An Innovative Gas Sensor with On-Chip Reference Using Monolithic Twin Laser

An innovative gas sensor with on-chip reference using a monolithic twin laser is proposed. In this sensor a monolithic twin laser generates two closer laser beams with slight different wavelengths alternatively, one photodiode is used to catch both absorption and reference signals by time division multiplexing. The detection of nitrous oxide adopting this scheme using a 2.1μm antimonide laser and an InGaAs photodiode has been demonstrated experimentally with detection limit below 1ppm. Using this on chip reference scheme the fluctuations from the optical path and devices can be compensated effectively; the sensor system is simplified distinctly.     

函数方程的初等解法——代换法

什么是函数方程?含有未知函数的方程叫做函数方程。所以,解函数方程的问题,就是求能使函数方程成立的一个函数或一类函数的集合。运用代换方法解函数方程可有以下四种情况:     

行列式

行列式是数学中一个基本而常用的概念,行列式定义的方法很多,一般地都是用行列式的直接展开式来定义的.本文用归納法定义引出一般行列式的概念,它与行列式的实际計算法联系更为直接,而且可以不用到置換的理論而引出行列式的全部性質,这是它的一个优点.如果把这个定义的办法与通常行列式的定义去比较,还可以对行列式的诸性質之間的关联获得进一步的了解.     

苯并三氮唑及其衍生物在菜籽油中的摩擦学性能研究

利用四球试验机考察了苯并三氮唑及其衍生物在菜籽油中的摩擦学性能,并用X射线光电子能谱和扫描电子显微镜分析观察磨斑表面的化学组成和形貌。结果表明,苯并三氮唑在菜籽油中有良好的抗磨作用,在其分子中引入长链烷基虽然提高了其在菜籽油中的溶解度,但却降低了其抗磨减摩性能,这主要是由于苯并三氮唑有效成分的减少以及添加剂和基础油之间的竞争吸附所致。     

对苯撑乙烯低聚物光氧化降解研究

五种对苯撑乙烯低聚物的光氧化降解反应表明,给电子基团能促进其光氧化降解,而吸电子基团却能提高它们的光稳定性,这为用分子修饰的方法提高对苯撑乙烯类发光材料的稳定性提供了理论基础。在自敏化和染料敏化的光氧化降解反应中,五种低聚物的降解速率顺序完全一致,意味着单线态氧（1O2）是其光氧化降解反应过程中的主要中间体,ESR自旋捕获实验进一步证实了上述诊断。     

Single point velocity distributions in homogeneous isotropic turbulence

The starting point for this paper lies in the results obtained by Tatsumi (2004) for isotropic turbulence with the self-preserving hypothesis. A careful consideration of the mathematical structure of the one-point velocity distribution function equation obtained by Tatsumi (2004) leads to an exact analysis of all possible cases and to all admissible solutions of the problem. This paper revisits this interesting problem from a new point of view, and obtains a new complete set of solutions. Based on these exact solutions, some physically significant consequences of recent advances in the theory of homogenous statistical solution of the Navier--Stokes equations are presented. The comparison with former theory was also made. The origin of non--Gaussian character could be deduced from the above exact solutions.     

环糊精聚合物功能化聚乳酸/聚乙烯基吡咯烷酮共聚物膜的制备与性能

合成了丙烯酸酯封端的PLA-PEG-PLA大分子单体(PELA-DA)与甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯(GMA)修饰的β-环糊精聚合物(CDP-g-GMA),不同配比的PELA-DA、CDP-g-GMA及N-乙烯基吡咯烷酮(VP)的DMF溶液经光引发自由基聚合制备了环糊精聚合物功能化聚乳酸/聚乙烯基吡咯烷酮共聚物膜.1H-NMR证实了PELA-DA及CDP-g-GMA大分子单体的成功合成.利用XRD、DTMA、TGA、吸水性及体外降解性等表征方法对合成的共聚物膜的结构与性能进行了表征.XRD测试表明,共聚物膜中PELA-DA及CDP-g-GMA组分的结晶性受到抑制与破坏;吸水性及体外降解测试显示,CDP-g-GMA的引入改善了共聚物膜的亲水性及水解降解性;DTMA及TGA测试结果表明,随着CDP-g-GMA引入量的增加,共聚物膜的储能模量(E')、玻璃化转变温度(Tg)及热稳定性增加.以甲基橙(MO)为水溶性模型药物,考察了共聚物膜对MO负载及释放模式,研究发现,CDP-g-GMA引入量的增加有利于提高MO的负载量,MO经过初期(12 h)爆释后,以一种缓慢的持续的方式进行释放.     

Split-ring-based metamaterial for far-field subwavelength focusing based on time reversal

In this paper, split-ring-based metamaterial sheets are designed for the purpose of achieving far-field subwavelength focusing, with the aid of a time-reversal technique. The metamaterial sheets are inserted into a subwavelength array consist- ing of four element antennas, with the element spacing being as small as 1/15 of a wavelength. Experiments are performed to investigate the effect of the metamaterial sheets on the focusing resolution. The results demonstrate that in the presence of the metamaterial sheets, the subwavelength array exhibits the ability to achieve super-resolution focusing, while there is no super-resolution focusing without the metamaterial sheets. Further investigation shows that the metamaterial sheets are contributive to achieving super-resolution by weakening the cross-correlations of the channel impulse responses between the array elements.     

卤素取代与溶剂效应对荧光素的荧光光谱的影响

基于卤族元素对荧光素荧光性能的影响作用,采用甲磺酸为催化剂,分别以4-卤代(氟、氯、溴)间苯二酚为原料通过Friedel-Crafts酰化/环化脱水反应合成了2',7'-二卤代荧光素(DFF、DCF、DBF)。分析了不同卤族元素取代对荧光素的紫外-可见吸收和荧光发射光谱的影响,结果表明,与荧光素光谱相比,氟原子和氯原子取代对增强荧光发射强度效果明显,溴原子的引入降低荧光发射强度。考察了荧光染料浓度对其荧光强度的影响,结果发现,三种卤代荧光染料的浓度在1×10-5mol/L时均具有最大荧光发射强度。研究了染料的溶剂效应,发现荧光光谱随溶剂类型而变化,在极性溶剂中染料的荧光强度高、荧光发射波长较长,此外,在极性质子溶剂中斯托克斯位移比极性非质子溶剂中的大。     

铅黄铜合金中激光诱导击穿光谱特性的实验研究

系统地研究了靶点位置、激光辐射密度对LIBS信号的影响以及LIBS信号的时间分辨特性，得到了一些将LIBS技术应用于痕量分析时所采用的实验参数。