电解制备高铁酸盐中负脉冲作用和高铁酸盐对十二烷基苯磺酸钠的降解

电解制备高铁酸盐中负脉冲作用和高铁酸盐对十二烷基苯磺酸钠的降解;高铁酸盐;电解;脉冲方波;十二烷基苯磺酸钠     

The effect of SiO2 buffer layer on the electrical and structural properties of Al-doped ZnO films deposited on soda lime glasses

In this paper, the influence of SiO₂ buffer layer on electrical and structural properties of AZO films on soda lime glasses has been investigated. The results showed that the Hall mobility and carrier concentration of AZO films deposited on soda lime glasses at high temperature could be enhanced by introducing SiO₂ layers. The optical absorption edges of AZO films with SiO₂ buffer layer are blue shifted compared with that of buffer layer free due to the increase of carrier concentration. SiO₂ layers prepared at 400 °C more effectively suppress the diffusion of Na atoms into AZO films compared with that prepared at room temperature. On the other hand, the in-plane stress dependence of optical band gap is linear for AZO films deposited on quartz glass substrates, but is deviated from linearity in the case of soda lime glass substrates.     

The Shape of the Borwein–Affleck–Girgensohn Function Generated by Completely Monotone and Bernstein Functions

Fifteen years ago, J. Borwein, I. Affleck, and R. Girgensohn posed a problem concerning the shape (convexity, log-convexity, reciprocal concavity) of a certain function of several arguments that had manifested in a number of contexts concerned with optimization problems. In this paper we further explore the shape of the Borwein–Affleck–Girgensohn function as well as of its extensions generated by completely monotone and Bernstein functions.     

Heavy tailed capital incomes: Zenga index,statistical inference,and ECHP data analysis

Micro-data of European Union (EU) countries show that capital incomes account for a large part of disparity in populations and follow heavy-tailed distributions in many EU countries. Measuring and comparing the disparity requires incorporating the relative nature of ‘small’ and ‘large,’ and for this reason we employ the newly developed Zenga index of economic inequality. Its non-parametric estimator does not fall into any well known class of statistics. This makes the development of statistical inference a challenge even for light-tailed populations, let alone heavy-tailed ones, as is the case with capital incomes. In this paper we construct a heavy-tailed Zenga estimator, establish its asymptotic distribution, and derive confidence intervals. We explore the performance of the confidence intervals in a simulation study and draw conclusions about capital incomes in EU countries, based on the 2001 wave of the European Community Household Panel (ECHP) survey.     

Nonparametric regression with interval-censored data

In many medical studies,the prevalence of interval censored data is increasing due to periodic monitoring of the progression status of a disease.In nonparametric regression model,when the response variable is subjected to interval-censoring,the regression function could not be estimated by traditional methods directly.With the censored data,we construct a new response variable which has the same conditional expectation as the original one.Based on the new variable,we get a nearest neighbor estimator of the regression function.It is established that the estimator has strong consistency and asymptotic normality.The relevant simulation reports are given.     

Synthesis and Transistor Properties of Asymmetric Oligothiophenes: Relationship between Molecular Structure and Device Performance

A series of three thiophene–naphthalene‐based asymmetric oligomers—5‐decyl‐2,2′:5′,2′′:5′′,2′′′‐quaterthiophene (DtT), 5‐decyl‐5′′‐(naphthalen‐2‐yl)‐2,2′:5′,2′′‐terthiophene (D3TN), and 5‐(4‐decylphenyl)‐5′‐(naphthalen‐2‐yl)‐2,2′‐bithiophene (DP2TN)—was synthesized by Suzuki cross‐coupling reactions. The long alkyl side chains improved both the solubility of the oligomers in solvents and their tendency to self‐assemble. UV/Vis absorption measurements suggested that DtT, D3TN, and DP2TN form H‐type aggregates with a face‐to‐face packing structure. In addition, the three oligomers were found to adopt vertically aligned crystalline structures in films deposited on substrates, as revealed by grazing‐incidence wide‐angle X‐ray scattering. These oligomers were used as the active layers of p‐type organic field‐effect transistors, and the resulting devices showed field‐effect mobilities of 3.3×10^?3 cm² V^?1 s^?1 for DtT, 1.6×10^?2 cm² V^?1 s^?1 for D3TN, and 3.7×10^?2 cm² V^?1 s^?1 for DP2TN. The differences in transistor performances were attributed to the degree of π overlap and the morphological differences determined by the molecular structures.     

Extreme wettability due to dendritic copper nanostructure via electrodeposition

Dendritic copper film with convertible extreme wettability is prepared on metal surface via electrodeposition. With field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and electrochemical measurement, the morphology, composition and formation mechanism of dendritic copper film were studied. It is found that the film is mainly composed of metallic copper. Also some residual cuprous oxide and chloride exist in the deposit. The single micron-sized dendrite consists of a main stem with side branches, on which the higher-order branches with the dimension of tens of nanometers grow. A hydrophobic modification can induce the conversion of the apparent wettability of film from super-hydrophilicity (with apparent water contact angle of 5 ± 3°) to super-hydrophobicity (with apparent water contact angle of 154.1 ± 3°), which is due to the capillary effect. The method proposed in this paper is time-saving and facile to operate, and it offers a promising technique to prepare metallic surface with a high wettability contrast for water.     

Thermokinetic investigation of oxidation of heavy oil and its model compounds

This paper presents and discusses the thermokinetic parameters of oxidation of heavy oil (Nanyang deposit) and selected model compounds (n-dotriacontane, stearic acid and octadecanol). The method introduced in this work defines the key parameters which affect the quality of the numerical simulation of the energy balance equation of the in situ combustion process simulation experiment and the actual process in the field.A microcalorimetric technique is combined with a thermokinetic approach developed at the Institute of Chemistry to calculate the thermal energy of reactions such as oxidation of heavy oil or other compounds in in-situ combustion occurring in a porous medium as a function of time at different temperatures and pressures. The kinetic parameters were determined from calorimetric and chemical experiments.

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Zusammenfassung Vorliegende Arbeit beschreibt und diskutiert die thermokinetischen Parameter der Oxidation von Schwerölen (Lagerstätten Nanyang) und ausgesuchter Modellverbindungen (n-Dotiacontan, Stearinsäure und Oktadekanol). Das hier vorgestellte Verfahren definiert die Schlüsselparameter, die die Güte der numerischen Simulation der Energiebilanzgleichung bei den Experimenten zur Simulation von in situ Verbrennungsprozessen und des jeweiligen Prozesses beeinflussen.In Verbindung mit einer thermokinetischen Näherung wurde an der Academia Sinica ein mikrokalorimetrisches Verfahren entwickelt, mit deren Hilfe man die thermischen Reaktionsenergien wie z.B. für die Oxidation von Schwerölen oder anderen Verbindungen während der in situ Verbrennung in porösen Materialien als eine Funktion der Zeit bei verschiedenen Temperaturen und Drücken berechnen kann. Die kinetischen Parameter werden aus kalorimetrischen und chemischen Experimenten ermittelt.

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Dedicated to Prof. Dr. H. J. Seifert on the occasion of his 60^th birthday

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This work is also a part of CANADIAN-CHINESE Cooperative Research to be done, (by Zhong L. Zhang) in BEIJING and (by Loren G. Hepler) in EDMONTON

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The authors thank Professor Wen Z. Liu and MS. Hong X. Chen of the Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development for their help. This research forms part of the Canadian-Chinese Cooperative Research Programme with L. G. Hepler in Edmonton and Zhong L. Zhang in Beijing.     

Surface Modification of Gold by Quercetin Monolayer for the Electrochemical Determination of Copper(II)

A quercetin monolayer has been prepared on top of the self‐assembled 3‐mercaptopropionic acid (MPA) layer for the copper ion determination. Cu²⁺ ions are readily accumulated on this modified electrode through the complex formation and electrochemically detected. With a quercetin layer, the redox process of Cu²⁺ became more reversible than at the MPA‐modified electrode. Complexation sites in MPA and quercetin were occupied within five min when the electrode was immersed in 10 μM Cu²⁺ solution. The MPA and quercetin layers were stable enough to allow repeated EDTA treatment to remove adsorbed Cu²⁺ for the surface regeneration. Only 7% decrease was found after ten times regeneration and use. Linear current response was found over the concentration range of 1 nM and 10 μM with detection limit of 0.1 nM. Common interfering ions such as Cd²⁺, Zn²⁺, and Fe^2+/3+ did not show any electrochemical response in the potential range of Cu²⁺ determination.     

Angiopoietin-1 variant, COMP-Ang1 attenuates hydrogen peroxide-induced acute lung injury

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) play a crucial role in acute lung injury. Tissue inflammation, the increased vascular permeability, and plasma exudation are cardinal features of acute lung injury. Angiopoietin-1 (Ang1) has potential therapeutic applications in preventing vascular leakage and also has beneficial effects in several inflammatory disorders. Recently developed COMP-Ang1 is more potent than native Ang1 in phosphorylating tyrosine kinase with immunoglobulin and EGF homology domain 2 receptor in endothelial cells. However, there are no data on effects and related molecular mechanisms of COMP- Ang1 on ROS-induced acute lung injury. We used hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-inhaled mice to evaluate the effect of COMP-Ang1 on pulmonary inflammation, bronchial hyper-responsiveness, and vascular leakage in acute lung injury. The results have revealed that VEGF expression, the levels of IL-4, TNF-alpha, IL-1beta, intercellular adhesion molecule-1, and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 in lungs, the levels of hypoxia-inducible factor-1alpha (HIF-1alpha) and NF-kappaB in nuclear protein extracts, phosphorylation of Akt, and vascular permeability were increased after inhalation of H2O2 and that the administration of COMP-Ang1 markedly reduced airway hyper-responsiveness, pulmonary inflammation, plasma extravasation, and the increases of cytokines, adhesion molecules, and VEGF in lungs treated with H2O2. We have also found that the activation of HIF-1a and NF-kB and the increase of phosphoinositide 3-kinase activity in lung tissues after H2O2 inhalation were decreased by the administration of COMP-Ang1. These results suggest that COMP-Ang1 ameliorates ROS-induced acute lung injury through attenuating vascular leakage and modulating inflammatory mediators.