High‐performance aromatic thermosetting resins with hydroxyl and ethynyl groups

A novel hydroxyl‐ethynyl‐arene (HEA) resin was synthesized via Aldol condensation and Sonogashira reaction. The structure of the obtained resin was confirmed by the techniques of mass spectroscopy (MS), gel permeation chromatography (GPC), proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (¹H‐NMR), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, (FT‐IR) and elemental analysis (EA). Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) results showed an exotherm at the temperature range of 187°C–245°C, attributable to crosslinking reaction of the acetylene groups. After thermal cure, the obtained cured resin possessed excellent thermal stability. Thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA) in nitrogen showed the Td₅ (temperature of 5% weight loss) was about 400°C, and the char yield in nitrogen was about 78% at 900°C. The laminate composite of HEA resin was prepared and its mechanical and thermal properties were determined. The usefulness of the HEA resin as matrix for ablative composite was evaluated. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

利用Doppler-warping变换的水下对空运动声源的线谱探测EI北大核心CSCD

提出了一种利用Doppler-warping变换的水下对空运动声源的线谱探测方法。该方法首先利用Doppler-warping变换线性化目标线谱的多普勒相位,再提取线性化后的目标线谱点,结合波束形成算法实现对目标的探测。仿真和海试数据处理结果表明,与直接提取目标线谱实现探测的方法相比,所提出方法有以下几个优势:(1)将目标线谱多普勒相位线性化,线谱跟踪更为稳定连续;(2)将目标线谱频带展宽的能量重新集中到原频率附近,在低信噪比环境下能更好地提取目标线谱;(3)将干扰线谱瞬时频率非线性化,能更好地实现干扰线谱的分离。海试数据处理结果表明,实现了对远至16.8 km处空中运动目标的水下有效探测,探测能力与抗干扰能力明显增强。     

潜射导弹出水载荷数值算法研究

潜射导弹在水中航行时,表面被空泡包围,这就造成其出水时,带来较大的载荷冲击. 出水冲击载荷需要知道整个表面上的压力分布,但是这在工程实践中是不可能实现的. 本文采用有限元流固耦合仿真程序,对潜射导弹整个出水过程进行数值模拟. 根据数值计算结果,依据理论力学的基本原理,计算出潜射导弹所受到的冲击力与冲击力矩,利用NASTRAN 瞬态载荷解算器,计算出潜射导弹各截面最大响应弯矩. 结果表明,本文提出的方法能够对潜射导弹出水过程提供数值预测与安全评估.     

基于固态功率控制器的器载配电器的BIT设计技术研究[BT)]

航空航天飞行器发展迅速,用电设备数量增多,飞行任务复杂性增大,对飞行器配电系统的智能程度以及可靠性提出更高要求。配电器是配电系统的核心设备,为飞行器所有用电负载设备分配电能,其性能的优劣直接影响到飞行任务的成败,BIT（Built-In Test）技术是一种能够显著改善系统或设备测试性能和诊断能力的重要手段。研究了以固态功率控制器为核心器件的配电系统总体方案,对固态功率控制器的故障模式与测试方法进行了分析,给出了测试点设计和优选方法,通过故障诊断能力计算结果表明BIT设计技术可提高配电系统的可靠性和智能化程度。     

具备重构能力的三模冗余器载计算机研究

器载计算机是航天器电气系统的重要组成部分,需要冗余技术来满足其高可靠性运行要求。为了保证航天器上计算机在出现异常故障时仍能正常工作,对传统三模容错结构、具有降级功能的三模容余结构的体系结构、算法原理、关键技术等内容进行了研究。综合使用多种检测机制确保可靠锁定故障机,基于故障机无法修复时再逐步降级使用的策略,以正常工作的当班机为基础,通过故障机在每个流程的开始读取刷新后的当班机指针和重要状态参数并在流程的结束向当班机发送同步请求的方式,提出了一种具备重构能力的三模冗余器载计算机设计方案,设计了三模冗余重构流程,使故障机具备自修复的能力。实践表明,该重构方法能有效地提高器载计算机系统的可靠性,对高可靠器载计算机设计与实现具有较好的工程参考意义。     

基于拜占庭故障模式的空天飞行器GNC系统架构研究

针对空天飞行器对GNC系统的高可靠性需求,开展了基于拜占庭故障模式的GNC系统架构研究,采用四机三总线架构设计方案,通过系统内总线实现输入数据及输出数据多机冗余比对,防止拜占庭故障的发生,提升了系统可靠性,实现了系统自检测和故障的准确定位及隔离,并具有在线故障诊断、故障自修复功能,同时解决了高动态、强干扰环境下系统自主性较差的问题,提升了GNC系统可靠性和容错性;经分析,该系统架构能够满足空天飞行器在轨、再入复杂任务需求。     

短纤维增强EPDM包覆薄膜超弹性本构模型

短纤维增强三元乙丙橡胶(EPDM)包覆薄膜用于一种新型缠绕包覆工艺,主要解决复杂构型自由装填药柱外表面可靠性包覆问题.为了描述其在固体火箭发动机工作过程中产生的大变形、非线性和各向异性等力学行为,根据纤维增强复合材料连续介质力学理论,提出了各向异性超弹性本构模型.该模型中单位体积的应变能函数被解耦成两部分:表征各向同性的橡胶基体应变能和表征各向异性的纤维拉伸应变能,通过引入纤维方向对纤维应变能进行修正,给出了通过单轴拉伸、偏轴拉伸实验数据获取模型参数的具体方法.研究结果表明,该模型能够很好地预测材料在纤维方向0°~45°时的各向异性力学特性,并将预测结果与实验数据对比,误差在5%以下.所建立的各向异性超弹性本构模型准确性高、易于实现数值开发,在一定程度上能够为固体火箭发动机的装药结构完整性分析提供理论依据.     

The first chlorofluoride in niobium cluster chemistry structure of the double salt: NaxNb7F21−yCly (x ~ 2; y ~ 8)

The new compound Na_xNb₇F_{21 − y}Cl_y (x ~ 2 ; y ~ 8) synthesized by solid state chemistry crystallizes in the cubic system (space group Pm-3m) with a = 8.2005 (9) Å. The structure has been determined by X-ray diffraction on single crystal; it is related to that of Nb₆F₁₅. However, in the title compound, only one Nb₆Fⁱ_{poststaggered12}F^a-a_{poststaggered6/2} subnetwork is preserved. The second one is replaced by (NbFe)ⁿ⁻ entities. Additional Na⁺ cations provide the cohesion of the structure. We present here this new structure and discuss the possible oxidation states of the single niobium atom inside the (NbF₆)ⁿ⁻ entities and the valency electron concentration (VEC) of the Nb₆ cluster.     

Joint User Scheduling,Relay Selection,and Power Allocation for Multi-Antenna Opportunistic Beamforming Systems

Opportunistic beamforming (OBF) is a potential technique in the fifth generation (5G) and beyond 5G (B5G) that can boost the performance of communication systems and encourage high user quality of service (QoS) through multi-user selection gain. However, the achievable rate tends to be saturated with the increased number of users, when the number of users is large. To further improve the achievable rate, we proposed a multi-antenna opportunistic beamforming-based relay (MOBR) system, which can achieve both multi-user and multi-relay selection gains. Then, an optimization problem is formulated to maximize the achievable rate. Nevertheless, the optimization problem is a non-deterministic polynomial (NP)-hard problem, and it is difficult to obtain an optimal solution. In order to solve the proposed optimization problem, we divide it into two suboptimal issues and apply a joint iterative algorithm to consider both the suboptimal issues. Our simulation results indicate that the proposed system achieved a higher achievable rate than the conventional OBF systems and outperformed other beamforming schemes with low feedback information.     

双模冗余器载计算机设计与实现

器载计算机是航天器电气系统的重要组成部分,其可靠性对航天器能否完成任务至关重要。为了保证航天器上计算机在出现故障时仍能正常工作,对双机冗余器载计算机的体系结构、切换策略、判别准则等内容进行了研究,在保留主份机与双机切换电路、备份机与双机切换电路之间的状态工作信号的基础上,通过在主份机、备份机之间新增加一个状态工作信号,提出了一种改进的自主切换策略。实践表明,运用改进的自主切换策略,在双机切换电路中的自主切换模块出现故障时仍能实现自主切换,同时将比较器设计为软件,采用软件表决、软件选通的思路,消除了硬件比较器的关键单点故障,这些容错设计改进能有效地提高器载计算机系统的可靠性,对高可靠器载计算机设计与实现具有较好的工程参考意义。