静电加速管中强流空间电荷效应的研究

 对一种工业用大功率电子加速器(450kW)的加速管中的空间电荷效应作了5点假设，建立了物理模型。对模型的束内外径向电位分布、空间电荷对轴上电位的影响，以及空间电荷力对束流传输的影响等进行了理论分析，得到了束内径向电位分布。结果表明：束流内部径向电位沿径向均呈抛物线变化，并在轴上达到最小值；而空间电荷产生的束内电场与半径呈线性变化；空间电荷不仅会引起轴上电位的跌落，而且对束流有发散作用，特别是在电子速度较低时更为明显。在考虑了空间电荷效应后，强流静电加速管的电场设计关键在加速管的前端，与弱流加速管相比，强流加速管的电场变化要大得多。     

Structure and magnetic properties of nanocrystalline ferromagnets (II)

The role of magnetoelastic coupling effects in nanocrystalline ferromagnets is investigated by means of high-field magnetization and Doppler-broadening spectrum measurements. For the nanocrystalline Fe_{73 5}Cu₁Nb₃Si_13.5B₉ alloy, the results show that the pinning effects resulting from the quasidislocation dipole intensely influence the movement of domain wall; by coupling with the magnetostriction the defects-induced stress fields determine the magnetic properties at the early stage of crystallization. In view of the effective anisotropy and magnetoelastic coupling energy the optimal annealing conditions of alloys are discussed.     

Comparative investigation of up-conversion luminescence in Tm/Yb-codoped germanate-niobic and germanium-bismuth glasses: effect of phonon density on up-conversion emission

Tm³⁺/Yb³⁺-codoped germanate-niobic (GN) and germanium-bismuth (GB) glasses have been synthesized by conventional melting and quenching method. Intense blue and weak red emissions centered at 477 and 650 nm, corresponding to the transitions ¹G₄→³H₆ and ¹G₄→³H₄, respectively, were observed at room temperature. The possible up-conversion mechanisms are discussed and estimated. GN glass showed a weaker up-conversion emission than GB glass, which is inconsistent with the prediction from the difference of maximum phonon energy between GN and GB glasses. In this paper, Raman spectroscopy was employed to investigate the origin of the difference in up-conversion luminescence in the two glasses. Compared with phonon side-band spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy extracts more information including both phonon energy and phonon density. For the first time, our results reveal that, besides the maximum phonon energy, the phonon density of host glasses is also an important factor in determining the up-conversion efficiency.     

Thermal conductance for single wall carbon nanotubes

We report a theoretical analysis of the phonon thermal conductance, κ(T), for single wall carbon nanotubes (SWCN). In a range of low temperatues up to 100 K, κ(T) of perfect SWCN is found to increase with temperature, approximately, in a parabolic fashion. This is qualitatively consistent with recent experimental measurements where the tube-tube interactions are negligibly weak. When the carbon-carbon bond length is slightly varied, κ(T) is found to be qualitatively unaltered which implies that the anharmonic effect does not change the qualitative behavior of κ(T). Received 12 June 2001     

Synthesis and characterization of white‐light‐emitting polyfluorenes containing orange phosphorescent moieties in the side chain

Two orange phosphorescent iridium complex monomers, 9‐hexyl‐9‐(iridium (III)bis(2‐(4′‐fluorophenyl)‐4‐phenylquinoline‐N,C^2′)(tetradecanedionate‐11,13))‐2,7‐dibromofluorene (Br‐PIr) and 9‐hexyl‐9‐(iridium(III)bis(2‐(4′‐fluorophenyl)‐4‐methylquinoline‐N,C^2′)(tetradecanedionate‐11,13))‐2,7‐dibromofluorene (Br‐MIr), were successfully synthesized. The Suzuki polycondensation of 2,7‐bis(trimethylene boronate)‐9,9‐dioctylfluorene with 2,7‐dibromo‐9,9‐dioctylfluorene and Br‐PIr or Br‐MIr afforded two series of copolymers, PIrPFs and MIrPFs, in good yields, in which the concentrations of the phosphorescent moieties were kept small (0.5–3 mol % feed ratio) to realize incomplete energy transfer. The photoluminescence (PL) of the copolymers showed blue‐ and orange‐emission peaks. A white‐light‐emitting diode with a configuration of indium tin oxide/poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate)/PIr05PF (0.5 mol % feed ratio of Br‐PIr)/Ca/Al exhibited a luminous efficiency of 4.49 cd/A and a power efficiency of 2.35 lm/W at 6.0 V with Commission Internationale de L'Eclairage (CIE) coordinates of (0.46, 0.33). The CIE coordinates were improved to (0.34, 0.33) when copolymer MIr10PF (1.0 mol % feed ratio of Br‐MIr) was employed as the white‐emissive layer. The strong orange emission in the electroluminescence spectra in comparison with PL for these kinds of polymers was attributed to the additional contribution of charge trapping in the phosphorescent dopants. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. JPolym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 45: 1746–1757, 2007     

Explicit Confinement Effect on the Helicity Amplitudes of the Low-Lying Nucleon Resonances

Calculations of helicity amplitudes for the low-lying nucleon resonances are displayed based on a non-relativistic constituent quark model with a harmonic oscillator confinement. The explicit effect of quark confinement isshown. Our results show that the effect plays sizable role on some transition amplitudes of S11(1535) and D13(1520)resonances. The effect on the △(1232) transition amplitudes islessthan 10%. However, the effect on the Roper resonanceis remarkable but is inconclusive.     

Renormalization group dependence of the QCD coupling

The general relation between the standard expansion coefficients and the beta function for the QCD coupling is exactly derived in a mathematically strict way. It is accordingly found that an infinite number of logarithmic terms are lost in the standard expansion with a finite order, and these lost terms can be given in a closed form. Numerical calculations, by a new matching-invariant coupling with the corresponding beta function to four-loop level, show that the new expansion converges much faster.     

500.8 nmNd∶YAG青光激光器光学薄膜的设计与制备

从双波长激光运转及和频的机理出发，对LD泵浦Nd∶YAG，LBO腔内和频500.8 nm〖JP2〗青光激光器所使用的光学薄膜进行了设计和制备.在激光反射镜的设计上，为了达到最佳的和频输出，对膜系要求进行了深入分析.采用对谐振腔一端面反射率固定不变并通过对另一腔镜基频光的透射率进行调谐的方法, 在给出合理初始结构后，利用计算机对膜厚进行了优化.并采用双离子束溅射沉积的方法，通过时间监控膜厚法成功制备出青光激光器所使用的全介质激光反射膜, 在室温下实现946 nm和1064 nm双波长连续运转，并通过Ⅰ类临界相位匹配LBO晶体腔内和频在国内首次实现500.8 nm青色激光连续输出.当泵浦注入功率为1.4 W时和频青光最大输出达20 mW.     

Upconversion luminescence of Tm^3＋/Yb^3＋ codoped oxyfluoride glasses

Novel oxyfluoride glasses are developed with the composition of 30SiO2-15Al2O3-28PbF2-22CdF2-0.1TmF3 - xYbF3 - （4.9 - x） AlF3（x=0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0） in tool fraction, Furthermore, the upconversion luminescence characteristics under a 970nm excitation are investigated. Intense blue, red and near infrared luminescences peaked at 453nm, 476nm, 647nm and 789nm, which correspond to the transitions of Tm^3＋： ^1D2 →^3F4, ^1G4 →^3H6, ^1G4 →^3F4, and ^3H4 →^3H6, respectively, are observed. Due to the sensitization of Yb^3＋ ions, all the upconversion luminescence intensities are enhanced considerably with Yb^3＋ concentration increasing. The upconversion mechanisms are discussed based on the energy matching rule and quadratic dependence on excitation power. The results indicate that the dominant mechanism is the excited state absorption for those upconversion emissions.     

具有高机械强度的掺Er~(3 )∶TeO_2-Nb_2O_5玻璃的光谱性质研究

熔制了掺铒碲铌玻璃样品(100-X)TeO2-XNb2O5(X=5,10,15,20mol%),测试了其密度、折射率、转变温度、析晶温度、维氏机械强度、吸收光谱、荧光光谱、荧光寿命等参量。利用Judd-Ofelt和McCumber理论分别计算了铒离子强度参量Ωt(t=2,4,6)和受激发射截面σemi的大小,研究了掺铒碲铌玻璃样品光谱参量对Nb2O5成分的依赖性,并与典型的碲锌钠玻璃(75TeO2-20ZnO-5Na2O)在热学、机械强度、光谱性质和放大品行四个方面进行了比较.