组偏低(P<0.05或P<0.01),男性急性冠脉综合症组血清铝偏低(P<0.05)。提示血清钙水平下降可能与稳定型心绞痛及冠状动脉痉挛有关,而男性血清铝水平下降可能与急性冠脉综合症有关。     

Design and synthesis of 3'-(prop-2-yn-1-yloxy)-biphenyl substituted cyclic acylguanidine compounds as BACE1 inhibitors

Based on the lead compounds 1 and 2, a series of novel BACE1 inhibitors were designed and synthesized, among which compound 9h exhibited a 60 fold improvement in potency over the lead compound 1. This represents a good lead for the discovery of more promising BACE1 inhibitors for the potential treatment of AD. The result also showed that the prop-2-yn-1-yloxy is a suitable fragment for modification of cyclic acylguanidine BACE1 inhibitors.     

冠心病患者糖化血红蛋白水平检测对评估患者冠状动脉病变程度的价值探究

目的通过观察了解糖化血红蛋白HbA1c水平与冠状动脉病变严重程度的相关关系。方法随机选取2013年1月—2015年1月来遵义医学院第五附属(珠海)医院心血管内科住院并进行选择性冠脉造影(CAG)的96例患者,同时对这96例患者进行糖化血红蛋白测定,回顾性分析冠心病患者的临床症状、体征、诊疗等相关指标,以了解HbA1c水平与冠状动脉病变程度的关系。结果对冠心病患者进行临床调查,并对结果进行记录,冠心病组和对照组HbA1c水平比较可知,冠心病组HbA1c水平高于对照组(P0.05)。结论对冠心病患者进行糖化血红蛋白水平检测,严格控制高血糖,降低HbA1c水平,通过改善血管内皮细胞功能,对延缓或阻止动脉粥样硬化,减少心血管并发症和后遗症的发生有着重要意义。     

双倍剂量生血宁片治疗慢性肾脏病3～4期肾性贫血的疗效观察

目的分析在慢性肾脏病3~4期肾性贫血患者治疗中,双倍剂量生血宁片的临床应用疗效。方法选取江西省九江市中医院于2014年2月至2015年2月收治的62例慢性肾脏病3~4期肾性贫血患者为研究对象,将其随机分为对照组与观察组,对照组患者服用常规剂量的生血宁片接受治疗,观察组患者则在对照组患者基础上服用双倍剂量生血宁片,对比两组患者的临床治疗效果及Hb、SF、TAST等指标情况。结果观察组患者的临床治疗效果明显好于对照组,主要生理指标改善情况也比对照组患者更为明显,两组患者数据经对比后差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论在慢性肾脏病3~4期肾性贫血患者的治疗中,双倍剂量生血宁片的应用效果较好,值得推广应用。     

Introduction of d‐Glutamate at a Critical Residue of Aβ42 Stabilizes a Prefibrillary Aggregate with Enhanced Toxicity

The amyloid beta peptide 42 (Aβ42) is an aggregation‐prone peptide that plays a pivotal role in Alzheimer′s disease. We report that a subtle perturbation to the peptide through a single chirality change at glutamate 22 leads to a pronounced delay in the β‐sheet adoption of the peptide. This was accompanied by an attenuated propensity of the peptide to form fibrils, which was correlated with changes at the level of the fibrillary architecture. Strikingly, the incorporation of d ‐glutamate was found to stabilize a soluble, ordered macromolecular assembly with enhanced cytotoxicity to PC12 cells, highlighting the importance of advanced prefibrillary Aβ aggregates in neurotoxicity.