Oxyfadichalcones A–C: three chalcone dimers fused through a cyclobutane ring from Tibetan medicine Oxytropis falcata Bunge

Oxyfadichalcones A and B, two unprecedented chalcone dimers fused through a cyclobutane ring by head-to-tail [2+2] cycloaddition of two chalcones that had never been found previously in nature, along with oxyfadichalcone C, a new head-to-head [2+2] cyclized chalcone dimer, were simultaneously obtained from Oxytropis falcata. Structural elucidation was succeeded by spectroscopic and single-crystal synchrotron radiation analysis. Additionally, the photosynthesis of the chalcone dimers was performed and the plausible biosynthesis was discussed.     

图$(\bigcup\limits_{i{\in}A}P_i){\bigcup}(\bigcup\limits_{j{\in}B}U_j)$伴随唯一的充要条件

设$h(G; x) =h(G)$和$[G]_h$分别表示图$G$的伴随多项式和伴随等价类. 文中给出了$[G]_h$的一个新应用. 利用$[G]_h$, 给出了图$H{\;}(H \cong G)$伴随唯一的充要条件, 其中$H=(\bigcup_{i{\in}A}P_i){\bigcup}(\bigcup_{j{\in}B}U_j)$, $A \subseteq A^{'}=\{1,2,3,5\} \bigcup \{2n|n \in N, n \geq 3\}$, $B \subseteq B^{'}     

Effect of pH,ionic strength,foreign ions,humic acid and temperature on sorption of radionuclide <Superscript>60</Superscript>Co(II) on illite

In this article, a series of batch experiments were carried out to investigate the effect of various environmental factors such as contact time, solid content, pH, ionic strength, foreign ions, temperature and coexisting humic acid on the sorption behavior radionuclide ⁶⁰Co(II) on illite. The results indicated that the sorption of Co(II) was strongly dependent on pH, ionic strength and temperature. At low pH, the sorption was dominated by outer-sphere surface complexation and ion exchange on illite surfaces, whereas inner-sphere surface complexation was the main sorption mechanism at high pH. The Langmuir, Freundlich and Dubinin-Radushkevich (D-R) models were used to simulate the sorption isotherms at three different temperatures of 303.15, 323.15 and 343.15 K. The thermodynamic data (∆G ⁰, ∆S ⁰, ∆H ⁰) were calculated from the temperature dependent sorption isotherms and the results suggested that the sorption process of Co(II) on illite was an endothermic and spontaneous process. The sorption test revealed that the illite can be as a cost-effective adsorbent suitable for pre-concentration of Co(II) from large volumes of aqueous solutions.     

青海高原道地药材羌活和铁棒锤微量元素含量比较研究

为研究青海高原道地药材羌活和铁棒锤的特性,采用电热板消解法处理样品,原子吸收分光光度法测定了两种药材中Ca、Mg、Cu、Zn、Fe、Mn 6种金属元素的含量。结果表明,Ca、Mg、Cu、Zn、Fe、Mn 6种微量元素含量在两种道地药材中,含量最高的是Ca,平均值分别为(55.78±12.10)mg/g和(26.48±5.79)mg/g;含量最低的元素为Cu,其值分别为(0.28±0.28)mg/g和(0.09±0.06)mg/g;其它元素含量从高到低依次为Mg,Fe,Zn,Mn。可见不同地区的羌活其微量元素的含量有明显的差异,且羌活微量元素含量也存在种间差异,细叶羌活的Ca、Mg元素含量比宽叶羌活的要低,相反,Fe,Cu,Zn 3种元素含量细叶羌活的比宽叶的要高。     

基于Matlab的牛顿环白光干涉实验仿真

根据色度学原理,利用Matlab仿真出了牛顿环白光干涉场的分布图,并给出了程序代码,仿真结果形象直观,效果良好。     

LC–ESI–MS Determination of 20 Free Amino Acids in Tibetan Medicine Gentiana dahurica with Pre-Column Fluorescence Derivatization

Concentrations of 20 free amino aicds (FAAs) in a famous Tibetan medicine Gentiana dahurica was first investigated using 1,2-benzo-3,4-dihydrocarbazole-9-ethyl chloroformate (BCEOC) as the pre-column fluorescence derivatization reagent by reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography (RP-LC). 20 amino acid derivatives (AAD) were separated on a Hypersil BDS C₁₈ column with a good baseline resolution within 65 min. Identification of 20 AAD was by online post-column mass spectrometry with an electrospray ionization (ESI) source. The validation of the method was examined by linearity, repeatability, and detection limits. Most linear correlation coefficients for AAD were >0.9990, and detection limits (at signal-to-noise of 3:1) were 6.5–178.2 fmol. There were 18 FAAs found in G. dahurica, of which seven FAAs were necessary to the people’s health and related to the treatment of liver and gall disease. Variation of concentrations of the 20 FAAs showed geographical distribution difference among populations. Meanwhile a stable genetic diversity of FAAs composition of G. dahurica was also revealed at the species level. Results of the present study proved that the established method was rapid and reproducible for further separation and determination of FAAs in more medicinal plants.     

野生与施肥种植川西獐牙菜中矿物质元素含量的季节变化

为对比野生与施肥（尿素和磷酸二铵）种植青海川西獐牙菜中元素含量的变化,分别采集野生和6～10月施肥种植川西獐牙菜全植株,采用原子吸收光谱仪分析测定了其钾、钠、钙、镁等矿物质元素含量和铜、锌、铁、锰、钴等微量元素含量。结果表明,施肥种植川西獐牙菜中矿物质元素、微量元素含量除钾外,均高于野生种,并在9～10月份达到最高水平,可替代野生种人药,按需适时采收,以解决资源匮乏。     

青海藏区社会经济发展水平动态评价研究

利用全局主成分分析(GPCA)、动态聚类分析等方法,根据经济发展水平、社会进步程度和社会经济综合水平3个方面对青海25个藏区县2002-2008年社会经济发展状况进行了定量评价和动态分析.指数化的评价结果表明,25个藏区县以上3个方面的发展水平逐年提高,社会经济综合实力综合指数均值从2002年的-0.8381上升到2008年的1.2796.     

Star subdivisions and connected even factors in the square of a graph

For any positive integer $s$, a $[2,2s]$-factor in a graph $G$ is a connected even factor with maximum degree at most $2s$. We prove that if every induced $S\left(K_{1,2s+1}\right)$ in a graph $G$ has at least three edges in a block of degree at most 2, then $G^2$ has a $[2,2s]$-factor. This extends the results of Hendry and Vogler [5] and Abderrezzak et al. (1991) [1].     

关于完全三部图K(n,n,n+4)的色唯一性

通过比较两个图的色多项式的系数(本文使用了五独立集数)、顶点集、边集、三角形和四圈的个数,证明了K(2,2,6)是色唯一图,从而部分地回答了文[5],[7]中遗留的一个问题,并得到图K(n,n,n 4)(n=2或n 4)是色唯一的.