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71.
Krystyna Wejroch Jerzy Lange Anna Kielak Janina Karolak‐Wojciechowska Jacek Sonicki Tadeusz Jagodziski 《Journal of heterocyclic chemistry》2001,38(4):877-884
Bis(ethoxycarbonyl)alkylidene derivatives 4 and 5 of the respective title hydrazones were obtained in the reactions with diethyl oxomalonate, diethyl oxosuccinate, diethyl 2‐oxoglutarate, and diethyl oxalo‐propionate as mixtures of geometric isomers with high predominance of one of them. On heating at 160‐200° without any solvent or on refluxing in ethanol 4 cyclized to yield the corresponding pyri‐dazino[6, 1‐c]triazines 6 , whereas heating of 5 gave, depending on the chain length, the corresponding pyra‐zolylpyridazines 8b and 8d or the pyridazinylpyridazine 8c . X‐ray analysis was used to determine the structures of 6 and 8 ; the unit cell of 6c was found to accommodate 16 molecules representing four conforma‐tional varieties. The different behavior of 4 and 5 in the cyclization reactions was interpreted in terms of the tautomeric equilibrium which was shifted towards the enamine form in 4 , and towards the imine form, in 5 . Transmission of a long‐range chirality effect in 4d and 5a‐d manifested itself in the 1H nmr spectra as the magnetic non‐equivalence of the CH2 protons in one or both ester ethyl groups. 相似文献
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73.
Electrical properties of TiO<Subscript>2</Subscript>: equilibrium vs dynamic electrical conductivity
The present work reports semiconducting properties of high purity TiO2 determined in the gas/solid equilibrium, as well as during controlled heating and cooling in the range 300–1,273 K. The activation
energy of the electrical conductivity is considered in terms of the activation enthalpy of the formation of ionic defects
and the activation enthalpy of the mobility of electronic defects. These data, determined from the dynamic electrical conductivity
experiments, are compared to the electrical conductivity data determined in equilibrium. It is shown that only the equilibrium
electrical conductivity data for high-purity TiO2 are well defined. It is shown that the activation energy of the electrical conductivity determined in equilibrium differs
substantially from that for the dynamic electrical conductivity data during cooling and heating. It is concluded that the
formation enthalpy term determined from the dynamic conductivity data is determined by the heating/cooling rate rather than
materials’ properties. 相似文献
74.
Timothy J. Ward Daniel W. Armstrong Bronislaw P. Czech Jacek F. Koszuk Richard A. Bartsch 《Analytica chimica acta》1986
Two surface-active and one surface-inactive 18-crown-6 derivatives were synthesized and evaluated for their abilities to enhance flame atomic absorption and flame emission signals of monovalent cations. Enhancement of potassium signals were noted for the surface-active compounds but not for the surface-inactive compound. The critical micelle concentration was determined and compared to the degree of enhancement. Surfactant-induced signal enhancements are not due to the slight or moderate decrease in the size of the aerosol first produced in the nebulizing chamber. Additional mechanistic considerations are discussed. 相似文献
75.
Tadeusz Oryng 《Fresenius' Journal of Analytical Chemistry》1928,74(5-6):209-212
Ohne Zusammenfassung 相似文献
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79.
Tadeusz Wibig 《中国物理C(英文版)》2021,45(8):085001-085001-13
Extensive Air Showers (EAS) induced by cosmic ray particles of very low energies, owing to the significantly steep cosmic ray energy spectrum, dominate the secondary particle flux measured by single detectors and small shower arrays. Such arrays connected in extended networks can be used to determine potentially interesting spatial correlations between showers, which may shed new light on the nature of ultra high-energy cosmic rays. The quantitative interpretation of showers recorded by small local arrays requires a methodology that differs from that used by ordinary large EAS arrays operating in the "knee" region and above. We present "small EAS generator," a semi-analytical method for integrating cosmic ray spectra over energies of interest and summing over the mass spectra of primary nuclei in arbitrary detector configurations. Furthermore, we provide results on the EAS electron and muon fluxes and particle density spectra. 相似文献
80.
Tomasz Smolinski Danuta Wawszczak Andrzej Deptula Wieslawa Lada Tadeusz Olczak Marcin Rogowski Marta Pyszynska Andrzej Grzegorz Chmielewski 《Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry》2017,313(1):69-77
A micro-cloud point extraction method was discussed for preconcentration and spectrophotometric quantification of U(VI). The method depends on complex formation between U(VI) and 2-(4-sulphophenyloazo)-1,8-dihydroxy-3,6-naphtalenedisulphonic acid (SPADNS) at pH 7.0 and subsequent extraction of the complex in a mixed surfactant medium (cethyltrimethyl ammonium bromide and Triton X-114). The separation was carried out in the presence of 1% Na2SO4 at room temperature. The calibration curve was linear up to 3000 µg L?1. The enrichment factor, detection limit and precision were 16.0, 1.05 µg L?1, and 2.3%, respectively. The method was employed for the determination of U(VI) in real samples with different matrices. 相似文献