Crystal and molecular structure of the inclusion compound between 1,1′-binaphthyl-2,2′-dicarboxylic acid and acetylacetone (1∶1)

The lattice type crystalline inclusion compound of 1,1-binaphthyl-2,2-dicarboxylic acid (BNDA) with acetylacetone (AcAc) 11 has been investigated by single crystal X-ray diffraction. AcAc is present as the enolic tautomer, stabilized by a notably short intramolecular hydrogen bond. This H-bond closes a six-membered ring with delocalization of the system of conjugated double bonds. In the crystal the AcAc molecules are incorporated into channels, delimited by bulky binaphyl moieties, in a hydrogen-bonded framework of BNDA, and they do not show any disorder. The strictly stoichiometric host:guest ratio seems to be enforced by packing forces only.     

Stereoselective formation of dicondensed spiropyran product obtained from the reaction of excess Fischer base with salicylaldehydes: first full characterization by X-ray crystal structure analysis of a DC·acetone crystal

The structure and stereochemistry of the dicondensed spiropyran product (DC-1, X=COOH) obtained from reaction of excess Fischer base with substituted salicylaldehydes has been fully assigned as C with (8R, 10R) configuration on the basis of single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. The stereoselective formation of DC molecules indicates that the most plausible mechanism for DC formation involves dehydration of the cyclic carbinol intermediate with the aid of intramolecular H-bonding via transition structure TS₁^‡.     

Synthesis and structural studies of peptides containing a glucose-derived furanoid sugar amino acid

Conformational analysis of peptides containing a glucose-derived furanoid sugar amino acid (Gaa) by detailed NMR and constrained MD studies revealed that peptides with repeating Gaa-Leu-Val units had conformational signatures very similar to those of linear homooligomers of Gaa.     

Improving the gelation properties of 3,5-diaminobenzoate-based organogelators in aromatic solvents with additional aromatic-containing pendants

A family of 3,5-diaminobenzoate derivatives containing different Cbz-protected α- or β-amino side pendant chains and different aromatic-containing ester functionalities was prepared. It was found that the additional aromatic rings in the Cbz- and aromatic-containing ester moieties significantly improved the gelation properties of the resulting organogelators in aromatic solvents. Infrared and circular dichroism spectroscopy revealed that both H-bonding and π-π aromatic stacking interactions were the main driving forces for gelation.     

Low-temperature Fourier transform infrared spectra and hydrogen bonding in polycrystalline L-alanine

The 400-4000 cm(-1) FTIR spectra of pure NH and isotopically substituted (10 and 90% doped ND/NH) polycrystalline L-alanine were recorded in the temperature range 10-300 K. The observed temperature dependence and isotopic shifts behavior enabled to identify, in the spectra of the doped crystals, three well-separated bands ascribable to either the NH or ND stretching vibrations associated with the three different types of hydrogen bonds existing in the crystal. The observed red shifts of these bands relative to the frequency of a reference "free" NH (or ND) stretching mode were found to correlate well with the H-bond distances found in the crystal and provide an indirect way of estimating the enthalpies associated with each type of H-bond found in the crystal. In the low-frequency deformation and torsional spectral region (below 2000 cm(-1)), several bands, which were found to be affected by isotopic substitution, were identified as belonging to the NH3(+) group. Several bands show splitting at low temperatures, indicating the occurrence of a significant reorganization in the crystal structure, which with all probability results mainly from changes in the proton positions. Finally, the literature assignments of the IR spectra of both crystalline NH3(+) and ND3(+) L-alanine were revised taking into consideration their temperature dependence and behavior upon deuteration.     

Structural organization of G-protein-coupled receptors

Atomic-resolution structures of the transmembrane 7--helical domains of 26 G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) (including opsins, cationic amine, melatonin, purine, chemokine, opioid, and glycoprotein hormone receptors and two related proteins, retinochrome and Duffy erythrocyte antigen) were calculated by distance geometry using interhelical hydrogen bonds formed by various proteins from the family and collectively applied as distance constraints, as described previously [Pogozheva et al., Biophys. J., 70 (1997) 1963]. The main structural features of the calculated GPCR models are described and illustrated by examples. Some of the features reflect physical interactions that are responsible for the structural stability of the transmembrane -bundle: the formation of extensive networks of interhelical H-bonds and sulfur–aromatic clusters that are spatially organized as 'polarity gradients' the close packing of side-chains throughout the transmembrane domain; and the formation of interhelical disulfide bonds in some receptors and a plausible Zn2+ binding center in retinochrome. Other features of the models are related to biological function and evolution of GPCRs: the formation of a common 'minicore' of 43 evolutionarily conserved residues; a multitude of correlated replacements throughout the transmembrane domain; an Na+-binding site in some receptors, and excellent complementarity of receptor binding pockets to many structurally dissimilar, conformationally constrained ligands, such as retinal, cyclic opioid peptides, and cationic amine ligands. The calculated models are in good agreement with numerous experimental data.     

Synthesis, Structure and Thermal Stability of [Tm(TBTA)1.5(bipy)(H2O)2]n

The complex [Tm(TBTA)1.5(bipy)(H2O)2]n (H2TBTA = 2,3,5,6-tetrabromoterephthalic acid, bipy = 2,2-bipyridyl) has been synthesized in water-methanol solution at ambient temperature and characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction, elemental analysis, IR spectrum and thermogravimetric analysis. The crystal belongs to triclinic, space group P1 with a = 11.1429(2), b = 11.485(2), c = 12.872(2), V = 1498.1(5)3 , Z = 2, C22H14Br6N2O9Tm, Mr = 1098.74, Dc = 2.436 g/cm3 , μ(MoKα) = 11.013 mm-1 , F(000) = 1022, T = 296.15 K, the final R (I >2σ(I)) = 0.0494 and wR (all data) = 0.1246. The asymmetric unit of the complex is composed of one Tm ion, one and a half of coordinated TBTA 2-anions, one bipy, two coordinated and one lattice water molecules. The adjacent metal ions are bridged by TBTA 2- anions to form a 2D wave-like layer.     

A potent triphenylbenzene-based H-bonding donor to assist formation of two-component organogels with stilbazoles

Two-component organogelators based on a discotic H-bonding donor of 1,3,5-tris(4-amidobutanoic acid)phenyl benzene (2), and acceptors of 4-(4-alkoxybenzoyloxy)-4′-stilbazole derivatives were reported. These complexes showed good gelation ability for alcohols, which are known to be unfavorable for H-bonding formation. SEM study revealed that sheet-like network, nanotapes, and nanorods were gained from the self-assembling of the complexes with small difference of the carbon chain length. Based on XRD, IR, temperature-dependent ¹H NMR, and UV-vis absorption investigations, the gel-phase materials were generated from 1D columnar-type packing of complexes facilitated by cooperative H-bonding, π-stacking, and van der Walls interactions.     

Crystal structure and single crystal EPR of (NH4)2(15-crown-5)3[Cu(mnt)2] and (NH4)2(benzo-15-crown-5)4[Cu(mnt)2]·0.5H2O

The X-ray crystal structures of (NH4)2(15-crown-5)3[Cu(mnt)2] (1) and (NH4)2(benzo-15-crown-5)4- [Cu(mnt)2]·0.5H2O (2) were determined. Two single crystals are composed of distinct structures of ammonium-crown ether supramolecular cation and [Cu(mnt)2]2- anion. The triple-decker dication in complex 1 and a sandwich dimmer in complex 2 were observed. X-Band EPR studies on the single crystals of both complex 1 and complex 2 have been carried out at room temperature, which revealed that complex 2 showed a perfect hyperfine structure of Cu whereas that of complex 1 could not be observed. The principal values and direction cosines of the principal axes of the g and A tensors were computed by a least-squares fitting procedure. The spin density of Cu(Ⅱ) was estimated according to the principal values of the A tensors and compared well with the results calculated based on DFT method.