High Resolution Crossed Beams Scattering Study of the F＋HD→DF＋H Reaction

Crossed beams scattering study was carried out on the F＋HD→DF＋H reaction using high- resolution H-atom Rydberg tagging time-of-flight technique. Vibrational state-resolved differential cross sections were measured, with partial rotational state resolution, at eight collision energies in the range of 2.51-5.60 kJ/mol. Experimental results indicated that the product angular distributions are predominantly backward scattered. As the collision energy increases, the backward scattered peak becomes broader gradually. Dependence of product vibration branching ratios on the collision energy was also determined. The experimental results show that the DF products are highly inverted in the vibrational state distribution and the DF （v＇=3） product is the most populated state. Furthermore, the DF （v＇=l） product has also been observed at collision energy above 3.97 kJ/mol.     

一类欠驱动旋转摆的非线性控制

欠驱动系统是一类构成系统的广义坐标维数多于控制输入维数的非线性系统.旋转摆属于典型的欠驱动系统,通过驱动杆的水平转动可使欠驱动杆由垂直下摆位置转到竖直向上位置.利用基于能量的控制方法设计了摇起控制器,使欠驱动杆由稳定平衡位置到达非稳定平衡区域,再由LQR方法设计平衡控制器,使其控制在非稳定平衡位置.两种控制器通过切换实现摇起和平衡控制转换.最后通过仿真实验验证了文中设计的两种控制器的有效性.     

能量法研究矩形填充多孔材料夹芯层面内等效模量

多孔材料作为一种新材料体系被大量运用于航空航天等领域,其夹层结构是大型风力发电机叶片的重要组成元件.为了节省生产成本、提高产品质量和结构安全性,以及对叶片的设计、改造和优化,其夹层结构夹芯层的等效力学参数研究是十分必要的.目前对于夹芯中填充其他材料的分析大多是忽略了填充材料带来结构性能的影响.本文针对矩形填充多孔材料夹芯层的特点,提出了十字填充模型,接着从能量的角度出发,推导出矩形填充材料夹芯层面内等效模量,并将能量法推导出的结果和从变形分析角度得出的结果进行对比,得到两种方法的计算结果完全一致的结论,从而验证了能量法的合理性,为将来深入研究矩形填充材料夹层结构的其他等效参数提供理论依据,也为叶片结构的改造和优化提供技术支持.     

Base force element method of complementary energy principle for large rotation problems

Using the concept of the base forces, a new finite element method （base force element method, BFEM） based on the complementary energy principle is presented for accurate modeling of structures with large displacements and large rotations. First, the complementary energy of an element is described by taking the base forces as state variables, and is then separated into deformation and rotation parts for the case of large deformation. Second, the control equations of the BFEM based on the complementary energy principle are derived using the Lagrange multiplier method. Nonlinear procedure of the BFEM is then developed. Finally, several examples are analyzed to illustrate the reliability and accuracy of the BFEM.     

基于小波包能量谱爆炸参量对爆破振动信号能量分布的影响

基于现场实测爆破振动数据,根据爆破振动信号具有短时非平稳的特点,采用小波包分析技术对不同爆炸参量(爆心距、最大段药量和微差雷管段数)下产生的爆破振动信号进行小波包能量谱分析,获得了爆破振动信号不同频带的能量分布,研究了不同爆炸参量下的爆破振动信号能量分布特征,从爆破振动信号能量角度探讨了不同爆炸参量下爆破地震波的衰减规律,为研究爆破地震效应提供了一种新的分析技术。     

低温恒能量同步荧光法同时快速检测食品中多种多环芳烃

恒能量同步荧光法应用于多环芳烃的检测可以提高选择性,低温可使谱带呈指纹特征,提供常温光谱无法获得的光谱细节信息,有助于实现对复杂基体中多环芳烃的检测。文章结合恒能量同步荧光扫描技术与斯波斯基低温技术,建立了食品中多种多环芳烃的低温恒能量同步荧光同时快速分析方法。对低油脂样品直接用正辛烷浸泡,高油脂样品也只需要增加皂化萃取,即可进行光谱扫描来检测食品样中的多种多环芳烃。对两种类型的实际样进行加标回收实验,回收率为80.2%～98.9%,定量工作曲线线性较好(r≥0.993 8)。该方法选择性好、操作简便快捷、费用低廉。     

A numerical approach based on the meshless collocation method in elastodynamics

In this paper, a collocation technique with the modified equilibrium on line method （ELM） for imposition of Neumann （natural） boundary conditions is presented for solving the two-dimensional problems of linear elastic body vibrations. In the modified ELM, equilibrium over the lines on the natural boundary is satisfied as Neumann boundary condition equations. In other words, the natural boundary conditions are satisfied naturally by using the weak formulation. The performance of the modified version of the ELM is studied for collocation methods based on two different ways to construct meshless shape functions： moving least squares approximation and radial basis point interpolation. Numerical examples of two-dimensional free and forced vibration analyses show that by using the modified ELM, more stable and accurate results would be obtained in comparison with the direct collocation method.     

EFFECT OF SURFACE ENERGY ON DISLOCATION-INDUCED FIELD IN HALF-SPACE WITH APPLICATION TO THIN FILM-SUBSTRATE SYSTEMS

In this work the elastic field of an edge dislocation in a half-space with the effect of surface energy has been obtained. The elastic field is then used to study the image force on the dislocation, the critical thickness for dislocation generation in epitaxial thin films with strain mismatch and the yielding strength of thin films on substrates. The results show that the image forces on the dislocation deviate from the conventional solutions when the distance of the dislocation from the free surface is smaller than several times of the characteristic length. Also due to the effect of surface energy, the critical thickness for dislocation generation is smaller than that predicted by the conventional elastic solutions and the extent of the deviation depends on the magnitude of mismatch strain. In contrast, the effect of surface energy on the yielding strength for many practical thin films can be neglected except for some soft ones where the characteristic length is comparable to the thickness.     

磁流体流动控制中的磁场配置效率研究

采用数值模拟方法研究了不同磁场空间构型对弹道式再入飞行器基准外形表面热流分布的影响. 计算模型为低磁雷诺数近似下的磁流体力学模型. 数值模拟结果表明两个大小相同、方向不同的磁偶极子对表面热流密度分布的影响存在较大差异,由此指出热流控制应用中磁场配置的效率问题. 随后的磁场详细作用机理分析表明上述差异的原因在于不同空间磁场分布对流动能量转化机制的影响不同. 以此为基础给出了在流动的不同区域,磁场空间分布应遵循的一般性原则.