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941.
Martinez M del Carmen Michelini M Rivalta I Russo N Sicilia E 《Inorganic chemistry》2005,44(26):9807-9816
The acetylene cyclotrimerization reaction mediated by the left-hand-side bare transition metal atoms Y, Zr, Nb, and Mo has been studied theoretically, employing DFT in its B3LYP formulation. The complete reaction mechanism has been analyzed, identifying intermediates and transition states. Both the ground spin state and at least one low-lying excited state have been considered to establish whether possible spin crossings between surfaces of different multiplicity can occur. Our results show that the overall reaction is highly favorable from a thermodynamic point of view and ground state transition states lie always below the energy limit represented by ground state reactants. After the activation of two acetylene molecules and formation of a bis-ligated complex, the reaction proceeds to give a metallacycle intermediate, as the alternative formation of a cyclobutadiene complex is energetically disfavored. All the examined reaction paths involve formation of a metallacycloheptatriene intermediate that in turn generates a metal-benzene adduct from which finally benzene is released. Similarities and differences in the behaviors of the considered four metal atoms have been examined. 相似文献
942.
Determination of aflatoxins B1, G1, B2 and G2 in medicinal herbs by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
Ventura M Gómez A Anaya I Díaz J Broto F Agut M Comellas L 《Journal of chromatography. A》2004,1048(1):25-29
An easy method for the determination of aflatoxins B1, G1, B2 and G2 in Rhammus purshiana by LC coupled to mass spectrometry has been developed. Aflatoxins were extracted with a mixture of methanol and water and then it was purified by solid-phase clean-up using a polymeric sorbent, not described previously, for the determination of these toxins. The eluted extract was injected into the chromatographic system using a reversed-phase C18 short column with an isocratic mobile phase composed of methanol-water (30:70). A single-quadruple mass spectrometry using an electrospray ionization source operating in the positive ion mode was used to detect aflatoxins due to derivatization presenting several disadvantages. Recoveries of the full analytical procedure were 110% for aflatoxin B1, 89% for aflatoxin B2, 81% for aflatoxin G1 and 77% for aflatoxin G2. Detection limit (S/N = 3) was 10 ng and quantification limit (S/N = 10) was 25 ng, calculated as amount in medicinal herb. 相似文献
943.
Rubin Gulaboski Carlos M. Pereira M. Natalia D. S. Cordeiro Ivan Bogeski Fernando Silva 《Journal of Solid State Electrochemistry》2005,9(6):469-474
An electrochemical method for the detection of enzymatically created anions is described that uses a thin-film electrode with decamethylferrocene as an electroactive redox probe. The enzymatic oxidation of glucose with enzyme glucose oxidase produces gluconic acid as a final product. The oxidation of decamethylferrocene dissolved in the thin-nitrobenzene film, that is spread on the working graphite electrode and submerged in the aqueous solution containing glucose and glucose oxidase, is followed by the up-take of gluconate anions from the aqueous phase to nitrobenzene. The peak currents of the square-wave voltammetric responses of that system are a linear function of the glucose concentration in the milimolar range from 0.1 mmol/L to 0.7 mmol/L (R2=0.994). 相似文献
944.
The complexes CuII(4-Mepy)2Ag2(CN)4
(1) and CuII(4-Mepy)3Ag2–x
CuI
x
(CN)4
(2) (4-Mepy = 4-methylpyridine, x = 0.07) were isolated from a reaction mixture containing 4-Mepy, K[Ag(CN)2] and CuSO4. I.r. spectra indicated the presence of both monodentate and bridging cyano groups in (1) and (2), confirmed by their known structures, both consisting of neutral zigzag chains. Two neighbouring chains in (2) are linked by argentophilic interactions between Ag atoms of bridging dicyanoargentate anions, whose positions are partly occupied by CuI ions to the extent of 7 at.%, with an unusually short Ag...Ag distance of 2.9264(5) Å, to form a ladder. Individual ladders are tied together as sheets by weaker argentophilic interactions between silver atoms of interdigitated monodentate dicyanoargentate anions of two different ladders. Thermal decomposition of (2) occurs in two separated stages. In the first stage, three 4-Mepy molecules are liberated from the formula unit and, in the second stage, redox decomposition of the cyano groups occurs. The thermal decomposition of (1) is more complicated as the release of two 4-Mepy molecules is overlapped by decomposition of one cyano group followed by further redox decomposition of the remaining cyano groups. 相似文献
945.
Jurij Svete Branko Stanovnik Miha Tiler Ljubo Goli
Ivan Leban 《Journal of heterocyclic chemistry》1989,26(1):145-153
From heteroarylaminomethyleneoxazolones 4 , obtained from N-heteroarylformamidines 2 and 2-phenyl-5-oxo-4,5-dihydro-1,3-oxazole ( 3 ), the following β-heteroarylamino-α,β-dehydro-α-amino acid derivatives were prepared: methyl 8 and ethyl esters 9 , amides 10 and 11 , hydrazides 12 , and azides 15 . By catalytic hydrogenation the compounds 4 were converted into β-heteroarylamino substituted amides 18 and β-heteroarylamino-α-amino acids 20 . 相似文献
946.
ubica Tri
íkov Ivan Poto
k Christoph Wagner 《Acta Crystallographica. Section C, Structural Chemistry》2002,58(4):m246-m248
The structure of the title compound, [Cu(C6H7N)2{Ag(CN)2}2]n, is made up of neutral zigzag chains of [–NC–Ag–CN–Cu(4‐Mepy)2{Ag(CN)2}–NC–Ag–CN–] (4‐Mepy is 4‐methylpyridine). Neighbouring chains are linked by weak argentophilic interactions, with Ag?Ag distances of 3.2322 (12) Å. The Cu atom, which lies on a twofold rotation axis, is pentacoordinated by one monodentate Ag(CN)2? anion [Cu—N 1.985 (3) Å], the atoms of which lie on the same rotation axis, and by bridging dicyanoargentate anions [2 × Cu—N 2.0827 (19) Å], with Ag atoms on inversion centres. The coordination polyhedron is completed by two 4‐Mepy molecules [2 × Cu—N 2.038 (2) Å], which occupy the axial positions of a distorted trigonal bipyramid. 相似文献
947.
Branko Kozuilić Ivančica Leuštek Branka Pavlović Pavao Mildner Slobodan Barbarić 《Applied biochemistry and biotechnology》1987,15(3):265-278
Each of the three high-mannose type glycoproteins studied, acid phosphatase, invertase, and glucose oxidase, could be specifically
cross-linked through its carbohydrate chains. The procedure involves periodate oxidation of carbohydrate residues followed
by reaction of the generated aldehyde groups with adipic acid dihydrazide as a cross-linker. The amount and size as well as
solubility of the formed polymers could be efficiently controlled by varying the reaction conditions, i.e., the oxidation
degree and the concentrations of glycoproteins, cross-linker, and hydrogen ions during the cross-linking reaction. It was
found that the quantity and size of polymers increased with oxidation degree and protein concentration and by lowering the
pH. When the protein concentration was above and pH below certain values, depending on the glycoenzyme, insoluble polymers
formed. The soluble cross-linked polymers retained a high level of original activity, and the minor decrease in specific activity
noticed was shown to occur during the periodate oxidation step. The cross-linked glycoenzymes are much more resistant to denaturation
by high temperature and by changes in pH, demonstrating the usefulness of this method in preparation of the stabilized glycoprotein
derivatives. 相似文献
948.
Spanik I Krupcik J Skacáni I Sandra P Armstrong DW 《Journal of chromatography. A》2005,1071(1-2):59-66
In this work, the separation of enantiomers of N-TFA-O-alkyl amino acids on the 2,3-di-O-pentyl-6-O-acyl alpha-, beta- and gamma-cyclodextrin stationary phases has been studied. The influence of structure differences in the alkyl substituents bonded to the stereogenic carbon atom (R1), as well as in the ester group (R2) of the selected amino acid derivatives, and the selectivity of modified alpha-, beta- and gamma-cyclodextrin phases in gas chromatographic separation of derivatized amino acid enantiomers was studied in detail. A model set of N-TFA-alkyl esters of four amino acids was separated on five columns. The separation of enantiomers was evaluated in terms of the interactions of the alkyl substituents bonded to the stereogenic carbon (R1) and/or the ester group (R2) of the N-TFA-O-alkyl amino acid derivatives as well as the nature of the 3-O-acyl group in the 2,6-di-O-pentyl-3-O-acyl alpha-, beta- and gamma-cyclodextrins. It was shown that the variation in the enantiomeric separation with temperature and the retention order of enantiomers on a given cyclodextrin capillary column depends both on the nature of the bonded R1 and R2 alkyl groups. It was found that the temperature dependencies of selectivity factors, ln alpha on 1/T, were mostly non-linear. The thermodynamic data [delta(deltaS) and [delta(deltaH)] which characterize the chiral recognition were used to gain more insight into the mechanistic aspects of enantio separation of the N-TFA-O-alkyl amino acid derivatives on 2,6-di-O-pentyl-3-O-acyl-alpha-, beta- and gamma-cyclodextrins. 相似文献
949.
Ivan V. Ogorodnyk Igor V. Zatovsky Vyacheslav N. Baumer 《Journal of solid state chemistry》2006,179(12):3681-3687
The single crystals of caesium magnesium titanium (IV) tri-oxo-tetrakis-diphosphate bis-monophosphate, Cs3.70Mg0.60Ti2.78(TiO)3(P2O7)4(PO4)2, crystallize in sp. gr. P-1 (No. 2) with cell parameters a=6.3245(4), b=9.5470(4), c=15.1892(9) Å, α=72.760(4), β=85.689(5), γ=73.717(4), z=1. The titled compound possesses a three-dimensional tunnel structure built by the corner-sharing of distorted [TiO6] octahedra, [Ti2O11] bioctahedra, [PO4] monophosphate and [P2O7] pyrophosphate groups. The Cs+ cations are located in the tunnels. The partial substitution of Ti positions with Mg atoms is observed. The negative charge of the framework is balanced by Cs cations and Mg atoms leading to pronounced concurrency and orientation disorder in the [P2O7] groups, which coordinate both. 相似文献
950.
Activation barriers of the title reactions are calculated using a DZ + P basis set with diffuse p functions on negative ions. In the correlation effects, which are large and negative, the importance of single and triple excitations is stressed. The barrier for the reaction of H? with CH3F is 12 kJ/mole, in good agreement with experiment, while the barrier for the reaction of F? with CH3F is predicted to be 14 kJ/mole. 相似文献