Stochastic models for bidding strategies on oligopoly electricity market

In this paper we consider the forward/futures contracts and Asian-type call options for power delivery as important components of the bidding strategies of the players’ profits on the electricity market. We show how these derivatives can affect their profit. We use linear asymmetric supply function equilibrium (SFE) and Cournot models to develop firms’ optimal bidding strategies by including forward/futures contracts and Asian-type options. We extend the methodology proposed by Niu et al. (IEEE Trans Power Syst 20(4):1859–1867, 2005), where only forward contracts for power delivery were considered in the SFE model.     

On non-normal arc-transitive 4-valent dihedrants

Let X be a connected non-normal 4-valent arc-transitive Cayley graph on a dihedral group Dn such that X is bipartite, with the two bipartition sets being the two orbits of the cyclic subgroup within Dn. It is shown that X is isomorphic either to the lexicographic product Cn[2K1] with n 〉 4 even, or to one of the five sporadic graphs on 10, 14, 26, 28 and 30 vertices, respectively.     

The stability of the <Superscript>105</Superscript>[Rh(16S<Subscript>4</Subscript>diol)Cl<Subscript>2</Subscript>]<Superscript>+</Superscript> radiopharmaceutical precursor in solutions containing human plasma thiols

¹⁰⁵Rh[1,5,9,13-tetrathiacyclohexadecane-3,11-diol] is a promising drug precursor for targeted radiotherapy. Nevertheless, the axial position of chloride ions in the complex structure and their weak binding to rhodium centre, due to HSAB concept, make such a complex subject to modifying action of certain sulphuric ligands, like human plasma thiol antioxidants: glutathione and cysteine. Experiments were performed with both radioactive ¹⁰⁵Rh and inactive rhodium. The complexation of rhodium with 1,5,9,13-tetrathiacyclohexadecane-3,11-diol (16S₄diol) resulted in three distinct peaks seen on UV, radiometric and MS chromatograms. The substitution of chlorides was noted in over 80% of ¹⁰⁵[Rh(16S₄diol)Cl₂]⁺ units after incubation with glutathione, and less than 10% of complex units after incubation with cysteine (24 h, 37 °C). Reaction of ¹⁰⁵[Rh(16S₄diol)Cl₂]⁺ with 1,8-octandithiol and 1,9-nonandithiol resulted in disappearance of the complex peak and occurrence of two new peaks. Product of RhCl₃ and 16S₄diol reaction is a mixture of three distinct forms having different number of chlorine atoms. Our in vitro experiments suggest that the substitution of axial chlorides with glutathione and cysteine might also occur in vivo in human plasma. Glutathione shows higher reactivity than cysteine in replacement reaction. Axial positions in precursor might be effectively blocked by 1,8-octandithiol and 1,9-nonandithiol.     

Synthesis of Symmetrical Multichromophoric Bodipy Dyes and Their Facile Transformation into Energy Transfer Cassettes

Multichromophoric boron‐dipyrromethene (Bodipy) dyes synthesized on phenylene‐ethynylene platforms have been be converted to energy transfer cassettes in a one‐step chemical transformation. Excitation energy transfer processes in these highly symmetrical derivatives were studied in detail, including time‐resolved fluorescence spectroscopy techniques. Excitation spectra and the emission lifetimes suggest efficient energy transfer between the donor and acceptor chromophore. These novel energy transfer cassettes, while highlighting a short‐cut approach to similar energy transfer systems, could be useful as large pseudo‐Stokes shift multichromophoric dyes with potential applications in diverse applications.     

On the regularity of discrete linear systems

In this paper we have introduced a new regularity coefficient of time varying discrete linear system. On the base of this coefficient we have characterized the regularity of homogeneous discrete time varying linear systems by nonhomogeneous ones. Moreover we provided bounds for the regularity coefficient in terms of the existing in the literature regularity coefficients.     

Synthesis and multiparameter sensor properties of the crown‐containing thiophene derivatives

A novel ditopic receptor was constructed as a combination of bisthiophene with pyridinylvinyl and crown‐containing styryl fragments. In the receptor, the pyridine residue was able to coordinate Fe²⁺, Cd²⁺, and Mg²⁺ metal cations, whereas the oxocrown ether moiety bound with the alkaline earth metal (Mg²⁺, Ca²⁺, and Ba²⁺) cations. ¹H NMR, optical, electrochemical, and ESI‐MS results provided conclusive evidence of a complex formation through both the coordination centers of the molecule. The obtained results showed that cation complexation induces optical and electrochemical changes, particularly for each binding center. This type of multiparameter sensor provides interesting perspectives for the future design of unique sensors, promising different analytical techniques. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.