ISO-spin centroids for single-nucleon transfer reactions involving mutli-shell target states

In single nucleon transfer reactions, involving multi-shell targets equations relating the isospin centroid (defined as J-averages of the energy weighted strengths) to the nature of the residual interaction and to the quantum numbers of the target state, have been derived.     

Laminar plane jet in a gas medium

The effects of compressibility on a laminar plane jet are investigated. First, assuming that the viscosity is directly proportional to the enthalpy it is found that the similarity solutions both for momentum and energy equations exist. By a proper transformation of the similarity variable, the energy equation, in the case of viscous heating, is reduced to a hypergeometric equation and solutions for arbitrary Prandtl number are obtained. Secondly, taking the Prandtl number of the fluid as unity and a power law for the dependence of viscosity on enthalpy the velocity distribution is obtained with the help of Crocco's integral.

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Zusammenfassung Der Einfluss der Kompressibilität auf einer ebenen laminaren Strahl wird untersucht. Zunächst wird unter der Annahme, dass Zähigkeit und Enthalpie einander proportional sind, gefunden, dass sowohl die Impulsgleichung als auch die Energiegleichung Aehnlichkeitslösungen haben. Im Falle der Erwärmung durch Dissipation wird die Energiegleichung durch eine geeignete Transformation der Aehnlichkeitsvariablen auf eine hypergeometrische Differentialgleichung reduziert, und Lösungen für beliebige Prandtl-Zahlen werden bestimmt. Im Falle, dass zwischen Zähigkeit und Enthalpie ein Potenzgesetz herrscht, wird für die Prandtl-Zahl1 die Geschwindigkeitsverteilung mit Hilfe von Crocco's Integral erhalten.

     

Two novel cassane diterpenoids from Acacia jacquemontii

The structure of two new diterpenoids (1 and 3), both of which contain the unique feature of a 7-membered hemiacetal ring B, have been established from chemical and spectroscopic (especially NMR) evidence. Single crystal X-ray crystallographic analysis of 1 has confirmed the structure and allowed the relative stereochemistry to be determined.     

Effect of chemical binding energy on the dynamics of water

The calculated value of γ₁₁, a neutron-condensed system energy observable, using the recent neutron scattering kernel proposed by the authors which incorporates explicitly chemical binding amongst the water molecules, turns out to be in much better agreement with the experimental result than that given by the widely used Nelkin kernel. Low energy collective oscillations, thus, play an important role in the dynamics of water.     

Biocompatibility of gold nanoparticles and their endocytotic fate inside the cellular compartment: a microscopic overview

Macrophages are one of the principal immune effector cells that play essential roles as secretory, phagocytic, and antigen-presenting cells in the immune system. In this study, we address the issue of cytotoxicity and immunogenic effects of gold nanoparticles on RAW264.7 macrophage cells. The cytotoxicity of gold nanoparticles has been correlated with a detailed study of their endocytotic uptake using various microscopy tools such as atomic force microscopy (AFM), confocal-laser-scanning microscopy (CFLSM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Our findings suggest that Au(0) nanoparticles are not cytotoxic, reduce the production of reactive oxygen and nitrite species, and do not elicit secretion of proinflammatory cytokines TNF-alpha and IL1-beta, making them suitable candidates for nanomedicine. AFM measurements suggest that gold nanoparticles are internalized inside the cell via a mechanism involving pinocytosis, while CFLSM and TEM studies indicate their internalization in lysosomal bodies arranged in perinuclear fashion. Our studies thus underline the noncytotoxic, nonimmunogenic, and biocompatible properties of gold nanoparticles with the potential for application in nanoimmunology, nanomedicine, and nanobiotechnology.     

Search for invisibly decaying Higgs boson at Large Hadron Collider

In several scenarios of Beyond Standard Model physics, the invisible decay mode of the Higgs boson is an interesting possibility. The search strategy for an invisible Higgs boson at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC), using weak boson fusion process, has been studied in detail, by taking into account all possible backgrounds. Realistic simulations have been used in the context of CMS experiment to devise a set of event selection criteria which eventually enhances the signal contribution compared to the background processes in characteristic distributions. In cut-based analysis, multi-jet background is found to overwhelm the signal in the finally selected sample. With an integrated luminosity of 10 fb⁻¹, an upper limit of 36% on the branching ratio can be obtained for Higgs boson with a mass of 120 GeV/c² for LHC energy of 14 TeV. Since the analysis essentially depends on the background estimation, detailed studies have been done to determine the background rates from real data.     

Investigation of energetic ion-induced mixing in Bi/Ge system

The present study is carried out for the investigation of energetic ion beam mixing in the Bi/Ge system, induced by electronic excitation. The system Ge/Bi/C was deposited on Si substrate at room temperature in the high vacuum deposition system and irradiated using Au ions of 120?MeV at the fluences 1?×?10¹³, 5?×?10¹³ and 1?×?10¹⁴?ions/cm². The top layer of carbon was deposited as the protecting layer to avoid oxidation. The swift heavy ions (SHI)-induced interface mixing was studied by Rutherford backscattering spectroscopy (RBS) for depth profiles and compositions, grazing incidence X-ray diffraction (GIXRD) for phase identification and atomic force microscopy (AFM) for surface roughness. We have calculated the mixing rate, mixing efficiency and inter-diffusion coefficient for the Bi/Ge system. We observed that the thickness of the mixed region increased with increasing fluence. In the GIXRD pattern, no new crystalline phase formation was observed after irradiation, the mixed region may be in an amorphous form. The mixing effect is explained in the framework of the thermal spike model.     

EPR and optical spectra of cupric ions doped in powder strontium maleate tetrahydrate and magnesium Bis (hydrogen maleate) hexahydrate

Abstract

EPR spectra of Cu²⁺ ions doped in a strontium maleate tetrahydrate and magnesium bis (hydrogen maleate) hexahydrate have been studied in X-band at room temperature and at liquid nitrogen temperature. Spin-Hamiltonian parameters have been calculated. Molecular orbital coefficients are obtained by correlating optical absorption data with EPR results.