Ag偏离化学计量比Ag1-xPb18SbTe20材料的热电传输性能

采用熔融-淬火-放电等离子体烧结制备了Ag偏离化学计量比Ag1-xPb18SbTe20(x=0,0.25,0.50,0.75)样品,研究了Ag含量对样品热电传输性能的影响.结果表明,随Ag含量降低,样品中出现少量第二相Sb2Te3,样品载流子浓度增加到5×1018cm-3后不再增加.样品载流子迁移率随Ag含量降低先降低后增加,随着温度增加,载流子散射机理由电离杂质散射转变为声学波散射.随Ag含量降低,样品电导率增加而Seebeck系数降低,热导率增加.     

M元混沌扩频多通道Pattern时延差编码水声通信

Pattern时延差编码水声通信体制利用信息码元的时延值调制信息,他的抗多途扩展干扰能力与码型种类及码型脉宽有关.扩频通信可获得扩频增益,可胜任远程水声通信,但其通信速率低是使用受限的重要原因.提出将扩频通信与Pattern时延差编码水声通信体制相结合,并采用M元扩频、多通道工作方式,构成一种新的适用于水声环境的通信方案,既可获得扩频通信的优良性能,又可提高通信速率.湖试结果验证了本文提出的M元混沌扩频多通道Pattern时延差编码水声通信方案的鲁棒性及可行性.     

近化学计量比Ce∶Mn∶LiNbO3晶体光折变性能研究

在LiNbO3中掺进0.015mass%MnCO3和 0.1mass%CeO2,以Czchralski法生长Li/Nb比为1.38的近化学计量比Ce∶Mn∶LiNbO3(Ce∶Mn∶SLN)晶体和Li/Nb比为0.946的同成分Ce∶Mn∶LiNbO3(Ce∶Mn∶CLN)晶体.测试了晶体的红外光谱和紫外可见吸收光谱,讨论了Ce∶Mn∶SLN晶体OH－吸收峰和吸收边移动机理.利用二波耦合光路测试了晶体的指数增益系数,Ce∶Mn∶SLN晶体指数增益系数Γ达到27 cm2－.同时,研究了Ce∶Mn∶SLN指数增益系数提高的机理.     

10－6—10－4m2/s黏度液体中靶受力学作用的测试与分析

通过自行研制的光纤传感器对不同黏度液体中材料靶后的力学作用进行研究，获得了液体黏度变化对等离子体烧蚀力、射流冲击力及空泡生存周期的影响. 实验结果表明：液体黏度相同时，靶材所受冲击力幅值随作用激光能量的增加单调上升；液体黏度增加时，靶材所受的冲击力减小，靶材的空化空蚀程度亦减小；受液体黏度增大的影响，空泡膨胀或收缩过程减缓，相应的生存周期也增大. 此外，对空泡溃灭周期公式进行修正, 结果表明修正后的理论估算值与实验值的一致性较好.     

芴-咔唑新型共聚物/PVK掺杂体系的电致发光特性研究

研究了新型的芴-咔唑共聚物(PFC)与聚乙烯咔唑(PVK)掺杂体系的光致发光和电致发光特性.制备了结构分别为indium-tin-oxide(ITO)/PVK:PFC/bathocuproine(BCP)/tris-(8-hydroxylquinoline)-aluminum (Alq₃) /Mg:Ag，ITO/PFC/BCP/Alq₃/Mg∶Ag和ITO/PVK/BCP/Alq₃/Mg∶Ag的三种有机电致发光器件.对器件的光电特性进行了测试.结果表明，掺杂体系中的PVK有效地抑制了固态膜中PFC激基缔合物的形成.掺杂器件在不同的外加电场作用下发生发光层位置的移动，通过调节外加电场，可以获得从绿光到蓝光的可见光发射.当外加电压大于7V时，掺杂器件的蓝色发光亮度达到1650cd/m²，推测其中可能存在从PVK到PFC的能量传递过程.     

Effect of pH, temperature and solvent mole ratio on solubility of disodium 5′-guanylate in water + ethanol system

Solubility of disodium 5′-guanylate in water + ethanol binary solvent mixtures was determined by a gravimetric method in the temperature range from 283.15 K to 323.15 K, pH range from 8 to 10 and at different water/ethanol mole ratios. The effects of pH, temperature and water/ethanol mole ratio on the solubility were investigated in detail. The modified Apelblat model and the combined nearly ideal binary solvent (CNIBS)/Redlich-Kister model were selected to correlate the experimental data. The results showed that the experimental data was satisfactorily correlated by the (CNIBS)/Redlich-Kister model, but for the modified Apelblat model, the correlation was not so satisfactory in some cases.     

A facile pathway for the fast synthesis of colloidal crystal‐loaded hydrogels via frontal polymerization

In this work, a dually sensitive colloidal crystal (CC)‐loaded hydrogel has been synthesized via frontal polymerization (FP) in a facile and rapid way. First, a polystyrene CC film was fabricated by vertical deposition on the inner wall of a test tube. Then, a mixture of acrylic acid (AAc), 2‐hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA), and glycerol along with the initiator and crosslinker was added to this test tube to carry out FP, resulting in the formation of CC‐loaded hydrogel. The influence of the mass ratios of HEMA/AAc on front velocity and temperatures were studied. The swelling behavior, the morphology, and the stimuli‐responsive behavior of the CC‐loaded hydrogels prepared via FP were thoroughly investigated on the basis of swelling measurement, scanning electron microscopy, and reflection spectra. Results show that the as‐prepared CC‐loaded hydrogels exhibit excellent dual sensitivity to both methanol concentrations and pH values with very short response time, which can be observed visually without the aid of instruments. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem, 2011     

Single electron transfer‐living radical polymerization of methyl methacrylate catalyzed by ytterbium powder

Zerovalent ytterbium (Yb) powder is firstly used as a catalyst in single electron transfer‐living radical polymerization of methyl methacrylate initiated by carbon tetrachloride in N, N‐dimethylformamide (DMF) and dimethyl sulfoxide, respectively. Polymerization proceeds in a “living”/controlled way as evidenced by kinetic studies and chain extension results, producing well‐defined polymers with controlled degree of polymerization and narrow molecular weight distribution. The apparent activation energy of polymerization in DMF is accounted to be 36.2 kJ/mol, and the energy of equilibrium state is calculated to be 13.9 kJ/mol. An increase in the concentration of Yb(0) yields a higher monomer conversion. It is observed that polymerization rate experiments a rapid increase in the presence of more polar solvent water, and increasing in the content of H₂O results in an increase in the apparent rate constant of polymerization, and a decrease in the molecular weight distribution. The reaction rate and molecular weight increase along with the decrease of DMF content. The effect of Yb(0) powder content, different ligands and concentration of initiator on the polymerization is also investigated. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem, 2011     

Synthesis,characterization and properties of multifunctional poly(arylene ether nitriles) (PEN)/CNTs/Fe3O4 nanocomposites

In this study, a novel multifunctional poly(arylene ether nitriles)(PEN)/carbon nanotubes/Fe₃O₄ nanocomposite with high tensile strength, magnetic, and electrical properties was investigated. First, we synthesized the monodisperse Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles on the surface of the multiwalled carbon nanotubes and then the hybrid material was compounded with PEN through the solution‐casting method. The SEM and TEM images indicated that the monodisperse Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles, with the diameters of 70∼80 nm, were self‐assembled along CNTs via the covalent bond method, which was confirmed by FTIR and XRD. The results of tensile properties showed that the tensile strength and modulus reached their highest values at the CNTs/Fe₃O₄ loading content of 1 wt % and both were greatly enhanced after heat treatment. Electrical conductivity of the polymer was dramatically enhanced at the low loading level of CNTs/Fe₃O₄; the electrical percolation of was in the range of 5∼8 wt % of CNTs/Fe₃O₄. The magnetic study showed that the saturation magnetization (M_s) of PEN/CNTs/Fe₃O₄ nanocomposites increased with the increase of CNTs/Fe₃O₄ loading content, and the coercive force (H_c) of the nanocomposite was independent of the CNTs/Fe₃O₄ content. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys, 2011