Static moments of the first excited states of 32, 34S and 204, 206Pb

The reorientation effect in Coulomb excitation has been used to measure the following static quadrupole moments: $\text{Q}{}_2\text{+ (}{}^{32}\text{S}\text{) = ?0.066 ± 0.017}\text{b}\text{, Q}{}_2\text{+ (}{}^{34}\text{S}\text{) = 0.026 ± 0.023}\text{b}\text{, Q}{}_2\text{+ (}{}^{204}\text{Pb}\text{) = 0.19 ± 0.14}\text{b}$. Interference effects from higher excited states have been included in the analysis, with the signs of the E2 matrix elements taken from an anharmonic model. The value obtained for $\text{Q}{}_2\text{+ (}{}^{32}\text{S}\text{)}$ is in disagreement with two previous measurements. We attribute the discrepancy to the smaller internucleon separation distances involved in the previous experiments, which can cause deviations from Coulomb excitation cross sections. The other quadrupole moments have not been measured previously. The B (E2: 0⁺ → 2⁺) measured were: $\text{0.0305 ± 0.0016 e}{}^2\text{·}\text{b}{}^2\text{(}{}^{32}\text{S}\text{), 0.025 ± 0.004 e}{}^2\text{·}\text{b}{}^2\text{(}{}^{34}\text{S}\text{),}\text{and}\text{0.166 ± 0.009 e}{}^2\text{·}\text{b}{}^2\text{(}{}^{204}\text{Pb}\text{)}$. From the angular distribution of the de-excitation γ-rays of the Pb nuclei following recoil into vacuum, we have determined the following $\text{g-}\text{factors}\text{: ¦g}{}_2\text{+ (}{}^{204}\text{Pb}\text{)¦ < 0.08}$ (two standard deviations), $\text{¦g}{}_2\text{+ (}{}^{206}\text{Pb}\text{)¦ = 0.07}{}^{\mathrm{+\; 0.07}}{}_{\mathrm{?\; 0.03}}$. Our value of $\text{g}{}_2\text{+ (}{}^{206}\text{Pb}\text{)}$ is in agreement with a previous measurement.     

Lifetime of the 6+ member of the ground-state band in 22Ne

Mean lifetimes of levels in ²²Ne have been measured by the Doppler-shift attenuation method using the inverse reaction ⁴He(¹⁹F, pγ)²²Ne. The Doppler-broadened lineshapes observed at 0° were analyzed using scaled experimental stopping powers and give the following results for each of the following levels (energy in keV and lifetime in fs): 4457 ( < 15), 5147 (1300 ± 500), 5522 (27 ± 4), 5641 ( < 20), 6311 (70 ± 10), 6345 ( < 15), 6636 ( < 20) and 6817 ( < 15). The lifetime of the 6311 keV 6⁺ level is particularly interesting for testing model predictions. The large basis shell model calculations of Preedom and Wildenthal are in good agreement with the experimental B(E2) values for the 2⁺, 4⁺ and 6⁺ members of the ground-state band.     

Production mechanism of ϱ0 and f mesons in πN→π+π−N reactions

The production of ?⁰ and f mesons in πN→π⁺π^?N reactions in the momentum range 4 to 17 GeV/c is investigated in a model-independent way by imposing in full the positivity of the density matrix. The results so obtained are used in order to determine the effective Regge trajectories for unnatural and natural parity exchanges and are compared to results obtained in different analyses.     

Continuous phase transitions which should be first order

It is demonstrated that phase transitions predicted to be first order by the Landau symmetry arguments can be continuous for a finite range of the physical parameters. For transitions with a rank-two tensor order parameter it is shown that fluctuations in a phase associated with the anisotropy of the tensor result in a renormalization of the cubic term. This leads to continuous transitions when the coefficient of the bare cubic term is small compared to the coefficient of the quartic term. It is shown that the argument can be extended to more general cases when the order parameter belongs to a multidimensional representation of the broken symmetry group.     

Finite-range effects in pionic atoms

Pionic atom data are refitted in terms of conventional π^? nuclear optical potentials, modified to allow for finite range in the underlying p-wave πN interaction. We find that level shifts and widths in light and medium-weight nuclei cannot distinguish between the various ranges tested. In heavy nuclei, and for reasonable choices of neutron radii, the data tend to exclude ranges of order 0.5 fm and larger.     

Observation of the decay τ → πv

The decay of the heavy lepton τ into πv has been established using the magnetic detector PLUTO. The branching ratio is determined to be BR(τ→πv)=(9.0 ± 2.9)% with an additional systematic uncertainty of 2.5%. This value is in good agreement with the theoretical prediction.     

Heterocyclic synthesis using ethyl carboethoxyformimidate

Ethyl carboethoxyformimidate is shown to be a versatile reagent for the synthesis of a variety of mono- and bicyclic heterocyclic systems.