超临界流体萃取-GC-MS分析西黄丸中挥发性成分

建立西黄丸中挥发油成分乙酸辛酯的含量测定方法,为西黄丸的质控标准提供依据。方法:超临界CO2萃取西黄丸中挥发油成分,采用气相色谱法测定乙酸辛酯含量;研究压力、温度、时间和粒度因素对挥发油得率与乙酸辛酯含量的影响,并进行了化学计量学分析。采用GC-MS分析了适宜条件的挥发油的成分。综合考虑挥发油得率和乙酸辛酯含量双指标,确定的西黄丸挥发油萃取条件为:粉碎粒度为80目,萃取压力为25 MPa,温度为40℃,时间为2 h。在此条件下,挥发油得率达到7.76%,乙酸辛酯含量达到0.72 mg·g^-1。通过指纹图谱、主成分分析(PCA)、正交偏最小二乘判别分析(OPLS-DA)化学计量学分析可知,不同萃取条件对所提取的挥发油物质组分及其含量没有显著性差异。GC-MS鉴定出的主要成分有(1S-endo)-2-甲基-3-亚甲基-2-(4-甲基-3--3-戊烯基)-二环[2.2.1庚烷、10α-羟基日本刺参萜、(±)-麝香酮、4-亚甲基-2,8,8-三甲基-2-乙烯基-双环[5.2.0]壬烷和2-甲基-4-(2,6,6-三甲基-1-环己烯-1-基)丁醛。结论:西黄丸挥发油成分适宜萃取条件,及建立的乙酸辛酯含量测定方法准确、可靠,为有效控制西黄丸质量,完善其质量标准及进一步的药效成分研究提供了科学依据。     

Simultaneous determination of ginsenosides and bufadienolides in rat plasma after the oral administration of Shexiang Baoxin Pill for pharmacokinetic study by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry following solid‐phase extraction

A sensitive and reliable bioanalytical method was established for quantitati\ve and pharmacokinetic investigation of nine ginsenosides and seven bufadienolides in rat plasma after the oral administration of Shexiang Baoxin Pill by liquid chromatography–electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry, using tinidazole and digoxin as internal standards (ISTDs). All of the analytes and ISTDs obtained satisfactory recoveries by solid‐phase extraction using an Oasis HLB μElution Plate, which was eluted with methanol and ethyl acetate successively, and chromatographic separation was achieved on a Shim‐pack XR‐ODSIIcolumn (75 × 2.0 mm, 2.2 μm) with gradient elution using a mixture of acetonitrile–0.1% formic acid solution (v /v) as the mobile phase at a flow rate of 0.3 mL/min. Detection was carried out by a triple‐quadrupole tandem mass spectrometry with positive/negative ion switching multiple reaction monitoring mode. All analytes showed good linearity over a wide concentration range (r ² > 0.99). The lower limit of quantification was in the range 0.625–12.5 ng/mL for bufadienolides and 2–5.5 ng/mL for ginsenosides, and the mean recoveries of all analytes were in the range 78.29–99.35%. The intra‐ and inter‐day precisions (RSD) were in the range 0.08–12.38% with the accuracies between 86.09 and 99.40%. The validated method was then successfully applied to pharmacokinetic study of the above 16 compounds in rat plasma. Pharmacokinetic results indicated that the developed extraction and analytical method could be employed as a rapid, effective technique for pharmacokinetic study of multiple components, especially various polarity that are difficult to extract simultaneously.     

薄层扫描法测定消渴丸中葛根素的含量

以氯仿-甲醇-乙酸乙酯-水（3∶3∶4∶1）为展开剂,在硅胶GF254薄层板分离葛根素,采用薄层扫描法,以254 nm为检测波长测定消渴丸中葛根素的含量.结果表明葛根素在2.0-10.0μg范围内呈良好的线性关系,y=1064x＋ 16290,r=0.9949,平均回收率为101.1％,RSD=1.7％（n=5）.该法简便、准确、重现性好,可作为消渴丸质量控制的方法.     

Multi-components determination by single reference standard and HPLC fingerprint analysis for Lamiophlomis rotata Pill

A validated HPLC method was developed to evaluate the quality of Lamiophlomis rotata Pill combining the multi-components analysis by single reference standard with HPLC fingerprint analysis. Five bioactive components (shanzhiside methyl ester, loganin, 8-O-acetylshanzhiside methyl ester, forsythoside B and luteolin-7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside) were selected as markers to control the quality of L. rotata Pill. The results revealed that the chromatographic fingerprint method coupled with multi-components analysis provides an effective and feasible way to determine the components in L. rotata Pill.     

复方丹参滴丸的毛细管电泳指纹图谱

采用毛细管区带电泳法建立了复方丹参滴丸(Compound Danshen Dropping Pill,CDDP)的指纹图谱。以50 mmol/L硼砂-200 mmol/L硼酸(体积比为1:1,含1.1%(体积分数)三乙胺)为背景电解质溶液,采用未涂层石英毛细管(75 cm×75 μm,有效分离长度63 cm),运行电压18 kV,紫外检测波长290 nm,以原儿茶醛(protocatechualdehyde,PAH)峰为参照物峰确定8个共有峰,建立了CDDP的毛细管电泳指纹图谱(capillary electrophoresis fingerprint,CEFP)。用系统指纹定量法评价CEFP所反映的CDDP质量,依据系统指纹定量法划分10批CDDP的质量级别,仅有1批含量偏低。系统指纹定量法可以对中药及其制剂进行较好的全质量控制,所建立的CEFP具有较好的精密度和重现性,为CDDP的质量控制提供了新的参考。     

中成药六味地黄丸对急性肾损伤保护作用的研究

利用代谢组学方法研究了六味地黄丸治疗庆大霉素诱导的急性肾损伤的作用机制,并将超高效液相色谱-质谱联用(UPLC-MS)技术与主成分分析(PCA)、正交偏最小二乘判别分析(OPLS-DA)相结合来研究正常组、模型组、给药组间生物标记物的变化情况。在PCA与OPLS-DA模型中,正常组、模型组、给药组均可明显区分。共鉴定出17个正常组与模型组间的生物标记物,包括多种磷脂酰胆碱、鞘氨醇、植物鞘氨醇、鞘磷脂(d18∶0/16∶1(9z))、花生四烯酸。与正常组相比,鞘氨醇、植物鞘氨醇、鞘磷脂(d18∶0/16∶1(9z))、花生四烯酸的含量升高,而给药组中这4种化合物的含量下降,因此六味地黄丸可能通过调节这4种生物标记物的含量从而达到治疗庆大霉素诱导的急性肾损伤的目的。该研究为临床上六味地黄丸治疗肾损伤提供了理论依据。     

超高效液相色谱法测定青娥丸中松脂醇二葡萄糖苷的含量

建立了超高效液相色谱(UPLC)测定青娥丸中主要活性成分松脂醇二葡萄糖苷(pinoresinol diglucoside, PDG)含量的方法。样品经索氏提取后,提取物再用Waters Oasis HLB SPE固相萃取小柱进行前处理以消除杂质对PDG色谱峰的干扰。色谱条件：采用Waters Acquity C18 BEH UPLC柱(100 mm×1.0 mm, 1.7 μm)分离,以乙腈-水(使用磷酸调pH值至4.0)(9:91, v/v)为流动相,流速为0.1 mL/min,检测波长为227 nm,柱温为25 ℃,进样量为0.5 μL。在上述条件下,松脂醇二葡萄糖苷在1.40～506.00 mg/L范围内呈现良好的线性关系,相关系数r=1;低、中、高3个添加水平下的平均回收率分别为100.51%、102.37%、100.10%(n=9)。该方法准确、灵敏、重现性好,可用于青娥丸的质量控制。