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21.
This paper discusses the straight-through type labyrinth seal. This labyrinth seal is used for axial flow fans, which h ave
an outer ring at the blade tip to seal the clearance between the ring tip and the fan shroud, in order to prevent the reverse
flow or leakage. These fans are used for the cooling of automobile radiators . In these cases, the labyrinth seal is used
in an extremely low static pressure difference and a large clearance . A significant decrease of the leakage rate was reported
even when the labyrinth seal rotated in comparatively low speed in this unique condition according to the authors’ former
report. However, this phenomen on is differ ent from past research. Further more the cause of th is phenomenon has not been
determined. Therefore, the internal flow was depicted with Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) in or der to clarify the ca
use of this phenomenon. The results of CFD show that the leakage rate decreases significantly because the carry -over flow
is intercepted in the expansion groove. This is the newly discovered phenomenon which occurs under the unique condition of
an extremely low differential pressure. It has not been pointed out before as the reason why the rotation decreases the leakage
rate. 相似文献
22.
The combination of the optical diagnostics and image processing technique has produced various methods of practical measurement in engineering. The measurement of size and velocity of droplets in fuel spray is one typical example. In general, the spray is a complicated and three-dimensional two-phase flow; therefore multi-dimensional field measurement of the spray field is indispensable. In the present paper, a technique of simultaneous measurement of droplet size and three-components of velocity is proposed and applied to spray issuing from the swirl nozzle as a practical application. The focused image of glare points is captured by a stereoscopic arrangement, and droplet size and the three-components of velocity are evaluated from the doublet image. Fundamental optical arrangements to capture the image of the glare points with a stereo view are established, and the feasibility and the accuracy of the technique are confirmed. © 2004 The Optical Society of Japan 相似文献
23.
The average heat transfer rates were measured for natural convection of air in a shallow cylindrical enclosure heated from below and cooled from above in a bore space of an inclined super-conducting magnet. Depending on the location of the enclosure in the bore space, the angle of inclination and the strength of magnetic field, the net acceleration force could be arbitrarily varied and in this report, two locations where mostly axial magnetizing force prevails were selected. The average heat transfer rates varied with the angle of inclination due to the change in the total net acceleration of gravitational and magnetizing forces. Numerical computations were also carried out for the similar system under the combined magnetizing and gravitational forces and the computed average Nusselt numbers agreed mostly with the measured results. Detailed flow modes were graphically presented for the computed cases. 相似文献
24.
Yang Ju Yo Hirosawa Masumi Saka Hiroyuki Abé 《International Journal of Infrared and Millimeter Waves》2003,24(3):391-397
We developed a compact equipment working at 94 GHz to replace the commonly used network analyzer for nondestructive testing of materials. The compact equipment was designed to measure the variations in the amplitude and phase of the reflected signal from the material relative to a reference signal. A good accuracy of the amplitude and phase measurement of the equipment was obtained in the confirmative experiments. The distribution of a drop of water in a wood plate is clearly visible in the millimeter wave images obtained by the amplitude and phase measurement. 相似文献
25.
H. Ohta M. Kimata K. Koyama Y. Oshima M. Motokawa H. Nishikawa K. Kikuchi I. Ikemoto 《International Journal of Infrared and Millimeter Waves》2005,26(11):1525-1530
We have developed a new magneto-optical measurement system using a rotational cavity system equipped with a millimeter vector
network analyzer and a 14 T solenoid type super conducting magnet. The measurement can be performed in the transmission configuration
down to 1.6 K. The results of the precise angular dependence measurement of quasi-one-dimensional organic conductor (DMET)2I3 using the new system are shown, and its Fermi surface will be discussed in connection with the previous reports. 相似文献
26.
Total syntheses of the peptide enamide natural products terpeptin and aspergillamides A and B are reported. An oxidative decarboxylation-elimination protocol is employed to construct the indolic enamide moiety. Unambiguous stereochemical assignment of (−)-terpeptin is accomplished by synthesis of all possible stereochemical analogues. Select compounds have been evaluated in cell cycle inhibitor assays which show that the natural amino acid configuration of terpeptin has the most potent inhibitory activity. 相似文献
27.
Pyridine-based, structurally isomeric two macrocyclic compounds displayed a remarkably different complexation nature. The cage-type compound has an ideal structure for spherical cations, especially for the NH4+ ion, but the reaction with some transition metals and Ln3+ produced its protonated species. On the other hand, its isomer formed complexes with alkali metals and lanthanides (1:1) and also with transition metals. Some structures of the complexes were clarified by crystallographic analyses. 相似文献
28.
O-Glycosylations using thiomethyl glycosides as donors were compared under both frozen and unfrozen conditions. In the presence of MeOTf as a promoter, enormous rate acceleration was observed when the glycosylation was conducted in p-xylene below its freezing point. 相似文献
29.
Muhammad Faisal Nobuaki Sato Armando T. Quitain Hiroyuki Daimon Koichi Fujie 《国际化学动力学杂志》2007,39(3):175-180
The kinetics and pathway of hydrothermal decomposition of aspartic acid were studied using a continuous‐flow tubular reactor. The reaction was carried out in the temperature range of 200–260°C and at a pressure of 20 MPa. Deamination was the primary reaction, indicated by the presence of significant amount of ammonia, fumaric acid, or maleic acid in the products. Other reaction products were pyruvic acid, malic acid, and traces of succinic and lactic acid. Traces of alanine were also detected, showing the possibility of decomposing high‐molecular weight amino acids to obtain simple amino acids such as glycine or alanine. Results on the effect of reaction parameters demonstrated that decomposition of aspartic acid is highly temperature dependent under hydrothermal conditions. For a slight temperature difference of 60°C (from 200 to 260°C), the first‐order reaction rate constants of 0.003 significantly increased to 0.231 s?1. The activation energy was 144 kJ/mol, as calculated by the Arrhenius equation. No significant effect was exhibited by other reaction parameters such as pH and pressure. The results are useful in controlling the hydrolysis of proteinaceous materials toward high yield of aspartic acid under hydrothermal conditions. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. 39: 175–180, 2007 相似文献
30.