HSA-磷钼杂多酸缔合纳米微粒体系荧光猝灭机理研究

在pH 7.40的Tris-HCl缓冲溶液中, 磷钼杂多酸(PMA)呈浅黄色,在可见光区没有明显的吸收峰;人血清白蛋白(HSA) 呈无色,在可见光区也没有明显的吸收峰,但在350 nm处有一荧光峰。当有PMA存在时,HSA与PMA形成缔合纳米微粒, HSA-PMA缔合纳米微粒的粒径约为80 nm。经研究发现HSA对PMA有增色和减色效应,PMA对HSA有荧光猝灭作用;PMA对色氨酸(Trp)和酪氨酸(Tyr)也有一定的荧光猝灭作用,但这两种荧光猝灭机理不同,且没有形成缔合纳米微粒。PMA对色氨酸(Trp)和酪氨酸的荧光猝灭作用主要是由于PMA 在发射波长范围内存在一定的分子吸收,即通常所报道过的能量转移所至。研究结果表明,HSA-PMA缔合纳米微粒和界面的形成是导致该体系的荧光猝灭、共振散射增强及增色和减色效应的根本原因。     

残余应力下厚壁筒表面裂纹的应力强度因子计算

本文首先介绍了边界元法计算裂纹尖端应力强度因子的基本理论,接着利用边界元法计算了在残余应力下不同厚壁筒内表面椭圆裂纹的应力强度因子,研究了其大不随椭圆裂纹不同而变化的规律,为厚壁筒结构的设计,制造以及疲劳寿命分析提供了许多有价值的参考资料。     

立方氮化硼(c-BN)薄膜生长特性研究

用射频等离子体增强热丝化学气相沉积（ＲＦ－ＨＦＣＶＤ）技术在Ｓｉ,Ｎｉ衬底表面合成了ｃ－ＢＮ膜,结果表明,热丝温度,衬底温度等工艺参量及衬底材料的结构特性是影响ｃ－ＢＮ薄膜生长的主要因素。     

弹丸侵彻混凝土的SPH算法

给出了弹丸侵彻混凝土的数值计算,其中弹体作为刚体处理并划分成Lagrangian标准有限元网格,而混凝土划分成光滑粒子并经历大应变、高应变率和高压作用。为了描述混凝土的非线性变形及断裂特性,在计算中引入了Holmquist Johnson Cook本构模型及损伤模型。计算结果与实验结果的对比表明,利用光滑粒子流体动力学方法对混凝土材料进行大应变、高应变率的变形计算是有效的,并可避免网格重分或网格消蚀。此外,将光滑粒子流体动力学方法和有限元方法结合可以保持计算过程中材料界面的清晰。     

Synthesis of 3‐Aryl‐5‐t‐butylsalicylaldehydes and their Chiral Schiff Base Compounds

Six meta‐substituted salicylaldehyde compounds have been prepared in 68–90% yields by the Suzuki–Miyaura coupling reaction using 3‐bromo‐5‐t‐butylsalicylaldehyde (1a) and arylboronic acids (2a–f) as reactants. Among the obtained products, 3‐(4‐fluorophenyl)‐5‐t‐butylsalicylaldehyde (3b), 3‐(4‐methylphenyl)‐5‐t‐butylsalicylaldehyde (3d), 3‐(1‐naphthyl)‐5‐t‐butylsalicylaldehyde (3e), and 3‐(2‐naphthyl)‐5‐t‐butylsalicylaldehyde (3f) have not been reported so far. A series of new Schiff base ligands (L1–L10) were obtained in 51–89% yields from these salicylaldehyde derivatives.     

Design of high‐performance chlorine type dyes for dye‐sensitized solar cells

Intrinsic defect of electronic structure for the chlorine‐type porphyrin 1, which was synthesized for use in dye‐sensitized solar cell (DSSC), is found by theoretical calculation including density functional method (DFT), time‐dependent DFT, and C+/C? function. It is believed that the limited cell performance obtained by using dye 1 as the sensitizer is due to the existence of this electronic defect. To avoid this defect, a series of novel molecules with electron deficient π bridge were designed. The subsequent theoretical calculation indicated that the electron deficient π bridge in the newly designed molecule is quite effective in offsetting the electronic defect observed for dye 1. The parameters for the designed molecules closely associated with open‐circuit voltage and short‐circuit current density including dipole moment of dye vertical to the surface of semiconductor and light‐harvesting efficiency were then evaluated. By comparing these parameters of designed dyes with those of dye 1, we can predict that the DSSC based on dye 4 (2, 6‐cyan benzoic acid as anchoring group) should possess enhanced performance, which would be a valuable theoretical guidance for the practical work. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.     

双群模型在偏滤器材料溅射研究中的应用

为了估计偏滤器靶板材料的腐蚀速率和寿命，应用基于离子输运双群模型的溅射理论计算了聚变带电粒子H^ 、D^ 、T^ 和α粒子轰周Mo、W和Li偏滤器靶板表面的溅射产额，并与蒙特卡罗方法的计算结果作了比较。这些数据对估计对等离子体部件的寿命和堆芯等离子体中的杂质水平是有意义的。     

用快速低温冷冻和ESK方法分析兔脂肪栓塞脑组织中自由基

用快速低温冷冻-ESR实验方法研究兔脂肪栓塞模型脑组织自由基的变化,实验发现脂肪栓塞实验组自由基相对浓度是正常对照组的2-3倍。ESR检测到脂类过氧化自由基和以碳为中心的烷基类自由基的事实表明脂肪栓塞病变存在活性氧自由基作用过程。文中对快速冷冻法可行性进行评估。     

铁氧体与金属玻璃脉冲磁性能比较

 简要介绍了在直线感应加速器（LIA）中对所用磁性材料的要求，列举了国外在LIA中使用金属玻璃（非晶磁性材料）替代铁氧体磁环的实例。在非晶和铁氧体磁环静态磁性能测试的基础上，对两种材料的脉冲性能做了深入研究，实验研究表明在脉冲状态下，两者的饱和磁密均远大于静态饱和磁密。这一现象对实际应用很有价值。     

长链脂肪酸稀土络合体系的光致发光现象研究

本文合成了两烯长链脂肪酸和铕的二元配合物，进而以邻菲罗淋作为第二配体制得三元配合物，是很好的光致发光物质，元素分析及FTIR光谱初步确定了结构，分别为Eu(L1)32H2O,Eu(L1)3phen,Eu(L2)32H2O,Eu(L2)3phen(L1=月桂酸根、L2=硬脂酸根），长链脂肪酸通过羧酸双齿螯合配位，运用紫外吸收光谱和荧光光谱进一步讨论其发光机理。通过TEM电镜研究了配合物掺杂在高分子中的形貌与颗粒大小等分布情况。