Microdetermination of silver(I) and iodide ions with a pyridinol azo dye: A spectrophotometric method

A simple, rapid, sensitive, and selective method for the spectrophotometric microdetermination of silver(I) using ammonium(2′,3′-dihydroxy pyridyl-4′-azo)benzene-4-arsonate (DHP-4A), a water soluble pyridinol azo dye is proposed. The red colored 1:1 (metal to ligand) complex formed has molar extinction coefficient (ε) 2.95 × 10⁴ 1 mol⁻¹ cm⁻¹ and absorbs maximum at 535 nm, in highly alkaline medium. Beer's law is obeyed up to 3.36 ppm and Sandell's sensitivity (for an absorbance 0.001) is 0.0037 μg of Ag(I)/cm². The silver(I)-(DHP-4A) complex has also been used in the microdetermination of iodide ions using ligand exchange reaction. The optimum concentration range of iodide ions which can reproducibly be determined is 1.27–37.9 μg/10 ml.     

Synthesis and studies on metal coordination with a novel carboxyamide ligand

Novel complexes of Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II) and Pd(II) with the new ligand [N,N'-bis(2-carboxy-1-oxo-phenelenyl)ethylenediamine] (H2L) have been synthesized and characterized on the basis of elemental analyses, magnetic susceptibility, thermal, infrared, electronic, 1H NMR and EPR spectral studies. Infrared and 1H NMR spectra show that H2L acts as a binegative tetradentate ligand. Coordination occurs through deprotonated carboxylate oxygens and nondeprotonated amido nitrogens in all the complexes. Electronic spectral studies and magnetic moment values suggest N2O2 coordination around each metal centre with strong field square planar chromophores. The probable structures of the complexes have been assigned on the basis of spectral studies. The complex formation between M(II) [M(II) = Mn(II), Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II) and Zn(II)] and (L2-) has also been studied potentiometrically in 75% aqueous DMF at 25 degrees C in 0.1 M NaClO4. The stability constants were found to follow the order: Mn(II) < Co(II) < Ni(II) < Cu(II) > Zn(II).     

Spin crossover studies in tris(N,N′-dialkyldithiocarbamato)iron(III) complexes

A series of fifteen complexes of the type [Fe(RRNCS₂)₃] with symmetric (R=R=n- C₆H₁₃, n-C₈H₁₇, CH₂–CH=;CH₂, C₆H₅, C₆H₁₁ and C₆H₅CH₂), unsymmetric (R = CH₃; R = n-C₄H₉, C₆H₁₁, C₆H₅ and R = C₂H₅; R = n-C₄H₉, C₆H₁₁, C₆H₅ and i-C₃H₇) and ring substituents (RNR=pyrrolidyl and piperidyl) have been synthesized and their magnetic moments and Mössbauer spectra recorded from room temperature (RT) to liquid nitrogen temperature (LNT). Room temperature Mössbauer spectra of all the complexes exhibit an asymmetric doublet, which could be resolved into two doublets, each corresponding to low and high spin states in equilibrium. The crystal structure of tris(N, N-diallyldithiocarbamato)iron(III) shows it to be monoclinic with trigonally distorted octahedral geometry and space group C2/c. Fe–S stretching vibrations in the far i.r. region also show equilibria, HS LS. Depending on the nature of the alkyl group substituent, variable temperature magnetic moment and Mössbauer spectral studies, all the complexes may be divided into three groups; high spin complexes exhibiting spin-crossover (⁶A_1g ²T_2g), high spin complexes exhibiting spin transition (⁶A_1g ⁴T_1g) and intermediate spin complexes showing spin transition (⁴A_1g ²T_2g). On the basis of areas of the two doublets corresponding to high and low spin states, their percent contributions were calculated. Furthermore, magnetic moments of the equilibrium mixture calculated on the basis of respective areas compare well with the experimentally determined _eff values. E_Q values for both high and low spin states show linear decrease with increasing temperature.     

M?ssbauer and other spectral studies of Fe(III) complexes of benzothiazolines

Different molar reactions of Fe(OPr¹)₃, and FeCl₃ with benzothiazolines having an NSH donor system. derived by the condensation ofo-aminothiophenol with heterocyclic aldehydes. viz. pyridine-2-aldehyde. furfuraldehyde and thiophene-2-aldehyde. lead to the formation of [Fe.Pr¹(NS)₂]₂, [Fc(NS)₃] and [Fe(NS)₂Cl| type of complexes. The resulting derivatives have been characterized by elemental analysis, conductivity measurements, molecular weight determinations and magnetic studies. IR, electronic, M?ssbauer and ESR spectral data have been used to deduce the structures of the resulting derivatives.     

Mössbauer study of Brazilian soapstone

Steatite mineral rocks, soapstone, have been studied by X-ray diffraction, optical microscopic analysis (modal analysis), electron probe micro analysis and Mössbauer spectroscopy for characterization, mineral percentages and chemical composition. Mössbauer spectra show both, magnetic interactions corresponding to magnetite and doublets corresponding to talc. chlorite, dolomite and tremolite. The temperature dependence of the quadrupole splitting in dolomite has been explained in terms of crystal field interaction.     

Complexation behaviour of benzilmono(Iepidyl)hydrazone (BLH) toward bivalent metal ions: A potentiometric study

Potentiometric investigations on metal complexes of various bivalent metal ions, viz. UO₂(II), Cu(II), Ni(II), Co(II), Cd(II), Pb(II), Zn(II) and Mn(II) with benzilmonol(lepidy!)hydrazone (BLH) have been carried out at different ionic strengths and at different temperatures in order to determine stability constants of the complexes. Thermodynamic parameters ΔC, ΔH and ΔS have also been evaluated from temperature coefficient data. The effect of varying the dielectric constant of the medium on the stability constants of complexes has also been investigated at 30±0.5°C and μ = 0.1MNaCl. Thermodynamic stability constants and thermodynamic stabilization energies for the first transition metals have also been discussed.     

Cobalt(II) complexes of new biomimetic polydentate amide ligands. A spectroscopic,thermal and potentiometric study

Complexes of Co^II with N,N-bis-(3-carboxy-1-oxopropanyl)-1,2-ethylenediamine(L₁), N,N-bis-(3-carboxy-1-oxopropanyl)-1,2-phenylenediamine(L₂), N,N-bis-(2-carboxy-1-oxophenelenyl)-1,2-phenylenediamine(L₃) and N,N-bis-(3-carboxy-1-oxoprop-2-enyl)-1,2-phenylenediamine(L₄) have been prepared and characterized by elemental analysis, vibrational spectra, magnetic susceptibility measurements, electronic spectra and thermal studies. Stability constants of the complexes have been evaluated potentiometrically. Vibrational spectra indicate coordination of amide and carboxylate oxygens of the ligands along with two water molecules giving a MO₆ weak field octahedral chromophore. Electronic spectra support octahedral geometry around Co^II. The [Co(L₁)-(H₂O)₂] · 2H₂O complex has the maximum activation energy and [Co(L₃)(H₂O)₂] complex has the minimum activation energy. The order of stability constants of the Co^II complexes with various ligands is due to their -donor abilities.     

Rapid identification of trimethyl and triethyl amines using sulphonic acidic ionic liquids: A time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry study of fragmentation reactions

The time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (TOF-SIMS) has emerged as a powerful tool for the unswerving detection of biomolecules, in particular, proteins and peptides. To date, there is very little information available on the direct determination of trimethyl/triethyl amines using TOF-SIMS. One major hurdle in this regard is an ultrahigh vacuum system, usually needed in TOF-SIMS, which hampers its usability to trimethyl/triethyl amines owing to their high evaporation rate. We designed an efficient and sensitive protocol for rapid identification and sensitive determination of tertiaryalkyl amines using TOF-SIMS. The amines were derivatized by reaction with 1,4-butane sultone and sulphuric acid sequentially to afford the corresponding sulphonic acidic ionic liquids (ILs). The TOF-SIMS analysis of these task-specific ILs (TSILs) was carried out in both positive and negative polarity. The positive ion mass spectra of TSILs showed sharp fragmented peaks for tertiaryalkyl amines at typical level and up to 10 ppm. The possible mechanism for different fragmentation pathways in positive polarity was discussed.