Long range scattering for non-linear Schrödinger and Hartree equations in space dimensionn≥2

We consider the scattering problem for the non-linear Schrödinger (NLS) equation with a power interaction with critical powerp=1+2/n in space dimensionsn=2 and 3 and for the Hartree equation with potential |x|^–1 in space dimensionn2. We prove the existence of modified wave operators in theL ² sense on a dense set of small and sufficiently regular asymptotic states.Laboratoire associé au Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique     

Critical investigation of methods for kinetic analysis of thermoanalytical data

Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry -     

Non-stoichiometry of YBa2Cu3O7-d Observed by Repeated Temperature Scanning

Repeated temperature scanning method was applied to observe non-stoichiometry of YBa₂Cu₃O₇-d, and interesting results were obtained. Two simultaneously occurring processes were separately observed in mass change; one is a fast process and the other is slow, so that their responses to the temperature change are quite different from each other. The fast process follows the cyclic temperature change, but the slow process is observed to be a gradual mass change. Kinetic behaviors of these two processes are also made clear by plotting the mass vs. the temperature. Furthermore, a hysteresis loop was observed in the plot of the mass vs. the temperature in a high temperature range presumably due to the third process, and it depends on the heating and cooling rates. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

A novel method for preparation of 2-(methyl- or phehnylthio)alkanoic esters

Ethyl 2-acetylalkanoate gave ethyl 2-(methyl- or phenylthio)alkanoate in high yield on treatment wiht CH₃SSO₂CH₃, PhSSO₂Ph, or PhSSPh in the presence of small excess of EtONa in EtOH. Application of the present method to synthesis of pellitorine and the queen substance is also described.     

Palladium(0) complexes coordinated with substituted olefins and tertiary phosphine ligands

New palladium(0) complexes with a variety of coordinated olefins [Pd(olefin)(PMePh₂)₂] (II) (olefin = styrene, ethyl methacrylate, methyl methacrylate, methyl acrylate, methacrylonitrile, and dimethyl maleate), were prepared by the reactions of [PdEt₂(PMePh₂)₂] (I) with corresponding olefins in toluene. These complexes were characterized by means of elemental analysis, IR and ¹H NMR spectroscopy and the chemical reactions. The dissociation of the coordinated olefin from complex II in solution was confirmed by spectroscopic studies of [Pd(mma)(PMePh₂)₂] (mma = methyl methacrylate). From the variable temperature NMR study, kinetic parameters for the dissociation process were determined as E_a = 7 kcal/mol, and ΔS³ (293 K) = -30 cal/deg · mol. Some new hydrido complexes, [Pd(H)ClL₂] (IV) (L = PMePh₂, PEtPh₂ and PEt₂Ph), were prepared by the reactions of [Pd(olefin)L₂] with dry HCl.     

Direct synthesis of aromatic polyesters by use of a sulfonium salt derived from tosyl chloride and N-methylimidazole

A sulfonium salt derived from tosyl chloride and N-methylimidazole was successfully used as an effective condensing agent for the preparation of high-molecular-weight aromatic polyesters by the direct polycondensation of aromatic dicarboxylic acids and bisphenols. Conditions for the formation of the sulfonium salt and of the reaction of the salt with dicarboxylic acids favorable for the polycondensation were examined. Thermal property of a polymer was investigated in terms of random sequences of monomer in the polymer backbone. Preparation of a polyamide and a polyesteramide was attempted with limited success.     

Development of fast disintegrating compressed tablets using amino acid as disintegration accelerator: evaluation of wetting and disintegration of tablet on the basis of surface free energy

A fast disintegrating compressed tablet was formulated using amino acids, such as L-lysine HCl, L-alanine, glycine and L-tyrosine as disintegration accelerator. The tablets having the hardness of about 4 kgf were prepared and the effect of amino acids on the wetting time and disintegration time in the oral cavity of tablets was examined on the basis of surface free energy of amino acids. The wetting time of the tablets increased in the order of L-lysine HCl, L-alanine, glycine and L-tyrosine, whereas the disintegration time in the oral cavity of the tablets increased in the order of L-alanine, glycine, L-lysine HCl and L-tyrosine. These behaviors were well analyzed by the introduction of surface free energy. When the polar component of amino acid was large value or the dispersion component was small value, faster wetting of tablet was observed. When the dispersion component of amino acid was large value or the dispersion component was small value, faster disintegration of tablet was observed, expect of L-tyrosine tablet. The fast disintegration of tablets was explained by the theory presented by Matsumaru.     

Kinetic study of the electron-transfer oxidation of the phenolate anion of a vitamin E model by molecular oxygen generating superoxide anion in an aprotic medium

Electron-transfer reduction of molecular oxygen (O2) by the phenolate anion (1-) of a vitamin E model, 2,2,5,7,8-pentamethylchroman-6-ol (1H), occurred to produce superoxide anion, which could be directly detected by a low-temperature EPR measurement. The rate of electron transfer from 1- to O2 was relatively slow, since this process is energetically unfavourable. The one-electron oxidation potential of 1- determined by cyclic voltammetric measurements is sufficiently negative to reduce 2,2-bis(4-tert-octylphenyl)-1-picrylhydrazyl radical (DOPPH*) to the corresponding one-electron reduced anion, DOPPH-, suggesting that 1- can also act as an efficient radical scavenger.     

Industrial standardization of thermal analysis in Japan

To satisfy the needs for industrial standards for thermal analysis in the Japanese polymer industry, round-robin tests of differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetry (TG), thermomechanical analysis (TMA) and thermodilatometry (TD) have been carried out recently. The results are discussed in this short review. The DSC applications tested were not only for determination of transition temperature but also for measurements of the transition heat and heat capacity. The TG task group did not aim at longterm thermal endurance studies, but relative thermal stability in molding and estimation of filler content, residual solvent content, etc. TMA was found to be a useful tool for measuring softening temperature and heat distortion temperature, especially for high-temperature engineering plastics, instead of the Vicat test which has temperature limitations. For temperature calibration of DSC and TG, ICTA-NIST certified reference materials were used together with other potential temperature standards; some inorganic substances and alloys were not found to be preferable to pure metals. For TMA and TD metal plates were found to be very useful for temperature calibration. Analysis of the round-robin test results also clarified present status of practical applications of thermal analysis, such as reproducibility and causes of errors. Plenary lecture     

13C nuclear magnetic resonance studies of sesquiterpenes,anisatin and neoanisatin: The structure of anisatinic acid,a novel isomerization product of anisatin

¹³C NMR spectra are reported for derivatives of toxic sesquiterpenes, anisatin (I) and neoanisatin (II). Chemical shifts for each compound have been assigned on the basis of off-resonance decoupling experiments, known chemical shift rules, and comparison of the spectra among the compounds examined. Toxic anisatin (I) is known to isomerize under mild conditions to a non-toxic compound, anisatinic acid. The structure of anisatinic acid has been determined unambiguously to be IIIa by the ¹³C NMR spectral analysis of a derivative 8 of anisatinic acid. Some aspects of the substituent effects on the ¹³C chemical shifts obtained in the present investigation are described.