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21.
Fransiska Eltania Ronny Lesmana Sunaryati Sudigdoadi Sudigdoadi Sudigdoadi Astrid Feinisa Khairani Hanna Goenawan Andrew Citrawan Rina Armina Yuniarti Roro Wahyudianingsih Julia Windi Gunadi Unang Supratman 《Photochemistry and photobiology》2020,96(4):863-869
Tranexamic acid (TSA) is widely used as an antiaging treatment for reducing melasma and wrinkles. There are various mechanisms for wrinkle formation, and one of them is due to damage of the mitochondria. Research on mitochondria in the skin is very limited, so we are interested to see the changes that occur after application of TSA cream. We explored the effect of TSA on mitochondrial protein levels (PGC1α, Tom20, COX IV), which had affected to skin histological structure. Thirty male, 6-week-old, Balb/C mice were divided into five groups (negative control, positive control, TSA 3%, TSA 4% and TSA 5%). After 10 days of acclimatization, four groups of mice were exposed to UVB light, of which three groups were given TSA cream for 10 weeks. The skin tissue was excised for protein and histological studies. H&E staining was performed for evaluating histological changes in epidermal thickness and dermal elastosis. TSA treatment on the mice skin increased mitochondrial marker levels and epidermal thickness while decreasing dermal elastosis for all the treatment groups. Topical application of TSA significantly increased mitochondrial biogenesis which may cause alteration in epidermal thickness and reduced dermal elastosis in the histology of mice skin. 相似文献
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The H5PV2Mo10O40 polyoxometalate in a polyethylene glycol solvent was effective for a series of aerobic oxidation reactions including oxydehydrogenation of alcohols and cyclic dienes, oxidation of sulfides and the Wacker reaction; the solvent-catalyst phase can be recovered and recycled. 相似文献
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A water-soluble and "self-assembled" polyoxometalate as a recyclable catalyst for oxidation of alcohols in water with hydrogen peroxide 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Sloboda-Rozner D Alsters PL Neumann R 《Journal of the American Chemical Society》2003,125(18):5280-5281
We have demonstrated that a simply prepared water-soluble polyoxometalate, Na12[WZnZn2(H2O)2(ZnW9O34)2], synthesized from readily available zinc and tungsten salts in the presence of nitric acid, is an effective catalyst for selective alcohol oxidation with hydrogen peroxide in biphasic (water-alcohol) reaction media. Experiments have shown that the "self-assembled" catalyst in its mother liquor was as active as the isolated catalyst. The aqueous catalyst solution is easily separated from the water-insoluble products and can be recycled without loss in activity or selectivity. 相似文献
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Ronny Nahum 《Proceedings of the American Mathematical Society》2001,129(7):1995-1999
For every normed space , we note its closed unit ball and unit sphere by and , respectively. Let and be normed spaces such that is Lipschitz homeomorphic to , and is Lipschitz homeomorphic to .
We prove that the following are equivalent:
1. is Lipschitz homeomorphic to .
2. is Lipschitz homeomorphic to .
3. is Lipschitz homeomorphic to .
This result holds also in the uniform category, except (2 or 3) 1 which is known to be false.
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A generalization of Wegschcider's condition concerning equilibrium constants in chemically reacting systems is formulated, which is then proved to be a necessary and sufficient condition for detailed balancing. In order to include a large multitude of rate laws, a generalized mass action kinetics is considered which comprises usual mass action kinetics and all reversible enzyme kinetics and which is consistent with basic postulates of irreversible thermodynamics for ideal mixtures. Reaction systems of arbitrary stoichiometry are considered. They may contain reactants with fixed concentrations, as is characteristic for models of biochemical reaction networks. Existence, uniqueness, and global asymptotic stability of equilibrium states for reaction systems endowed with generalized man action kinetics are proved. Using these results, he generalized Wegscheider condition is shown to be a sufficient criterion for the applicability of the quasi-steady-state approximation. 相似文献
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Alexander M. Khenkin Dr. Irena Efremenko Dr. Lev Weiner Dr. Jan M. L. Martin Prof. Ronny Neumann Prof. 《Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2010,16(4):1356-1364
A polyoxometalate of the Keggin structure substituted with RuIII, 6Q5[RuIII(H2O)SiW11O39] in which 6Q=(C6H13)4N+, catalyzed the photoreduction of CO2 to CO with tertiary amines, preferentially Et3N, as reducing agents. A study of the coordination of CO2 to 6Q5[RuIII(H2O)SiW11O39] showed that 1) upon addition of CO2 the UV/Vis spectrum changed, 2) a rhombic signal was obtained in the EPR spectrum (gx=2.146, gy=2.100, and gz=1.935), and 3) the 13C NMR spectrum had a broadened peak of bound CO2 at 105.78 ppm (Δ1/2=122 Hz). It was concluded that CO2 coordinates to the RuIII active site in both the presence and absence of Et3N to yield 6Q5[RuIII(CO2)SiW11O39]. Electrochemical measurements showed the reduction of RuIII to RuII in 6Q5[RuIII(CO2)SiW11O39] at ?0.31 V versus SCE, but no such reduction was observed for 6Q5[RuIII(H2O)SiW11O39]. DFT‐calculated geometries optimized at the M06/PC1//PBE/AUG‐PC1//PBE/PC1‐DF level of theory showed that CO2 is preferably coordinated in a side‐on manner to RuIII in the polyoxometalate through formation of a Ru? O bond, further stabilized by the interaction of the electrophilic carbon atom of CO2 to an oxygen atom of the polyoxometalate. The end‐on CO2 bonding to RuIII is energetically less favorable but CO2 is considerably bent, thus favoring nucleophilic attack at the carbon atom and thereby stabilizing the carbon sp2 hybridization state. Formation of a O2C–NMe3 zwitterion, in turn, causes bending of CO2 and enhances the carbon sp2 hybridization. The synergetic effect of these two interactions stabilizes both Ru–O and C–N interactions and probably determines the promotional effect of an amine on the activation of CO2 by [RuIII(H2O)SiW11O39]5?. Electronic structure analysis showed that the polyoxometalate takes part in the activation of both CO2 and Et3N. A mechanistic pathway for photoreduction of CO2 is suggested based on the experimental and computed results. 相似文献