Application of multi-buffer layer of (Zn,Mg)O/CdS in Cu2ZnSn(S,Se)4 solar cells

(Zn,Mg)O (ZMO) buffer layer has attracted attention for having the potential to control the conduction band offset of buffer layer and large band-gap (Eg) Cu₂ZnSn(S,Se)₄ (CZTSSe) absorber interface, where the ZMO layer is deposited by the sputtering. However, the solar cell efficiency is decreased with the ZMO layer as compared with the CdS layer. The decrease in conversion efficiency is attributed to the sputtering damage on the absorber and high light reflection from the surfaces of CZTSSe solar cells. To completely suppress the damage, a CdS layer with very thin thickness of 20 nm is inserted between the ZMO layer and the CZTSSe layer. In addition, MgF₂ layers are deposited on CZTSSe solar cells as anti-reflection coating. Ultimately, the solar cell with multi-buffer layer of ZMO/thin-CdS is almost same level as that with the CdS layer. Therefore, the multi-buffer layer can be an appropriate buffer layer of the large-Eg CZTSSe layer.     

新型单核Zn（Ⅱ）配合物{Zn（H2O）6·（pbsa）2·2H2O}的合成、晶体结构及其光学性质

在水中采用回流法合成了Zn(Ⅱ)单核配合物{Zn(H2O)6·(pbsa)2·2H2O(1),pbsa=2-苯基苯并咪唑-5-磺酸阴离子},其结构和性能经UV-Vis,FL,X-射线单晶衍射和TG表征。1属单斜晶系,空间群C2/m,晶胞参数a=23.223(2),b=6.905 6(5),c=11.670 1(9),β=119.660(2)°,V=1 626.3(2)3,Z=2,Dc=1.544 mg·cm-3。1的中心离子为Zn(Ⅱ),与六个水分子配位;pbsa没有与中心离子配位,只起电荷平衡作用;未配位的水分子像节点一样通过氢键将1连接成三维网状的空间结构。1的λmax位于318 nm;在430 nm波长激发下,1的最大荧光发射峰位于425 nm和465 nm。     

σ-Aromaticity-Induced Stabilization of Heterometallic Supertetrahedral Clusters [Zn6Ge16]4− and [Cd6Ge16]4−

In this work, the largest heterometallic supertetrahedral clusters, [Zn₆Ge₁₆]⁴⁻ and [Cd₆Ge₁₆]⁴⁻, were directly self-assembled through highly-charged [Ge₄]⁴⁻ units and transition metal cations, in which 3-center–2-electron σ bonding in Ge₂Zn or Ge₂Cd triangles plays a vital role in the stabilization of the whole structure. The cluster structures have an open framework with a large central cavity of diameter 4.6 Å for Zn and 5.0 Å for Cd, respectively. Time-dependent HRESI-MS spectra show that the larger clusters grow from smaller components with a single [Ge₄]⁴⁻ and ZnMes₂ units. Calculations performed at the DFT level indicate a very large HOMO–LUMO energy gap in [M₆Ge₁₆]⁴⁻ (2.22 eV), suggesting high kinetic stability that may offer opportunities in materials science. These observations offer a new strategy for the assembly of heterometallic clusters with high symmetry.     

山梨酸钾与Zn2+在NaCl溶液中对Q235钢的缓蚀协同作用

采用失重法、电化学法、X射线光电子能谱(XPS)和扫描电子显微镜(SEM)研究了0.5 mol/L NaCl溶液中,山梨酸钾(PS)与Zn²⁺对Q235钢的缓蚀协同效应。 失重实验结果表明,在0.5 mol/L NaCl溶液中,PS对Q235钢具有一定的缓蚀效果,缓蚀效率随PS质量浓度的增加而增大,当添加PS的质量浓度为25.0 g/L时,最大缓蚀效率仅为38.37%,而PS与Zn²⁺复配后存在显著的缓蚀协同作用,缓蚀效率高达91.03%。 动电势极化结果表明,PS与Zn²⁺混合物可同时抑制Q235钢的阴、阳极反应,属于阳极型缓蚀剂。 阻抗谱表明,该混合物可在电极表面形成致密的保护膜。 XPS分析证明保护膜是由PS、铁的氧化物/氢氧化物和Zn(OH)₂沉淀组成。     

Interaction with plasmid DNA of Hoechst-TACN conjugates

ABSTRACT

A new family of conjugates between the Hoechst minor groove binder and the TACN metal ion ligand connected through hydrophobic alkyl or more hydrophilic oxyethyl linkers of different length has been prepared. The linkers are connected to the convex side of the Hoechst skeleton thus forcing the TACN ligand to exit the minor groove and interact with the phosphate backbone of DNA. The conjugates preserve the binding mode of Hoechst with an affinity influenced by the nature of the linker, the more hydrophobic being the more efficient. Coordination of Cu(II) or Zn(II) poorly affect these parameters. Nevertheless, the Zn(II) complex bearing a C6 linear alkyl linker induced a modest but reproducible acceleration of the hydrolytic cleavage of DNA which can be ascribed to the ability of the conjugate to deliver the hydrolytic subunit close to the DNA phosphodiester bonds.     

Permeability enhancement by induced displacement current in magnetic material with high permittivity

Based on a analytical model, this paper reveals that instead of demagnetization, the induced displacement current in a Mn–Zn ferrite core due to its high permittivity can produce a magnetic field that effectively adds to the incident magnetic field in the low-loss frequency region. This leads to a resultant magnetic field being larger than incident field in magnitude, and results in measured permeability being higher than its intrinsic value in the low-loss frequency region. It is also found that such effect is more pronounced in large core than in small core. With increasing frequency and consequently the core being more lossy, the induced magnetic field due to both conductivity and imaginary part of complex permittivity demagnetize the magnetic material and counteracts the incident magnetic field. In consequence, the measured real part of complex permeability becomes smaller than its intrinsic value. The larger the core dimension, the smaller the real part of complex permeability is. These conclusions based on the numerical analysis are in good agreement with the experimental observation in the aspect of change tendency of permeability versus frequency.     

火焰原子吸收光谱法测定土壤中有效态Cu、Zn、Fe和Mn

用稀HCl溶液提取土壤中有效态Cu、Zn、Fe和Mn,采用原子吸收光谱法测定其含量.样品加标回收率为93.0%-102.4%,相对标准偏差小于5.0%.该方法简便、快速,灵敏度高,检出限低,干扰小,结果令人满意.     

Crystal structures of the novel hydrated borates Ba2B5O9(OH), Sr2B5O9(OH) and Li2Sr8B22O41(OH)2

Three novel hydrated borates Ba₂B₅O₉(OH) (1), Sr₂B₅O₉(OH) (2) and Li₂Sr₈B₂₂O₄₁(OH)₂ (3) have been synthesized hydrothermally and their structures determined. Compounds (1) and (2) are isostructural, crystallizing in space group P2₁/c and having lattice parameters of a=6.6330(13) Å, b=8.6250(17) Å, c=14.680(3) Å, β=93.46(3)° and a=6.4970(13) Å, b=8.4180(17) Å, c=14.177(3) Å, β=94.35(3)°, respectively. Compound (3) crystallizes in P-1 with lattice parameters of a=6.4684(13) Å, b=8.4513(17) Å, c=14.881(3) Å, α=101.21(3)°, β=93.96(3)°, γ=90.67(3)°. While similar in their axis lengths, (3) differs greatly in structure and formulation from (1) and (2). The structure of (1) and (2) is contrasted to that of the well-known mineral hilgardite (Ca₂B₅O₉Cl·H₂O).