高低温加载对大理岩力学特性影响的试验研究

许多工程（如采矿、隧道掘进、地热开采等）都涉及到岩石损伤及破碎问题．传统的岩石损伤破碎技术，如爆破法、水射流法、机械掘进法等均面临着一系列问题，利用岩石的热损伤性质辅助机械破岩有望实现安全、高效破岩的目的．大理岩是一种典型的硬岩，常见许多工程之中，因此本文以大理岩为研究对象，首先将均质性较好的大理岩试样加热至不同温度(20~1000 °C)后放入液氮中进行急速冷处理，然后对其进行了系列的物理力学性质测试．试验结果表明：处理后密度、纵波波速、抗拉强度、单轴抗压强度(UCS)和弹性模量整体上都随温度的上升而下降；当加热温度在100 °C之前，大理岩表现出一定的热硬化现象，即随着温度升高，其UCS、纵波波速以及弹性变形模量均增大；UCS变化的阈值温度为400 °C左右，一旦温度超过400 °C，UCS迅速下降，其速率达到了9 MPa/100 °C，当温度超过500 °C弹性模量迅速下降，其速率达到7.00 GPa/100 °C，表明岩样抵抗变形能力减弱．整体上，热加载降低了大理岩的脆性，使其在单轴作用下的破坏模式由脆性破坏逐渐转化为弹塑性破坏．     

Tikhonov-regularization-based projecting sparsity pursuit method for fluorescence molecular tomography reconstruction

For fluorescence molecular tomography(FMT),image quality could be improved by incorporating a sparsity constraint.The L1 norm regularization method has been proven better than the L2 norm,like Tikhonov regularization.However,the Tikhonov method was found capable of achieving a similar quality at a high iteration cost by adopting a zeroing strategy.By studying the reason,a Tikhonov-regularization-based projecting sparsity pursuit method was proposed that reduces the iterations significantly and achieves good image quality.It was proved in phantom experiments through time-domain FMT that the method could obtain higher accuracy and less oversparsity and is more applicable for heterogeneous-target reconstruction,compared with several regularization methods implemented in this Letter.     

SiW12、CsPbI3协同提高TiO2纳米管光电转换效率的研究

为克服TiO₂纳米管在光电转换时电子-空穴复合率高和吸收光谱范围窄的缺陷,利用多酸H₄SiW₁₂O₄₀(SiW₁₂)和CsPbI₃量子点对其协同修饰,采用电沉积法将SiW₁₂沉积在TiO₂纳米管上,制备了SiW₁₂/TiO₂纳米管复合薄膜;使用高温热注射法合成出CsPbI₃量子点,再通过化学浴沉积法沉积CsPbI₃量子点到复合薄膜上,得到SiW₁₂/CsPbI₃/TiO₂纳米管复合薄膜,探究SiW₁₂沉积时间、CsPbI₃沉积次数对TiO₂纳米管光电性能的影响。利用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、能谱仪(EDS)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)、X射线衍射(XRD)仪、红外分光光度计(FT-IR)、紫外-可见分光光度计(UV-Vis)对薄膜进行表征,使用电化学工作站测试薄膜的光电化学性能。结果表明:TiO₂纳米管沉积多酸SiW₁₂和CsPbI₃量子点后,光吸收范围扩大、电荷转移电阻降低,光电转换效率得到显著提升,最高达到0.52%。说明SiW₁₂和CsPbI₃的协同作用很好地抑制了TiO₂纳米管电子-空穴的复合,并拓宽了吸收光谱范围,提高了TiO₂纳米管的光电转换效率。     

Atomically Dispersed Ni Single-Atoms Anchored on N-Doped Graphene Aerogels for Highly Efficient Electromagnetic Wave Absorption

Uniformly dispersed nickel single atoms（SAs） are experimentally prepared on ultralight N-doped graphene aerogels（Ni-SA@NRGA）. The experimental results show that Ni-SAs in graphene aerogels can improve the conduction, polarization losses, and impedance matching properties of the Ni-SA@NRGA. As a result, the minimum reflection loss(R_L,min) of Ni-SA@NRGA is-49.46 d B with a matching thickness of 2.0 mm and the broadest efficient absorption bandwidth is 3.12 GHz at a low thickness of 1.5 ...     

理解数学 重视本质——从一个“是否为同一函数”的争议说开去

由一次活动中出现的争议谈起,从函数的定义中寻找“同一个函数”的理论依据和判断准则,重视从“对应”的角度解决问题,并进一步指出对“同一个函数”的不同解读是造成争议的深层原因,从而主张数学教学要理解数学,重视本质.     

一次出人意料的探究之旅

新课程教学的一个重要特点,就是重视对学生研究性学习的教学,但如果教师本身缺乏相关数学问题研究过程的体验,那么对其教学思想方法的形成有着不利的影响.就像在语文教师中提倡写"下水"作文一样,如果数学教师能经常独立地去探究一些自己未知的问题,那么对如何搞好研究性学习教学就会更加有体会,教学效果也会更好.     

具无界中立系数的三阶非线性微分方程解的振动性和渐近性

研究了具无界中立系数的三阶非线性微分方程解的振动性和渐近性。通过引入参数函数和广义Riccati变换，结合微分不等式、积分平均等技巧，给出了方程每个解振动或收敛于零的若干新的充分条件，这些结果很容易被推广至更一般的中立型微分方程和时标上的中立型动力方程，最后用例子进行了说明。     

Reply to Comment on ＂Mechanism for Alternating Electric Fields Induced-Effects on Cytosolic Calcium＂

Our article （Chin. Phys. Lett. 26 （2009） 017102） was attempting to calculate the possible existence of the window effects on the physiological signal changes by the external electric field. It is attempted mainly to combine the vibrated-ion model of Panagopoulos et al.（Refs. in our article） and the cellular model of Kuster et al. （Ref. in our article） and Tortes et al. （Ref. in our article）. We did not attempt to take the initiative of theoretical bases of both the groups.     

Neutron Star Motion in the Disk Galaxy

The neutron star motions are based on the undisturbed finitely thick galactic disk gravitational potential model. Two initial conditions, i.e. the locations and velocities, are considered. The Monte Carlo method is employed to separate rich diversities of the orbits of neutron stars into several sorts. The Poineare section has the potential to play an important role in the diagnosis of the neutron star motion. It has been observed that the increasing ratio of the motion range vertical to the galactic plane to that parallel to the galactic plane results in the irregularity of neutron star motion.     

蔡氏非线性电路的深入研究——参数测量和实验现象观察的新方法

精确测量了电路中各个元件的参数,为各种混沌现象的定量分析和数值模拟提供了可能;提出了一种新的测量非线性负阻方法,能精确而快捷地测量非线性负阻完整的,I-U曲线;利用这种测量方法的实验电路,可以直接演示电路出现各种混沌现象时非线性负阻对应的工作区段,展示了非线性负阻在蔡氏电路产生混沌过程中所起的决定性作用,有利于学生更好地理解混沌现象产生的机理.