Porous Molybdenum Phosphide Nano‐Octahedrons Derived from Confined Phosphorization in UIO‐66 for Efficient Hydrogen Evolution

Herein, a series of porous nano‐structured carbocatalysts have been fused and decorated by Mo‐based composites, such as Mo₂C, MoN, and MoP, to form a hybrid structures. Using the open porosity derived from the pyrolysis of metal–organic frameworks (MOFs), the highly dispersive MoO₂ small nanoparticles can be deposited in porous carbon by chemical vapor deposition (CVD). Undergoing different treatments of carbonization, nitridation, and phosphorization, the Mo₂C‐, MoN‐, and MoP‐decorated carbocatalysts can be selectively prepared with un‐changed morphology. Among these Mo‐based composites, the MoP@Porous carbon (MoP@PC) composites exhibited remarkable catalytic activity for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) in 0.5 m H₂SO₄ aqueous solution versus MoO₂@PC, Mo₂C@PC, and MoN@PC. This study gives a promising family of multifunctional lab‐on‐a‐particle architectures which shed light on energy conversion and fuel‐cell catalysis.     

基于6 mm检测皿近红外测量光谱iPLS模型识别复原驼乳参伪水解动物蛋白的研究

驼乳因具较高的营养价值和独特的保健作用，已逐渐成为广大消费者所信赖的保健乳制品。由于驼乳产量小而其市场价值高，为在驼乳中参杂参伪提供了利润上的操作空间。随着国家对乳制品中非法添加三聚氰胺的严打态势进一步加强，劣质水解动物蛋白以其高蛋白含量、价格低廉和非法添加隐蔽性强等特点逐渐成为乳制品中参伪的新宠。防范和打击驼乳中参伪劣质水解动物蛋白成为了消费者和驼乳产业从业人员共同面临的巨大挑战，如何快速、便捷、低成本检测驼乳当中参伪动物水解蛋白成为亟待解决的问题。随着近红外光谱分析技术的飞速发展，其分析速度快、成本低、样品无需前处理、操作简便等优点逐渐在石油化工、食品、农业、医药等诸多领域得到广泛应用。采用6 mm测样皿的近红外光谱仪对驼乳参伪不同含量的动物水解蛋白进行测量获得原始光谱矩阵，采用一阶导数、SNV、SG卷积平滑法、一阶导数+SG平滑法、一阶导数+SNV、SG+SNV等方法对原始光谱进行预处理，以全光谱10个主成分回归模型为评价，通过比较原始光谱在不做任何预处理为本体系建立iPLS模型最佳光谱。通过调整主成分计算规模，确定了最佳主成分计算规模为10个。通过调整区间划分数量，以其对应的模型的R2和RMSECV值为评价标准，最终确定了最佳区间划分数量为30。通过实验和计算，在7 887.87~7 590.87 cm-1区间得到了主成分数6，相关系数0.945 1，RMSECV值0.200 1为驼乳掺伪水解动物蛋白最佳预测模型。经内部交互验证，该模型在本体系可以很好地预测复原驼乳中掺伪水解动物蛋白的情况，为相关领域研究提供技术参考。     

Perfect State Transfer on Weighted Abelian Cayley Graphs*

Recently, there are extensive studies on perfect state transfer (PST for short) on graphs due to their significant applications in quantum information processing and quantum computations. However, there is not any general characterization of graphs that have PST in literature. In this paper, the authors present a depiction on weighted abelian Cayley graphs having PST. They give a unified approach to describe the periodicity and the existence of PST on some specific graphs.     

Reflected and refracted electromagnetic fields in a semi-infinite body

We compute the reflected and refracted electromagnetic fields for an ideal semi-infinite body (either a plasma or a dielectric), as well as the reflection coefficient, by using a general approach based on the polarization equation of motion and electromagnetic potentials. The method consists of representing the charge disturbances by a displacement field in the positions of the moving charges. The propagation of an electromagnetic wave in matter is treated by means of the retarded electromagnetic potentials, and the resulting integral equations are solved. Generalized Fresnel’s relations are thereby obtained for any incidence angle and polarization and the angles of total polarization and total reflection are derived (the latter for the plasma). Bulk and surface plasmon–polariton modes are also identified for the plasma. As it is well known, the field inside the plasma is either damped (evanescent) or propagating (transparency regime), and the reflection coefficient exhibits an abrupt enhancement on passing from the propagating regime to the damped one (total reflection).     

Determination of activation energies of the U(Mo)/Si and U(Mo)/Al solid state reaction using in-situ X-ray diffraction and Kissinger analysis

The solid state reaction between U(Mo) and Si, leading to the formation of silicides, has been studied using in-situ X-ray Diffraction. Samples were prepared by sputter depositing Si in thin layers on U(Mo) substrates (8 wt% Mo) and vice versa. In a similar way the reaction between U(Mo) and Al has been studied using U(Mo) substrates covered with a thin layer of Al. The samples were heated to temperatures up to 950 °C in a static purified helium atmosphere. Even though the measurements were hampered by the undesired oxidation of uranium, the formation of various silicides and aluminides could be observed. Kissinger analysis on ramp anneals with ramp rates of 0.2, 0.5, 1 and 3 °C/s have been performed to investigate the kinetics of the formed silicides. Using this method, the apparent activation energy for the different silicide formation reactions was deduced. Using the effective heat of formation rule, a prediction was made on the first phase formed and the subsequent phase sequence. A good agreement was found between the measurements and prediction.     

Crystal structures and luminescence of a series of cadmium(II) complexes based on isophorone derivative containing imidazolyl

Three new complexes, [CdL₂(CH₃COO)₂(H₂O)₂] (I), CdL₂Br₂ (II), CdL₂I₂ (III), have been successfully synthesized by self-assembly of corresponding metal salts with (E)-2-(3-(4-(1H-imidazole-1-yl)styryl)-5,5-dimethylcyclohex-2-enylidene)malononitrile (L). The structures of the complexes were determined by single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis (CIF file CCDC nos. 957831 (I), 957792 (II), 957832 (III)). In complex I, central metal is six-coordinated and the crystal packing shows a 3D supramolecular framework. Complexes II and III display the similar 2D supramolecular structures in which the central metals are four-coordination. The luminescent properties were investigated.     

银纳米簇荧光探针测定水样中铜(Ⅱ)

制备了银纳米簇并考察其光学性能,最大吸收波长和荧光激发波长均在340 nm,荧光发射波长为462 nm。Cu2+可使银纳米簇的荧光发生明显猝灭,且其它金属离子干扰较小。依据Cu2+银纳米簇荧光强度猝灭率与Cu2+的相关性,建立了Cu2+测定方法,采用4参数S曲线方程拟合,对Cu2+检出限为0.1μmol/L。方法用于水样中Cu2+检测,可以满足环境水样中Cu2+的检测要求。     

眼波前像差仿真实验研究

像差是衡量光学仪器成像质量的主要指标,在眼科临床波前像差检测对视觉质量评估具有重要作用。本文介绍了波前像差的基本理论,基于Zernike多项式通过仿真分别给出人眼1-4阶共14项波前像差图,可为教学服务,也可为临床医师提供科学参考。     

Characterization of Pd/TiO2 embedded in multi-walled carbon nanotube catalyst with a high photocatalytic activity

Pd particles loading on TiO₂-embedded multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs), MWCNTs, and TiO₂ particles were prepared via an impregnation method with palladium(II) chlorate solution followed by heat treatment at high temperature. To characterize the catalysts, BET surface area, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, energy dispersive X-ray, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy were employed. The prepared catalysts were tested in degradation of methyl orange under visible light. Pd/TiO₂-MWCNTs catalyst demonstrates the highest photocatalytic activity, and the phase transformation from PdO to Pd0 phase takes place at heat treatment of embedded TiO₂. The nanoparticles size of TiO₂ can be decreased by introduction of MWCNTs species. Combining structural characterization with kinetic study results we could conclude that the superior catalytic performance could arise due to the Pd/TiO₂-MWCNTs catalyst’s structure.     

Two-Dimensional GaTe/Bi2Se3 Heterostructure: a Promising Direct Z-scheme Water Splitting Photocatalyst

Among various photocatalytic materials, Z-scheme photocatalysts have drawn tremendous research interest due to high photocatalytic performance in solar water splitting. Here, we perform extensive hybrid density functional theory calculations to explore electronic structures, interfacial charge transfer, electrostatic potential profile, optical absorption properties, and photocatalytic properties of a proposed two-dimensional (2D) small-lattice-mismatched GaTe/Bi\begin{document}$ _2 $\end{document}Se\begin{document}$ _3 $\end{document} heterostructure. Theoretical results clearly reveal that the examined heterostructure with a small direct band gap can effectively harvest the broad spectrum of the incoming sunlight. Due to the relative strong interfacial built-in electric field in the heterostructure and the small band gap between the valence band maximum of GaTe monolayer and the conduction band minimum of Bi\begin{document}$ _2 $\end{document}Se\begin{document}$ _3 $\end{document} nanosheet with slight band edge bending, these photogenerated carriers transfer via Z-scheme pathway, which results in the photogenerated electrons and holes effectively separating into the GaTe monolayer and the Bi\begin{document}$ _2 $\end{document}Se\begin{document}$ _3 $\end{document} nanosheet for the hydrogen and oxygen evolution reactions, respectively. Our results imply that the artificial 2D GaTe/Bi\begin{document}$ _2 $\end{document}Se\begin{document}$ _3 $\end{document} is a promising Z-scheme photocatalyst for overall solar water splitting.