Assembly of a self-complementary monomer: formation of supramolecular polymer networks and responsive gels

Self-complementary monomer 1, which combines a macrotricyclic polyether and two dibenzylammonium ions together, was synthesized, and its self-assembly into supramolecular polymer networks by host-guest interactions was studied. For the purpose of comparative study, two model molecules 2 and 3 were also prepared. It was found that model molecule 2 and dibenzylammonium ion 4 form a 1:2 complex in solution and in the solid state, which afforded a model system for the investigation of the assembly behavior of monomer 1. Consequently, the (1)H NMR spectrum of 1 in CD(3)CN showed characteristic proton signals similar to the model system, which suggested that 1 self-assembles into a supramolecular polymer network. Formation of the supramolecular polymer was further evidenced by the MALDI-TOF MS spectrum, viscometry, and dynamic light-scattering (DLS) experiments. Moreover, it was found that the decomposition and re-formation of the supramolecular polymer could be chemically controlled by the use of triethylamine and trifluoroacetic acid. Interestingly, the supramolecular polymer forms an organogel both in CD(3)CN and in 1:1 (v/v) CDCl(3)/CD(3)CN, and reversible thermo- and pH-induced gel-sol transitions were also found. The presented work will provide a new strategy for the construction of supramolecular polymers with specific structures and properties.     

ILC上e~+e~-对撞产生t~+t~-夸克对

本文结合国际直线对撞机(ILC)的实验讨论了e+e-湮灭产生t+t-对过程.在具体计算过程中,本文采用一种新的计算方式,即"混合链图传播子"修正下的反应截面,首先对QED中Dyson链图传播子理论在电弱统一标准模型(WS)中做了推广,获得WS中的光子、中间玻色子混合链图传播子,进而计算了γ,Z0混合链图修正下e+e-→t+t-反应总截面σchain,并与单圈修正下的总截面σloop和最低阶总截面σ0做了对比分析,发现在国际直线对撞机对撞能区,σchain对σloop和σ0的修正很大.此外,作者还结合国际直线对撞机的对撞亮度,讨论了每年可在ILC上产生t+t-对的事例数.     

Levitin–Polyak well-posedness by perturbations for systems of set-valued vector quasi-equilibrium problems

This paper is devoted to the Levitin–Polyak well-posedness by perturbations for a class of general systems of set-valued vector quasi-equilibrium problems (SSVQEP) in Hausdorff topological vector spaces. Existence of solution for the system of set-valued vector quasi-equilibrium problem with respect to a parameter (PSSVQEP) and its dual problem are established. Some sufficient and necessary conditions for the Levitin–Polyak well-posedness by perturbations are derived by the method of continuous selection. We also explore the relationships among these Levitin–Polyak well-posedness by perturbations, the existence and uniqueness of solution to (SSVQEP). By virtue of the nonlinear scalarization technique, a parametric gap function g for (PSSVQEP) is introduced, which is distinct from that of Peng (J Glob Optim 52:779–795, 2012). The continuity of the parametric gap function g is proved. Finally, the relations between these Levitin–Polyak well-posedness by perturbations of (SSVQEP) and that of a corresponding minimization problem with functional constraints are also established under quite mild assumptions.     

Designer cell-self-implemented labeling of microvesicles in situ with the intracellular-synthesized quantum dots

Cell-derived microvesicles(MVs) are secreted from almost all kinds of mammalian cells into the extracellular space, and play crucial roles in intercellular communication and transporting biomolecules between cells. However, there is a great challenge for visualizing and monitoring of MVs' bio-behaviors due to the limitations of existing labeling methods. Herein, we report the first paradigm of designer cell-self-implemented labeling of MVs secreted from living mammalian MCF-7 cells in situ using the intracellular-synthesized fluorescent quantum dots(QDs) during the formation of MVs. By elaborately coupling intracellular biochemical reactions and metabolism pathways, the MCF-7 cells can be illuminated brightly by intracellular-biosynthesized fluorescent CdSe QDs. Simultaneously, intracellular-synthesized QDs can be in situ encapsulated by the secreted MVs budding from the plasma membrane of the fluorescing cells to label the MVs with an efficiency of up to 89.9%. The whole labeling process skillfully combines designer precise cell-tuned intricate synthesis of CdSe QDs with mild in-situ labeling via cell-selfimplementation just after feeding the cell with suitable chemicals, which is structure-or function-nondestructive and much more straightforward and milder than those by chemical conjugation or indirect encapsulation with conventional fluorogenic labels.     

Giant low-field magnetocaloric effect in EuTi(1-x)NbxO3(x = 0.05, 0.1, 0.15, and 0.2) compounds

The magnetic properties and magnetocaloric effect(MCE)of EuTi(1-x)NbxO3(x=0.05,0.1,0.15,and 0.2)compounds are investigated.Owing to electronic doping,parts of Ti ions are replaced by Nb ions,the lattice constant increases and a small number of Ti⁴⁺(3d^0)ions change into Ti³⁺(3d^1).It is the ferromagnetism state that is dominant in the derivative balance.The values of the maximum magnetic entropy change(-?SM^max)are 10.3 J/kg·K,9.6 J/kg·K,13.1 J/kg·K,and 11.9 J/kg·K for EuTi(1-x)NbxO3(x=0.05,0.1,0.15,and 0.2)compounds and the values of refrigeration capacity are 36,33,86,and 80 J/kg as magnetic field changes in a range of 0 T–1 T.The EuTi(1-x)NbxO3(x=0.05,0.1,0.15,and 0.2)compounds with giant reversible MCE are considered as a good candidate for magnetic refrigerant working at lowtemperature and low-field.     

一种结合图像复原技术的自适应光学系统控制方法

在天文高分辨成像领域,自适应光学校正和事后图像复原都必不可少,但传统的自适应光学系统控制方法以提升光学成像质量为目的,并未考虑图像复原环节,因此,研究一种结合两者以获得高质量复原图像为目标的控制方法具有重要意义.本文对传统自适应光学技术结合事后图像解卷积的方法进行了分析,阐述了其存在的缺陷.首次提出了将自适应光学技术和图像复原技术相结合进行系统分析的思想,并提出了变形镜校正度(变形镜控制电压相对于传统方法控制电压的缩放比例)的概念,通过改变校正度可实现变形镜校正残差和波前传感器探测误差的调整,同时证明了复原图像质量在校正度下降的方向存在一个最优值,用最优校正度来修正变形镜控制电压,就得到了一种新的控制方法.针对点源目标成像,仿真表明该方法相比于传统方法,能够得到质量更好的复原图像.     

Ga液滴沉积量对GaAs/GaAs(001)同心量子双环形貌的影响

通过液滴外延法制备了GaAs/GaAs(001)同心量子双环(Concentric Quantum Double Rings, CQDRs),研究了Ga液滴沉积量对CQDRs的影响.研究结果发现:随着Ga液滴沉积量的增加,CQDRs密度降低,内环高度增高,外环高度降低,中心孔洞深度增加. CQDRs内环拟合结果表明,Ga液滴沉积量少于0.92ML(Monolayer, ML)时无法成环;外环拟合结果显示,在本实验条件下,形成外环的最小Ga液滴沉积量为3.1ML.拟合结果与实验结果一致,相关研究结果对液滴外延法制备GaAs同心量子双环具有指导意义.     

全国食品药品职业教育基础数据采集与数据库建设研究

为了全面了解全国食品药品职业教育人才培养的基本情况，通过对散见于“全国职业院校专业设置管理与公共信息服务平台”“教育部高等职业院校人才培养工作状态数据采集与管理平台”“高等职业教育人才培养质量年度报告”等各大平台中的数据进行采集、调研、分析，总结了全国食品药品职业教育的整体情况，整理了全国高等职业教育食品药品类专业布点与结构、各专业的教学条件情况、各专业的人才培养质量状况等基础数据，期望为我国职业教育体系的优化与完善及食品药品行业人才培养与开发政策的制定提供必要的数据支撑。     

蠕虫状聚离子复合型胶束的合成、组装和胶体稳定性

采用开环聚合方法制备了嵌段共聚物聚乙二醇-聚乙烯亚胺(PEG-b-PEI), 通过静电组装方法使其与质粒DNA(pDNA)在溶液中自发构筑成蠕虫状聚离子复合型胶束(PICmicelle), 利用原子力显微镜、 动态光散射、 Zeta电势和凝胶电泳等方法研究了血液或细胞间质中各种因素对胶束稳定性的影响. 结果表明, 在蠕虫状聚离子复合型胶束中, PEI和pDNA通过静电吸引构成疏水性内核, 而亲水性的PEG分子作为保护型外壳包裹在内核的表面. 在保持PEG链段长度不变的前提下, 增加PEI链段长度可明显增强PEI与pDNA的静电结合力, 有效地防止了NaCl对胶体结构的破坏, 而且有助于抑制阴离子的取代. 但增加PEI链段长度会导致胶束表面PEG分子含量的降低, 不利于胶束抵抗蛋白质的吸附和DNA酶的降解. 因此合理地调整PEG-b-PEI分子的结构, 对于获得高效、 安全和稳定的蠕虫状聚离子胶束具有重要意义.     

A study of hadronic shower development in the ECAL of the alpha magnetic spectrometer Ⅱ

In this paper, we studied the development of hadronic shower in an electromagnetic calorimeter of Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer Ⅱ. Two parametrized empirical formulae were proposed to describe the hadronic shower shape in calorimeter. Using 100 GeV proton beam incident on the center of the ECAL, detailed plots of lateral and longitudinal hadronic shower behavior were given and we found the formulae can describe the development of the hadronic shower with the test beam data. The possible application of the parametrized formulae including e^±-π^± discrimination and tau jet reconstruction was discussed.