全文获取类型
收费全文 | 438521篇 |
免费 | 5004篇 |
国内免费 | 1882篇 |
专业分类
化学 | 237238篇 |
晶体学 | 5282篇 |
力学 | 19426篇 |
综合类 | 68篇 |
数学 | 51421篇 |
物理学 | 131972篇 |
出版年
2020年 | 3524篇 |
2019年 | 3795篇 |
2018年 | 5059篇 |
2017年 | 5085篇 |
2016年 | 7387篇 |
2015年 | 4620篇 |
2014年 | 7115篇 |
2013年 | 17980篇 |
2012年 | 14220篇 |
2011年 | 17403篇 |
2010年 | 12369篇 |
2009年 | 12058篇 |
2008年 | 16343篇 |
2007年 | 16642篇 |
2006年 | 15572篇 |
2005年 | 14169篇 |
2004年 | 12839篇 |
2003年 | 11523篇 |
2002年 | 11451篇 |
2001年 | 12508篇 |
2000年 | 9668篇 |
1999年 | 7248篇 |
1998年 | 6250篇 |
1997年 | 6253篇 |
1996年 | 5975篇 |
1995年 | 5285篇 |
1994年 | 5487篇 |
1993年 | 5065篇 |
1992年 | 5731篇 |
1991年 | 5747篇 |
1990年 | 5507篇 |
1989年 | 5378篇 |
1988年 | 5399篇 |
1987年 | 5234篇 |
1986年 | 5074篇 |
1985年 | 6807篇 |
1984年 | 7115篇 |
1983年 | 5950篇 |
1982年 | 6280篇 |
1981年 | 5968篇 |
1980年 | 5806篇 |
1979年 | 5965篇 |
1978年 | 6457篇 |
1977年 | 6391篇 |
1976年 | 6462篇 |
1975年 | 5926篇 |
1974年 | 6138篇 |
1973年 | 6275篇 |
1972年 | 4635篇 |
1971年 | 3803篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 584 毫秒
61.
62.
63.
Knyazev A. A. Karyakin M. E. Krupin A. S. Galyametdinov Yu. G. 《Russian Journal of General Chemistry》2015,85(12):2806-2812
Russian Journal of General Chemistry - Hybrid liquid crystal systems with different ratios of the components have been prepared on the basis of 5,5′-di(heptadecyl)-2,2′-bipyridine... 相似文献
64.
65.
We summarize the results of our recent work on Bäcklund transformations (BTs), particularly focusing on the relation between BTs and infinitesimal symmetries. We present a BT for an associated Degasperis–Procesi (aDP) equation and its superposition principle and investigate the solutions generated by applying this BT. Following our general methodology, we use the superposition principle of the BT to generate the infinitesimal symmetries of the aDP equation. 相似文献
66.
G. Peruginelli 《代数通讯》2018,46(11):4724-4738
We classify the maximal subrings of the ring of n×n matrices over a finite field, and show that these subrings may be divided into three types. We also describe all of the maximal subrings of a finite semisimple ring, and categorize them into two classes. As an application of these results, we calculate the covering number of a finite semisimple ring. 相似文献
67.
New Effects in the Poly-N-Vinylcaprolactam/Titanium(IV) Oxides Nanocomposite System and Their Nature
Nanocomposites based on poly-N-vinylcaprolactam (PVC), characterized by different drying temperatures of aqueous PVC solution at 25°С (PVC25) and 40°С (PVC40), with titanium(IV) oxide nanoparticles (TONs) (η-phase (TP: TiO2 – x · mH2O) with a superstructure to the anatase structure and ordered solid solution with partial replacement of oxygen atoms in the η-phase with peroxo group O 2 2– (PP: TiO x (O2)2 – x · nH2O)) have been obtained for the first time and characterized by X-ray diffraction and IR spectroscopy. It is found that a common feature of TP/PVC and PP/PVC obtained by dry mixing and grinding is the decrease in the number of water molecules for TP and PP in the interlayer space of the structure and their attachment to the PVC amide groups; the differences are related to the specificity of PVC behavior in these systems: mechanodestruction of PVC in PP/PVC40 and different numbers of water molecules in PVC25 and PVC40. 相似文献
68.
69.
70.
Experimental and Theoretical Studies on the Rearrangement of 2‐Oxoazepane α,α‐Amino Acids into 2′‐Oxopiperidine β2,3,3‐Amino Acids: An Example of Intramolecular Catalysis 下载免费PDF全文
Dr. Diego Núñez‐Villanueva Dr. M. Ángeles Bonache Laura Lozano Dr. Lourdes Infantes Prof. José Elguero Prof. Ibon Alkorta Prof. M. Teresa García‐López Dr. Rosario González‐Muñiz Dr. Mercedes Martín‐Martínez 《Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2015,21(6):2489-2500
Enantiopure β‐amino acids represent interesting scaffolds for peptidomimetics, foldamers and bioactive compounds. However, the synthesis of highly substituted analogues is still a major challenge. Herein, we describe the spontaneous rearrangement of 4‐carboxy‐2‐oxoazepane α,α‐amino acids to lead to 2′‐oxopiperidine‐containing β2,3,3‐amino acids, upon basic or acid hydrolysis of the 2‐oxoazepane α,α‐amino acid ester. Under acidic conditions, a totally stereoselective synthetic route has been developed. The reordering process involved the spontaneous breakdown of an amide bond, which typically requires strong conditions, and the formation of a new bond leading to the six‐membered heterocycle. A quantum mechanical study was carried out to obtain insight into the remarkable ease of this rearrangement, which occurs at room temperature, either in solution or upon storage of the 4‐carboxylic acid substituted 2‐oxoazepane derivatives. This theoretical study suggests that the rearrangement process occurs through a concerted mechanism, in which the energy of the transition states can be lowered by the participation of a catalytic water molecule. Interestingly, it also suggested a role for the carboxylic acid at position 4 of the 2‐oxoazepane ring, which facilitates this rearrangement, participating directly in the intramolecular catalysis. 相似文献