Synthesis of New Fused and Spiro 1,5‐Benzodiazepines

[1,3‐Dihydro‐4‐phenyl(1,5)benzodiazepin‐2‐ylidene]malononitrile 1_a was treated with formaline and some different primary amines to give the corresponding pyrimido(1,5)benzodiazepines 2_a–d . Treatment of compound 1_a with halo reagents yielded the corresponding pyrrolobenzodiazepines 3_a,b . The reaction of compound 1_a with active methylenes, bidentates, S,S‐ and N,S‐acetals afforded the corresponding spiro(1,5)‐benzodiazepines 4_a‐c–8_a,b , respectively.     

Synthesis and polymerization of cyano-substituted monomers derived from 4-amino-α-methyl-β,β′-dicyanostyrene

A novel class of polymer precursors of the general formula, where A is an aromatic structure bearing amide or imide linkages, were synthesized. More particularly, 4-aminoacetophenone was condensed with malononitrile to afford 4-amino-α-methyl-β,β′-dicyanostyrene ( 1 ). The condensation of the latter with half molar amount of terephthaloyl dichloride, pyromellitic dianhydride, or benzophenone tetracarboxylic dianhydride yielded the polymer precursors. In addition, compound 1 was condensed with an equimolar amount of maleic anhydride to afford the corresponding maleimide. The monomers were characterized by elemental analyses, FT-IR, ¹H-NMR, and DTA. Crosslinked resins were obtained upon curing the monomers at 300°C for 72 h. They were stable up to 381-422°C in N₂ or air and afforded anaerobic char yields of 64-68% at 800°C. © 1994 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.     

One-pot synthesis of 4,6-diaryl-3-cyanopyridine-2(1H)-thiones and their transformation to substituted thieno[2,3-b;4,5-b]dipyridines and pyrido[3",2":4,5]thieno[3,2-d]pyrimidines

4,6-Diaryl-3-cyanopyridine-2(1H)-thiones were synthesized in one step by the reaction of elemental sulfur, malononitrile, and 2-aryl-1-aroylethylenes in the presence of excess triethylamine. The products were used in one-pot syntheses of substituted thieno[2,3-b;4,5-b]dipyridines and pyrido[3",2":4,5]thieno[3,2-d]pyrimidines.     

Cross reactions of cyanoacetic acid derivatives with carbonyl compounds 3. One-step synthesis of substituted 2-amino-5-oxo-4,5-dihydropyrano[3,2-c]chromenes

Three-component reactions of 4-hydroxycoumarin, carbonyl compounds, and malono-nitrile or alkyl cyanoacetates in ethanol in the presence of Et₃N as a catalyst give substituted 2-amino-5-oxo-4,5-dihydropyrano[3,2-c]chromenes. Dedicated to Academician V. I. Minkin on the occasion of his 70th birthday. __________ Published in Russian in Izvestiya Akademii Nauk. Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 4, pp. 968–972, April, 2005.     

热解吸-气相色谱法检测空气中邻氯化苯亚甲基丙二腈

运用热解吸-气相色谱法对空气中邻氯化苯亚甲基丙二腈的检测方法进行了研究.采用中心复合设计法优化了邻氯化苯亚甲基丙二腈的热解吸参数,通过方差分析找出影响响应的显著因素,最小二乘法得到二次多项式回归方程预测模型,并利用响应曲面法推导出热解吸参数的最优条件,试验证明预测的准确性较好.同时模拟了空气中样品的测定,测得值为115,646 ng,回收率分别为77%和86%.     

Interaction of levoglucosenone with malononitrile

Levoglucosenone reacts with malononitrile to form a product with a complex structure, which contains two levoglucosenone molecules and three malononitrile molecules. The conclusion about the structure of the product was based on the data of NMR, IR, and UV spectroscopy and mass spectrometry. The suggested reaction mechanism involves cascade cyclization. Translated fromIzvestiya Akademii Nauk. Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 1, pp. 208–210, January, 1999.     

Syntheses of Indigoid Dye Precursors and Bioactive Compounds Via Condensation of 1,2- and 1,4-Diones with Thiohydantoins

The condensation of 1,2- and 1,4-diketones with thiohydantoins to give tetrahydroquinodimethane and isatylidene derivatives respectively is described which may act as potential precursors for indigoid dyes as well as bioactive compounds. The synthesized compounds have been characterized by elemental analyses, spectral studies as well as by molecular modelling using PC WIN model. In addition, the newly synthesized products have been screened for antimicrobial activity.     

The design,synthesis, and characterization of D-π-A-π-A type organic dyes as sensitizers for dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs)

New D-π-A-π-A type organic dyes were synthesized and characterized as sensitizers for dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). These dyes showed wide absorption spectra (300–625 nm) and high molar extinction coefficients (ε_467 nm = 60,911 M⁻¹ cm⁻¹). As dye sensitizers in DSSC, the D-π-A-π-A dye having a cyanoacrylic acid as an acceptor gave the best cell performance with a short-circuit photocurrent density (J_sc) of 7.14 mA/cm², an open-circuit voltage (V_oc) of 0.62 V, and a fill factor (FF) of 0.72, corresponding to an overall conversion efficiency η of 3.19%.     

Multicomponent Synthesis of 2-(2,4-Diamino-3-cyano-5H-chromeno[2,3-b]pyridin-5-yl)malonic Acids in DMSO

Dimethyl sulfoxide is a widely used solvent in organic synthesis and in the pharmaceutical industry because of its low cost, stability, and low toxicity. Multicomponent reactions are an advanced approach that has become an efficient, economical, and eco-friendly substitute for the conventional sequential multi-step synthesis of various biologically active compounds. This approach was adopted for the synthesis of previously unknown 2-(2,4-diamino-3-cyano-5H-chromeno[2,3-b]pyridin-5-yl)malonic acids via transformation of salicylaldehydes, malononitrile dimer, and malonic acid. It was shown that the use of DMSO at room temperature makes it possible to synthesize previously unavailable compounds. The investigation of the reaction mechanism using ¹H-NMR monitoring made it possible to confirm the proposed mechanism of the transformation. The structure of synthesized 5H-chromeno[2,3-b]pyridines was confirmed by 2D-NMR spectroscopy.