Ugi reaction in aqueous solutions: A simple protocol for libraries production

A reaction between levulinic acid, isocyanides and primary amines has been examined in distilled water and in surfactants solutions. It is demonstrated that the reaction gives good results at the different concentrations including one well above the solubility limit. A simple and eco-friendly protocol for libraries production is described.     

Integrability in String/Field Theories and Hamiltonian Flows in the Space of Physical Systems

Integrability in string/field theories is known to emerge when considering dynamics in the moduli space of physical theories. This implies that one must study the dynamics with respect to unusual time variables such as coupling constants or other quantities parameterizing the configuration space of physical theories. The dynamics given by variations of coupling constants can be considered as a canonical transformation or, infinitesimally, a Hamiltonian flow in the space of physical systems. We briefly consider an example of integrable mechanical systems. Then any function T generates a one-parameter family of integrable systems in the vicinity of a single system. For an integrable system with several coupling constants, the corresponding Hamiltonians T_i satisfy the Whitham equations and, after quantization (of the original system), become operators satisfying the zero-curvature condition in the coupling-constant space.     

Transsilylation reactions in esters and ethers of the silanols synthesis of oxasilacycloalkanes

An equilibrium reaction of the exchange of silyl radicals taking place between organylchlorosilanes and acyloxy- and alkoxysilanes has been found. In the rase of alkenyloxytrimethylsilane and chloro-H-silanes. in addition to the transsilylation reaction, intramolecular hydrosilyation takes place, leading to the formation of oxasilacycloalkanes.     

The theory of thermionic conductivity in alkaline halide crystals

Kinetic equations are presented which describe the establishment of polarization in ionic crystals of cubic symmetry. A solution is found for the strong field region and the depolarization current density connected with dipole dis orientation is calculated. The theory is compared with the experiments of Bucci and Riva.Translated from Izvestiya Vysshikh Uchebnykh Zavedenii, Fizika, Vol. 16, No. 9, pp.65–70, September, 1973.