不同助剂对CuO-ZnO/SBA-15催化CO_2加氢制甲醇性能影响的研究

以硅质骨架结构介孔分子筛SBA-15为载体,采用浸渍法合成CuO-ZnO/SBA-15(CZ/SBA-15)、CuO-ZnO-MnO_2/SBA-15(CZM/SBA-15)、CuO-ZnO-ZrO_2/SBA-15(CZZ/SBA-15)三组多孔催化剂,在固定床反应器上评价了各组催化剂催化CO_2加氢合成甲醇的性能,同时结合N_2吸附-脱附(BET)、X射线衍射(XRD)、H_2程序升温还原(H_2-TPR)、程序升温脱附(H_2-TPD、CO_2-TPD)、N_2O滴定、X射线光电子能谱(XPS)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)等表征研究了不同助剂对CO_2催化加氢制甲醇的影响。结果表明,催化剂中的金属氧化物改变了SBA-15分子筛载体的孔径大小和比表面积;催化剂CuO-ZnO-MnO_2/SBA-15、CuO-Zn O-ZrO_2/SBA-15中铜的分散度(D_(Cu))和比表面积(A_(Cu))更大,表面CuO粒径更小,更易被还原;相比Mn-O簇,Zr-O簇为增强了碱性位点,提高了甲醇选择性。此外,CuO-ZnO-ZrO_2/SBA-15具有更高的氧空位浓度,催化活性更好,其甲醇选择性为25.02%,与CuO-ZnO/SBA-15、CuO-ZnO-Mn O_2/SBA-15相比分别提高了28%和136.9%,催化效果最好。     

Constructing Four-Photon States for Quantum Communication and Information Processing

We provide a method for constructing a set of four-photon states suitable for quantum communication applications. Among these states is a set of concatenated quantum code states that span a decoherence-free subspace that is robust under collective-local as well as global dephasing noise. This method requires only the use of spontaneous parametric down-conversion, quantum state post-selection, and linear optics. In particular, we show how this method can be used to produce all sixteen elements of the second-order Bell gem , which includes these codes states and is an orthonormal basis for the Hilbert space of four qubits composed entirely of states that are fully entangled under the four-tangle measure.     

分光度法测定蒙药广枣中的微量铁

采用浓硝酸和高氯酸的混合消化法处理广枣样品,盐酸羟胺将铁(Ⅲ)还原成铁(Ⅱ),在pH为6的条件下,用分光度法测定铁含量,校准曲线回归方程为:y=0.00275779 0.18968x,(r=0.9999),回收率为99.5%-102.3%,RSD为0.72%,广枣中铁含量为66.5902μg/g.该方法操作简单,重现性好.     

Ultra-thin polycrystalline Si layers on glass prepared by aluminum-induced layer exchange

In this work, we present studies of ultra-thin polycrystalline silicon layers (5–100 nm) prepared by the aluminum-induced layer exchange process. Here, a substrate/Al/oxide/amorphous Si layer stack is annealed at temperatures below the eutectic temperature of the Al/Si system of 577 °C, leading to a layer exchange and the crystallization of the amorphous Si. We have studied the process dynamics and grain growth, as well as structural properties of the obtained polycrystalline Si thin films. Furthermore, we derive a theoretical estimate of the grain density and examine characteristic thermal activation energies of the process. The structural properties have been investigated by Raman spectroscopy. A good crystalline quality down to a layer thickness of 10 nm has been observed.     

On Spin Models, Modular Invariance, and Duality

A spin model is a triple (X, W ⁺, W ^–), where W ⁺ and W ^– are complex matrices with rows and columns indexed by X which satisfy certain equations (these equations allow the construction of a link invariant from(X, W ⁺, W ^–) ). We show that these equations imply the existence of a certain isomorphism between two algebras and associated with (X, W ⁺, W ^–) . When is the Bose-Mesner algebra of some association scheme, and is a duality of . These results had already been obtained in [15] when W ⁺, W ^– are symmetric, and in [5] in the general case, but the present proof is simpler and directly leads to a clear reformulation of the modular invariance property for self-dual association schemes. This reformulation establishes a correspondence between the modular invariance property and the existence of spin models at the algebraic level. Moreover, for Abelian group schemes, spin models at the algebraic level and actual spin models coincide. We solve explicitly the modular invariance equations in this case, obtaining generalizations of the spin models of Bannai and Bannai [3]. We show that these spin models can be identified with those constructed by Kac and Wakimoto [20] using even rational lattices. Finally we give some examples of spin models at the algebraic level which are not actual spin models.     

Heterogeneity of polyelectrolyte diffusion in polyelectrolyte-protein coacervates: a 1H pulsed field gradient NMR study

Proton pulsed field gradient (PFG) NMR was used to study the diffusion of poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride) (PDADMAC) in coacervates formed from this polycation and the protein bovine serum albumin (BSA). Application of high (up to 30 T/m) magnetic field gradients in PFG NMR measurements allowed probing the diffusion of PDADMAC on a length scale of displacements as small as 100 nm in coacervates formed at different pH's and ionic strengths, i.e., conditions of varying protein-polycation interaction energy. Studies were carried out for a broad range of diffusion times and corresponding values of the mean square displacements. Several ensembles of PDADMAC polycations with different diffusivities were observed in the measured range of diffusion times. The existence of these ensembles and the pattern of their changes with increasing diffusion time support the hypothesis about the microscopic heterogeneity of PDADMAC-BSA coacervates and also provide evidence for the dynamic disintegration and reformation of dense domains.     

Accumulation and filtering of nanoparticles in microchannels using electrohydrodynamically induced vortical flows

We present an approach for the accumulation and filtering of nano- and microparticles in microfluidic devices that is based on the generation of electric traveling waves in the radio-frequency range. Upon application of the electric field via a microelectrode array, complex particle trajectories and particle accumulation are observed in well-defined regions in a microchannel. Through the quantitative mapping of the 3-D flow pattern using two-focus fluorescence cross-correlation spectroscopy, two vortices could be identified as one of the sources of the force field that induces the formation of particle clouds. Dielectrophoretic forces that directly act on the particles are the second source of the force field. A thorough 2-D finite element analysis identifies the electric traveling wave mechanism as the cause for the unexpected flow behavior observed. Based on these findings, strategies are discussed, first, for avoiding the vortices to optimize electrohydrodynamic micropumps and, secondly, for utilizing the vortices in the development of microdevices for efficient particle accumulation, separation, and filtering. Such devices may find numerous biomedical applications when highly diluted nano- and microsuspensions have to be processed.     

Synthesis of novel curcumin analogues and their evaluation as selective cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1) inhibitors

Curcumin, a major yellow pigment and active component of turmeric, has been shown to possess anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer activities. Recent studies have indicated that cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1) plays an important role in inflammation and carcinogenesis. In order to find more selective COX-1 inhibitors a series of novel curcumin derivatives was synthesized and evaluated for their ability to inhibit this enzyme using in vitro inhibition assays for COX-1 and COX-2 by measuring PGE(2) production. All curcumin analogues showed a higher rate of COX-1 inhibition. The most potent curcumin compounds were (1E,6E)-1,7-di-(2,3,4-trimethoxyphenyl)-1,6-heptadien-3,5-dione (4) (COX-1: IC(50) = 0.06 microM, COX-2: IC(50) > 100 microM, selectivity index>1666) and (1E,6E)-methyl 4-[7-(4-methoxycarbonyl)phenyl]-3,5-dioxo-1,6-heptadienyl]benzoate (6) (COX-1: IC(50) = 0.05 microM, COX-2: IC(50) > 100 microM, selectivity index > 2000). Curcumin analogues therefore represent a novel class of highly selective COX-1 inhibitors and promising candidates for in vivo studies.