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51.
Summary For a body which is initially in a state of uniform anti-plane shear, the wave motion generated by a rapidly extending crack is analyzed in this paper. It is shown that extension with constant speeds of the crack tips is not consistent with the criterion for brittle fracture, but it is consistent with a fracture criterion related to postulated zones of cohesive tractions near the crack tips.
Zusammenfassung Anbringen eines Lochs in einem gespannten Körper kann die Entstchung eines rasch sich ausbreitenden Risses veranlassen. In dieser Arbeit wird für einen Körper, der sich ursprünglich in einem Zustand gleichförmiger Schubspannung befand, die durch einen in schneller Ausbreitung begriffenen Riß verursachte Wellenbewegung untersucht. Es wird gezeigt, daß eine Ausbreitung mit konstanten Geschwindigkeiten der Rißenden nicht verträglich ist mit dem Kriterium für Sprödbruch, wohl aber mit einem Bruchkriterium, das mit postulierten Zonen kohäsiver Zugspannungen in der Nähe der Rißenden zusammenhängt.相似文献
52.
Dyer FB Park CM Joseph R Garner P 《Journal of the American Chemical Society》2011,133(50):20033-20035
A synthesis of aziridine-containing peptides via the Cu(II)-promoted coupling of unprotected peptide thioacids and N-H aziridine-2-carbonyl peptides is reported. The unique reactivity of the resulting N-acylated aziridine-2-carbonyl peptides facilitates their subsequent regioselective and stereoselective nucleophilic ring-opening to give unprotected peptides that are specifically modified at the ligation site. The aziridine-mediated peptide ligation concept is exemplified using H(2)O as the nucleophile, producing a Xaa-Thr linkage (where Xaa can be an epimerizable and hindered amino acid). The overall process is compatible with a variety of unprotected amino acid functionality, most notably the N-terminal and Lys side chain amines. 相似文献
53.
AndrewF. Kiely MarkS. Meier BrianO. Patrick JohnP. Selegue Carolyn PrattBrock 《Helvetica chimica acta》2003,86(4):1140-1151
The crystal structure of 7,8‐(dichloromethano)homo[70]fullerene shows that addition of the dichlorocarbene (:CCl2) to C70 gives a surprisingly normal methano‐bridged [9]annulene. The structural changes caused by the addition are highly localized; the C(7)? C(8) distance lengthens by 0.705(2) Å but no other distance changes by more than 0.022(3) Å. Bond angles within the [9]annulene increase by as much as 7.8(1)°, but changes outside the C9 ring are much smaller. The nearly ellipsoidal molecules form hexagonally close‐packed layers that interact in pairs through short Cl???C, and possibly short Cl???Cl and C???C, interactions. 相似文献
54.
Optically detected spin locking and adiabatic demagnetization in the rotating frame are used to directly measure the rate constants for trap-to-band promotion and trap-to-trap energy migration in 1,2,4,5-tetrachlorobenzene. Comparison of these rate constants at a given temperature gives the quantum yield for the decay of a promoted localized state into a mobile exciton state. Its dependence on temperature is also determined. 相似文献
55.
A method for parallel sorting in vector machines is described. It is shown that it has complexityO(N(logN)2). 相似文献
56.
The analysing power Aγ(θ) for neutron-proton scattering has been measured at 14.1 MeV for c.m. angles between 50° and 157°. A polarized neutron beam was produced by the reaction at 110 keV, using polarized deuterons from an atomic beam polarized ion source. Liquid and plastic scintillators were used for proton targets and the scattered particles were detected in an array of plastic scintillators. Use of the associated alpha technique, multi-parameter recording of events and off-line computer treatment led to very low backgrounds. The results differ significantly from the predictions of the phase-shift analyses of Yale IV, Livermore X and Arndt et al. We find, however, excellent agreement with the predictions of the “Paris potential” of Lacombe et al. Existing n-p analysing power results up to 30 MeV are surveyed and found to be consistent. An attempt was made to look for an isospin splitting of the triplet P-wave phase shifts. 相似文献
57.
Flickinger ST Patel M Binkowski BF Lowe AM Li MH Kim C Cerrina F Belshaw PJ 《Organic letters》2006,8(11):2357-2360
[reaction: see text] We report the development of a safety-catch photolabile linker that allows the light-directed synthesis and spatially selective photorelease of oligonucleotides from microarrays. The linker remains stable to light during DNA synthesis, and is activated for photorelease after acidic hydrolysis. We demonstrate that the photoreleased oligonucleotides can be amplified by PCR to produce double stranded DNA. The advantages offered by this linker could aid the development of an automated gene synthesis platform. 相似文献
58.
Möhrle BP Köhler K Jaehrling J Brock R Gauglitz G 《Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry》2006,384(2):407-413
Reflectometric interference spectroscopy (RIfS) is a label-free, time-resolved technique for detecting interactions of molecules
immobilized on a surface with ligands in solution. Here we show that RIfS also permits the detection of the adhesion of tissue
culture cells to a functionalized surface in a flow system. Interactions of T cells with other leukocytes or epithelial cells
of blood vessels are crucial steps in the regulating immune response and inflammatory reactions. Jurkat T cell leukemia cells
rapidly attached to a transducer functionalized with a monoclonal antibody directed against the T cell receptor (TCR)/CD3
complex, followed by activation-dependent cell spreading. RIfS curves were obtained for the Jurkat derivative JCaM 1.6 (which
lacks the key signaling protein Lck), cells preincubated with cytochalasin D (an inhibitor of actin polymerization), and for
surfaces functionalized with an antibody directed against the coreceptor CD28. These curves differed with respect to the maximum
signal and the initial slope of the increase in optical thickness. The testing of chemical inhibitors, cell surface molecules
and gene products relevant to a key event in T cell immunity illustrates the potential of label-free techniques for the analysis
of activation-dependent cell-surface contacts.
The first two authors contributed equally to this paper 相似文献
59.
Abazov VM Abbott B Abolins M Acharya BS Adams M Adams T Alexeev GD Alkhazov G Alton A Alverson G Alves GA Ancu LS Aoki M Arnoud Y Arov M Askew A Asman B Atramentov O Avila C BackusMayes J Badaud F Bagby L Baldin B Bandurin DV Banerjee S Barberis E Baringer P Barreto J Bartlett JF Bassler U Beale S Bean A Begalli M Begel M Belanger-Champagne C Bellantoni L Benitez JA Beri SB Bernardi G Bernhard R Bertram I Besançon M Beuselinck R Bezzubov VA Bhat PC Bhatnagar V Blazey G Blessing S Bloom K 《Physical review letters》2010,105(25):251801
We present a search for the standard model Higgs boson produced in association with a Z boson in 4.2 fb(-1) of pp collisions, collected with the D0 detector at the Fermilab Tevatron at sqrt[s] =1 .96 TeV. Selected events contain one reconstructed Z → e+ e- or Z → μ+ μ- candidate and at least two jets, including at least one b-tagged jet. In the absence of an excess over the background expected from other standard model processes, limits on the ZH cross section multiplied by the branching ratios are set. The limit at M(H) = 115 GeV is a factor of 5.9 larger than the standard model prediction. 相似文献
60.
Darren Dale Sol M. Gruner Joel Brock Don Bilderback Ernie Fontes 《Synchrotron Radiation News》2013,26(6):4-11
There is growing excitement in the synchrotron materials science community about the potential of nearly diffraction-limited, high-repetition rate, hard X-ray sources, such as an Energy Recovery Linac (ERL) or an Ultimate Storage Ring (USR), and that these sources will pave the way to scientific insights and discoveries not possible with existing facilities. These future sources will deliver highly coherent, nearly diffraction-limited X-ray beams that will power ultra-intense, nanometer-scale X-ray probes and imaging capabilities approaching atomic resolution. They will produce X-ray pulses at MHz to GHz repetition rates and span pulse durations from below 50 femtoseconds to tens of picoseconds, enabling new classes of experiments in hard X-ray science. 相似文献