Properties and structure of oxidized coatings deposited onto Al-Cu and Al-Mg alloys

The results of new studies of creating protective oxide coatings based on Al₂O₃ (Si, Mn) and deposited onto aluminum alloys using electrolyte-plasma oxidation are presented. An analysis is performed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) with energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), X-ray diffraction, Rutherford backscattering of ⁴He⁺ and protons, nanoindentation, scratching, friction coefficient measurements, and acoustic emission measurements. The results demonstrate that the deposited coatings have a high quality, hardness, and wear resistance and a low thermal diffusivity. Apart from Al₂O₃, the coatings are found to have Si, Mn, C, and Ca. The stoichiometry of the coatings is determined. The density and hardness of the coatings are close to those of ??-Al₂O₃ in the coating on an Al-Cu (D-16) substrate, and these values of the coating on an Al-Mg (S006) are lower by a factor of 1.5.     

Effect of Oat β-Glucan on the Rheological Characteristics and Microstructure of Set-Type Yogurt

The oat β-glucan (OG) was added into set-type yogurt as a functional ingredient, in order to evaluate effects on the rheological characteristics and microstructure of set-type yogurt. When the OG concentration increased from 0 to 0.3%, the WHC gradually increased. At 0.3% OG, the set-type yogurt had the highest WHC of 94.67%. Additionally, the WHC continuously decreased, reaching the lowest WHC (about 80%) at 0.5% OG. When 0.3% OG was added, the highest score of sensory evaluation was about 85. The rheological result showed that the fermentation process went through the changes as follows: solid → liquid → solid → liquid. The addition of 0.3% OG decreased the fermentation time of set-type yogurt by about 16 min, making yogurt more inclined to be liquid. The acidity of set-type yogurt with OG was slightly higher. The result of microstructure showed that the addition of OG destroyed the three-dimensional network structure of yogurt, and some spherical aggregate particles could be clearly observed at 0.3% OG. Overall, this study provided a theoretical basis for the application of OG in set-type yogurt.     

Thermal stability of the phase composition,structure, and stressed state of ion-plasma condensates in the Zr-Ti-Si-N system

The results of studying the effect of high-tempera ture annealing in vacuum and in air on the phase composition, structure, and stressed state of ion-plasma condensates in the Zr-Ti-Si-N system are reported. In going from air annealing to vacuum annealing, the amount of active oxygen atoms decreases and the phase composition of the condensate remains stable to 1000°C or higher. A change in the crystal phase composition shows up, for the first place, in the crystallization of silicon nitride with the intense formation of hexagonal β-Si₃N₄ crystallites and also in the feeble formation of ZrO₂ dioxide. The latter process does not lead to the decomposition of the (Zr, Ti)N solid solution: it merely increases the partial concentration of the titanium component.     

Formation of island structures in the course of deposition of weakly supersaturated aluminum vapors

The formation of island structures in the course of deposition of weakly supersaturated aluminum vapors is investigated by transmission electron (TEM) and scanning electron (SEM) microscopies and electron microdiffraction. The aluminum layers are prepared by dc magnetron sputtering in a high-purity Ar atmosphere. The conditions of formation of statistically homogeneous nanocrystalline layers depend on the deposition temperature and the partial pressures of Ar and reactive gases. The wetting angle between islands and the substrate is calculated from the derived relationships as a function of the condensation temperature.     

基于柔性双(甲基苯并咪唑)和羧酸配体的Cd(Ⅱ)/Co(Ⅱ)/Zn(Ⅱ)配合物的合成和表征

通过水热或溶剂热合成的方法制备了3个Cd（Ⅱ）/Co（Ⅱ）/Zn（Ⅱ）配位聚合物[Cd（hbmb）_0.5（pta）]_n（1），[Co（hbmb）（1，4-bdc）]_n（2）和{[Zn₂（hbmb）_1.5（bptc）（H₂O）]·0.5hbmb·3H₂O}_n（3）（hbmb=1，1''-（1，6-己烷）双-（2-甲基苯并咪唑），H₂pta=邻羧基苯乙酸，1，4-H₂bdc=1，4-苯二乙酸，H₄bptc=3，3''，4，4''-二苯甲酮四羧酸））。单晶结构解析表明配合物1是一个4-连接的二维平面网络，拓扑符号为（4⁴·6²）。配合物2是一个4-连接的二维褶皱网络，拓扑符号为（4²·6）（4²·6³·8）。配合物3是一个（3，4，4）-连接的三重穿插网络，拓扑符号为（4²·6²·8²）（4·6²）（4·6⁴·8）。其中配合物1属于单斜晶系，空间群为P2₁/c，a=0.758 32（15） nm，b=1.452 8（3） nm，c=1.911 3（5） nm，β=112.26（3）°，Z=4；配合物2属于单斜晶系，空间群为P2₁/n，a=1.090 8（2） nm，b=1.873 1（4） nm，c=1.301 9（3） nm，β=91.09（3）°，Z=4；配合物3属于三斜晶系，空间群为P1，a=1.119 6（2） nm，b=1.481 2（3） nm，c=1.926 6（4） nm，α=89.72（3）°，β=87.65（3）°，γ=68.28（3）°，Z=2。