Preparation of anhydrous magnesium chloride in a gas-solid reaction with ammonium carnallite

Dehydrated ammonium carnallite was synthesized with bischofite from salt lake and ammonium chloride solution in a 1:1 molar ratio of MgCl₂:NH₄Cl, dehydrated at 160°C for about 4 h. The yield was above 85%. The product was then mixed with solid-state ammonium chloride with a 1:4 mass ratio for the further dehydration at 410°C. The decomposition of NH₄Cl made a pressure of NH₃ at 30.5 kPa to prevent the hydrolysis of ammonium carnallite. The anhydration of magnesium chloride was achieved at 700°C. The results showed that anhydrous magnesium chloride contains magnesium oxide in an amount that was less than 0.1% by weight. XRD pattern and SEM micrograph showed a good dispersion of ammonium carnallite and anhydrous magnesium chloride crystals with well-distributed big grains, just enough to meet the need for the production of magnesium metal in the electrolysis process. __________ Translated from Chinese Journal of Applied Chemistry, 2005, 22(8) (in Chinese)     

Pt/SrZr0.95Y0.05O3-TiO2-xNx复合催化剂的制备及模拟太阳光催化产氢活性研究

利用共沉淀法和固相法制备出SrZr_0.95Y_0.05O₃微粒,采用溶胶包覆法使其与含氮TiO₂溶胶复合,并原位光沉积Pt颗粒组装成异质结复合催化剂,采用XRD、TG-DTA、紫外可见漫反射光谱(UV-Vis DRS)和荧光光谱(FS)等技术对其进行了表征和分析,以草酸为牺牲剂,模拟太阳光下光催化产氢为探针,评价了催化剂的光催化活性。研究了不同氮源剂、烧结温度、载铂含量对催化剂光催化产氢活性的影响。结果表明,在模拟太阳光照射下,单独的SrZr_0.95Y_0.05O₃和TiO₂几乎不产生氢气;而将两者采用溶胶包覆法复合并掺氮后,所制备出的复合催化剂表现出一定程度的产氢活性,在氮源剂为三乙胺、400 ℃焙烧下具有最佳的产氢活性,催化活性的提高源于复合催化剂中形成的异质结抑制了光生载流子的快速复合以及氮掺杂引起对可见光的响应;进一步负载铂后,其产氢量得到大幅度的提高,其最佳负载量为1wt%,6 h内产氢量达到12.5 mmol,是未负载的样品的22倍多,这是由于铂负载进一步抑制了光生载流子的复合,从而大大地提高了光催化活性。     

Enantioselective extraction of fenvaleric acid enantiomers by two-phase (W/O) recognition chiral extraction

To establish an extraction method for fenvaleric acid (FA) enantiomers using l-iso-butyl-l-tartaric esters and hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (HP-β-CD) as chiral selector, the distribution of FA enantiomers was examined in methanol aqueous solution containing HP-β-CD and 1,2-dichloroethane organic solution containing l-iso-butyl-l-tartaric esters. The influences of the concentration of l-iso-butyl-l-tartaric esters and HP-β-CD, organic diluent, pH, extraction temperature and the concentration of methanol aqueous solution on the partition coefficient (k) and separation factor (α) of FA were investigated. The experiment results showed that the complex formed by l-iso-butyl-l-tartaric esters with S-enantiomer is stabler than that with R-enantiomer. With the increase of the concentration of l-iso-butyl-l-tartaric ester, k and α increased; With the increase of the concentration of HP-β-CD, k increased firstly, and then decreased, but α increased all the while, k was the highest when the concentration of HP-β-CD was 4 mmol L^?1. 1,2-dichloroethane organic diluent was better than the others. With the increase of pH, k and α decreased; with further increasing concentration of methanol aqueous solution, k and α decreased, k and α were the highest when the concentration of methanol aqueous solution was 10%. The extraction temperature had a great influence on k and α, too.     

Optimization by orthogonal array design of ion-pair HPLC separation of the enzymatic hydrolysis products of yeast RNA

<正>The separation of enzymatic hydrolysis products of yeast RNA by ion-pair HPLC was studied.A modified chromatographic response function(MCRF) was proposed to appraise the effectiveness of chromatographic separation.This function takes the number of peaks,resolution and the retention time of the last peak into consideration.It shows advantages for optimization of HPLC separation of complex mixtures.An orthogonal array design was used to separate the hydrolysate of yeast RNA and the optimal chromatographic conditions were obtained.     

项链李代数的结构

研究项链李代数的结构,定义了箭图Q的重箭图Q循环上的映射σ,证明了这是一个李运算.引入左右指标数组概念,利用它们把项链李代数N_Q的基分成了5类,并构造了项链李代数的一些有趣的子代数.     

β-环糊精衍生物对α-苯丙酸包结作用的研究

用紫外光谱法研究了系列β-环糊精衍生物(羟丙基-β-环糊精、羟乙基-β-环糊精和甲基-β-环糊精)对α-苯丙酸的包结作用,考察了不同β-环糊精衍生物对不同存在状态的α-苯丙酸的包结行为。结果说明,α-苯丙酸与β-环糊精衍生物形成的包合物的包合比为1∶1,三种主体环糊精的包结能力强弱顺序为:羟乙基-β-环糊精羟丙基-β-环糊精甲基-β-环糊精。羟丙基-β-环糊精适合包结分子状态的α-苯丙酸,而不易包结离子状态的α-苯丙酸。     

Quasi-convex Functions in Carnot Groups

In this paper, the authors introduce the concept of h-quasiconvex functions on Carnot groups G. It is shown that the notions of h-quasiconvex functions and h-convex sets are equivalent and the L∞estimates of first derivatives of h-quasiconvex functions are given. For a Carnot group G of step two, it is proved that h-quasiconvex functions are locally bounded from above. Furthermore, the authors obtain that h-convex functions are locally Lipschitz continuous and that an h-convex function is twice differentiable almost everywhere.     

Inequalities involving two simplexes

In this paper, we establish some geometric inequalities for two n-dimensional simplexes in the n-dimensional Euclidean space Eⁿ.This work is supported by the Hunan Provincial Science Foundation, P. R. China. S. Mingbao is a doctorate candidate of Nanjing University of Science and Technology.     

强激光场中氘团簇双重膨胀引发核聚变

在超强fs激光与氘团簇的相互作用中, 分析了可以引发核聚变的高能氘核产生的原因,提出了团簇双重膨胀的机制,计算了氘核动能及团簇解体的时间, 为选取合适的激光脉冲宽度参数提供参考. Considering the Coulomb explosion induced by the interaction of a deuterium cluster target with ultra intensity femtosecond laser,the causation which generate energetic deuterium nuclei for the fusion has been analyzed. The mechanism for the dual explosion of deuterium cluster is proposed, and hence the velocity of deuterium nuclei and the expansion time of deuterium ion clusters have been estimated.     

Solid phase extraction of trace cadmium and lead in food samples using modified peanut shell prior to determination by flame atomic absorption spectrometry

Microchimica Acta - Peanut shell was chemically modified with phosphoric acid and used as a solid phase extraction material for the determination of trace amounts of Pb2+ and Cd2+ in food samples...