State space calculations for discrete probability densities

State space methods have proved to be powerful theoretical and computational tools in a number of areas of applications, in particular filtering and control theory. In this paper we advocate the use of state space methods for the study of discrete probability densities on the set {0,1,2,…}. The fundamental approach is to consider the class of all discrete probability densities that can be represented as the impulse response/convolution kernel of a finite dimensional discrete time state space system. We show that all standard operations such as the calculation of moments, convolution, scaling, translation, product, etc. can be carried out using system representations.     

扫描近场光学显微镜中两类光纤探针传输特性的研究

采用局域模式耦合理论，对扫描近场光学显微镜中的两类光纤探针－腐蚀锥和熔拉锥的传输特性进行了比较和分析。给出了光在探针锥中传输时耦合效率的分布情况，以及传输效率随锥长，针尖直径和光波长变化的特性。     

Markov games with incomplete information

We consider zero-sum Markov games with incomplete information. Here, the second player is never informed about the current state of the underlying Markov chain. The existence of a value and of optimal strategies for both players is shown. In particular, we present finite algorithms for computing optimal strategies for the informed and uninformed player. The algorithms are based on linear programming results.     

THE ALGEBRAIC CRITERION OF UNCONDITIONAL STABILITY OF CONSTANT LINEAR SYSTEMS

1IntroductionandLemmasConsidern-dimentionalconstantlinearcontrolsystemwithdelaywhereA(1)=(ail))...,A(2)=(aj:))...,B(1)=(6j:))...,B(2)~(hi:))...,C=(oil)...areconstantmatrixesandX(t)~(xl(t),''5x.(t))',U(t)=(m(t),...9u.(t))',y(t)=(yi(t),'',y.(t))'arevector…     

室外自然场景体视彩虹全息图的制作方法研究

本文介绍了一种用连续激光制作室外自然场景体视彩虹全息技术. 先用自制的透镜线阵照相机拍摄室外自然场景经透镜所成像的初级体视图，然后用连续激光照明初级体视图，原光路返回，透镜线阵此时不仅起到成像作用，而且起到了彩虹全息术中的狭缝作用. 这种技术也适用于室外动态物体. 本文制作了室外自然场景的体视彩虹全息图，并给出了实验结果.     

Crystallization of chiral compounds 3. 3-phenoxypropane-1,2-diol and 3-(2-halophenoxy)propane-1,2-diols

Specific features of melting of crystalline samples of 3-(2-R-phenoxy)propane-1,2-diols with different enantiomeric compositions were studied by differential scanning calorimetry. The melting points and enthalpies of melting for the racemate and individual stereoisomers were determined. Binary phase diagrams were constructed. The entropy of mixing of individual enantiomers in the liquid phase and the free energy of formation of the racemic compound were calculated. The thermochemical data indicate that the racemates are formed upon the crystallization of phenoxy-and 2-fluorophenoxy-containing compounds, while crystallization of the chloro-, bromo-, and iodo-substituted analogs would form racemic conglomerates. Published in Russian in Izvestiya Akademii Nauk. Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 2, pp. 225—232, February, 2006.     

反应挤出接枝共聚反应表观链增长常数的测量

以预辐照的LLDPE反应挤出接枝MAA作为研究对象，通过在双螺杆挤出机中的不同部位取样，用FFIR分析接枝物及均聚物的产量，并用ESR测试链增长自由基浓度，设计了测定接枝和均聚反应初始阶段的表观链增长常数的方法,结果表明，在本实验测试范围内表观接枝链增长常数不同于均聚链增长常数；所得的测量值符合理论预测值，证明测试方法适合高温熔融体系的研究。     

恒加试验简单线性估计的改进

在恒加试验中加速方程的二个系数ａ与ｂ的估计最为重要。文中给出了参数ａ与ｂ的二种新的简单线性无偏估计（ＢＧＬＵＥ，ＲＧＬＵＥ），这两种无偏估计均比常用的二步估计有较大的改进。基于上述新的线性估计，文中还构造了二种新的线性不变估计（ＢＧＬＩＥ，ＲＧＬＩＥ）。这两种不变估计均优于文献（１）给出的简单线性不变估计。     

Investigation of the three-dimensional microstructure of Cu-Sn(Pb) diffusion zones by means of ion beam sputtering, scanning electron microscopy and lattice source interferences

On model substances of Cu-Sn(Pb) solders it is shown by the combined use of several physical analytical methods that the intermetallic compounds formed during the annealing process have a crystalline structure, which can be observed also three-dimensionally by ion etching. Moreover, grain boundaries as well as phases become visible, and it is possible to determine the crystallographic orientation of the individual crystals in the Cu starting material and in the diffusion zones by means of the Kossel technique. As a result of the investigations, conclusions can be drawn with respect to the diffusion process, especially also to the crystallographic structure of the diffusion zones and the dendritic growth.Dedicated to Professor Dr. rer. nat. Dr. h.c. Hubertus Nickel on the occasion of his 65th birthday     

Linear rank and corank preserving maps on (H) and an application to *-semigroup isomorphisms of operator ideals

We characterize linear rank-k nonincreasing, rank-k preserving, and corank-k preserving maps on B(H), the algebra of all bounded linear operators on the Hilbert space H. This unifies and extends finite-dimensional results and results on linear rank-1 non-increasing and rank-1 preserving maps in the infinite-dimensional case. We conclude with an application to *-semigroup isomorphisms of operator ideals.