Raman lasing and cascaded coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering of a two-phonon Raman band

Raman lasing of a two-phonon Raman band in the anti-Stokes side is demonstrated. Two femtosecond light pulses with identical wavelengths are irradiated onto a SrTiO3 crystal in a cross-beam configuration. Under low excitation power, several wave-mixing signals with identical wavelengths are emitted. When the power exceeds a critical value, cascaded coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (CARS) signals are emitted, the frequency step of which is coincident with that of the strongest two-phonon Raman band of 2TO2.     

Total synthesis of (R)-telomestatin

We have achieved a total synthesis of telomestatin, and its absolute configuration was determined to be (R). Coupling of cysteine-containing trisoxazole amine and serine-containing trisoxazole carboxylic acid, followed by macrocyclization, provided a 24-membered diamide. The seventh oxazole ring was formed by a Shin's procedure via dehydroamide. Cyclodehydration of a modified (R)-cysteine-(S-(t)Bu) moiety using Kelly's method (PPh3(O)-Tf2O) with anisole furnished (R)-telomestatin, whose CD spectrum was in good agreement with that of the natural product.     

Novel use of cross-linked poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) gel for organic reactions in aqueous media

A poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAAm) gel cross-linked with quaternized aminoalkyls was designed. A novel recyclable system based on the external solvent-responsive oil-absorption/elution transition ability of the PNIPAAm gel matrix was then developed.     

Retroperitoneal ancient schwannoma presenting as an adrenal incidentaloma: CT and MR findings

A 35-year-old woman was referred to our institution for additional examinations to evaluate bilateral suprarenal masses incidentally found on abdominal ultrasonographic images obtained during an annual medical health checkup. Our computed tomographic scans showed bilateral and well-circumscribed low-density suprarenal masses, while MRI revealed the tumors to be heterogeneous with low intensity on T₁-weighted images and high intensity on T₂-weighted images. A laparoscopic adrenalectomy was performed under the suspicion of a malignant tumor, such as a malignant fibrous histiocytoma. Pathologic findings indicated a retroperitoneal ancient schwannoma of two histologic types: Antoni A and Antoni B. We considered that elucidation of the characteristic features of a schwannoma would provide helpful preoperative information for diagnosis.     

Relationship between acetabular labrum evaluation by using radial magnetic resonance imaging and progressive joint space narrowing in mild hip dysplasia

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between abnormal acetabular labrum depicted by radial magnetic resonance and progressive joint space narrowing (JSN) of hip dysplasia. METHODS: Subjects were 23 joints [21 patients; mean age: 35.1 years (16-53 years)] that had acetabular dysplasia with lateral center-edge angle of Wiberg (CE angle) greater than 5 degrees and smaller than 25 degrees (mean, 16.4 degrees ), which did not show any arthrotic changes on plain radiograms and were followed up for 3 years or longer. Radial images of acetabular labrum were classified into three stages. RESULTS: Progression of JSN was not significantly related to CE angle but to progression of MRI stage (P=.006). In multivariate analysis, one rank progression of MRI stage was significantly associated with progression of JSN (adjusted OR=11.41, 95% CI: 1.51-86.24, P=.018). CONCLUSION: Our findings showed that in patients whose acetabular dysplasia has 5-25 degrees CE angle, MRI staging based on radial MRI is a better factor for prediction of progression of JSN than CE angle.     

Global branch from the second eigenvalue for a semilinear Neumann problem in a ball

Let (n?3) be a ball, and let f∈C³. We are concerned with the Neumann problem

     

Exploring the vacuum structure near identity-based solutions

We explore the vacuum structure in the bosonic open string field theory expanded near an identity-based solution parameterized by a (≥ ?1/2). Analyzing the expanded theory using the level-truncation approximation up to the level 20, we find that the theory has the tachyon vacuum solution for a ≥ ?1/2. We also find that at a = ?1/2, there exists an unstable vacuum solution in the expanded theory and the solution is expected to be the perturbative open string vacuum. These results reasonably support the hypothesis that the identity-based solution is a trivial pure gauge configuration for a > ?1/2, but it can be regarded as the tachyon vacuum solution at a = ?1/2.     

A limit equation and bifurcation diagrams of semilinear elliptic equations with general supercritical growth

We study radial solutions of the semilinear elliptic equation

$\mathrm{\Delta }u+f(u)=0$

under rather general growth conditions on f. We construct a radial singular solution and study the intersection number between the singular solution and a regular solution. An application to bifurcation problems of elliptic Dirichlet problems is given. To this end, we derive a certain limit equation from the original equation at infinity, using a generalized similarity transformation. Through a generalized Cole–Hopf transformation, all the limit equations can be reduced into two typical cases, i.e., $\mathrm{\Delta }u+u^p=0$ and $\mathrm{\Delta }u+e^u=0$.     

Dynamic portfolio optimization with risk control for absolute deviation model

In this paper, we present a new multiperiod portfolio selection with maximum absolute deviation model. The investor is assumed to seek an investment strategy to maximize his/her terminal wealth and minimize the risk. One typical feature is that the absolute deviation is employed as risk measure instead of classical mean variance method. Furthermore, risk control is considered in every period for the new model. An analytical optimal strategy is obtained in a closed form via dynamic programming method. Algorithm with some examples is also presented to illustrate the application of this model.