Propagation Characteristics of a Partially Coherent Gaussian Schell-model Array Vortex Beam in the Joint Turbulence Effect of a Jet Engine and Atmosphere

This work investigates the joint effects of jet engine exhaust-induced turbulence and atmospheric turbulence on the propagation of a partially coherent Gaussian Schell-model Array (GSMA) vortex beam. Using the two-process propagation method, analytical formulae are derived for the cross-spectral density, spectral density, degree of coherence, and beam width of the considered beam. The results show that the considered beam takes different shapes; when the spatial coherence is large, the spectral density of the GSMA vortex beam takes an elliptical shape, whereas when the spatial coherence is smaller, the spectral density remains a Gaussian shape. The evolution profile of the degree of coherence weakens gradually when the propagation distance, topological charge, and turbulence strength increase. Moreover, the profile of the degree of coherence takes the Gaussian profile when the propagation distance is longer or turbulence atmospheric is stronger. Furthermore, the results reveal that the corresponding beam spreads faster with a larger propagation distance, lower spatial coherence, and high-strength turbulence. This study also concludes from the results that the beam is affected more when its propagation is near the jet engine exhaust, which means that this latter has a significant impact.     

Polynomial root radius optimization with affine constraints

The root radius of a polynomial is the maximum of the moduli of its roots (zeros). We consider the following optimization problem: minimize the root radius over monic polynomials of degree n, with either real or complex coefficients, subject to k linearly independent affine constraints on the coefficients. We show that there always exists an optimal polynomial with at most \(k-1\) inactive roots, that is, roots whose moduli are strictly less than the optimal root radius. We illustrate our results using some examples arising in feedback control.     

Radiometric mapping and radiation dose assessments in sediments from Şavşat Black Lake,Turkey

Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry - In this study, natural and artificial radioactivity concentrations in sediment samples taken from ?av?at Black Lake located on the...     

Poly(ε-caprolactone) grafting into Scots pine wood: improvement on the dimensional stability,weathering and decay resistance

Cellulose - Wood modification treatments by substitution or blocking of wood hydroxyl groups with hydrophobic molecules are some of the novel approaches that may improve dimensional stability,...     

Soft-gluon cancellation,phases and factorization with initial-state partons

We outline arguments for the cancellation of soft singularities in transition probabilities and parton distributions with incoming partons and Wilson lines, and with observed jets or heavy colored particles in the final states. We show the cancellation of Glauber gluons and divergent phases, relating finite remainders to corrections that arise from restrictions on final states in factorized cross sections.     

Two-loop anomalous-dimension matrix for soft-gluon exchange

The resummation of soft-gluon exchange for QCD hard scattering requires a matrix of anomalous dimensions. We compute this matrix directly for arbitrary 2-->n massless processes for the first time at two loops. Using color-generator notation, we show that it is proportional to the one-loop matrix. This result reproduces all pole terms in dimensional regularization of the explicit calculations of massless 2-->2 amplitudes in the literature, and it predicts all poles at next-to-next-to-leading order in any 2-->n process that has been computed at next-to-leading order. The proportionality of the one- and two-loop matrices makes possible the resummation in closed form of the next-to-next-to-leading logarithms and poles in dimensional regularization for the 2-->n processes.     

Influence of Guanidinium Salts and Other Ionic Liquids on the Three‐Component Aza‐Diels?Alder Reaction

The three‐component reaction of aniline, benzaldehyde, and dienophiles such as 2,3‐dihydrofuran, ethyl vinyl ether, 2,3‐dihydropyran, and cyclopentadiene can be promoted by ionic liquids like imidazolium salts and guanidinium salts under thermal as well as microwave conditions. The chemical yield as well as the diastereoselectivity of the Povarov reaction strongly depend on the ionic liquid employed. The guanidinium salts can be recycled and reused several times without loss of reactivity.     

Torsional wave dispersion in a finitely pre-strained hollow sandwich circular cylinder

This paper studies torsional wave dispersion in a three-layered (sandwich) hollow cylinder with finite initial strains. The investigations are carried out within the scope of the piecewise homogeneous body model with the use of the three-dimensional linearized theory of elastic waves in initially stressed bodies. The mechanical relations of the materials of the cylinders are described through their harmonic potential. The analytical expression is obtained for the low wavenumber limit values of the torsional wave propagation velocity. The numerical results on the influence of the initial stretching or compression of the cylinders along the torsional wave propagation direction are presented and discussed.     

International disaster relief planning with fuzzy credibility

As a consequence of more extensive collaboration between countries, the need for better humanitarian relief assistance has become a significant challenge to the international community. In case of a disaster exceeding the national response capacity of the affected country, donor countries provide the relief items, which are then consolidated at collection points to be shipped to points of delivery in the stricken country. After the items are transported to the point of delivery, the responsible authority in distributing aids to vulnerable populations then becomes the national relief agencies. In this context, we propose an international relief planning model that can handle the uncertain information while maximizing the credibility of the international agencies in the most cost efficient way.