Synthesis and Spectroscopy of Novel‐α‐Pyrazolylglycine Derivatives

The synthesis of α‐pyrazolylglycine derivatives(7a‐d) with different substituents, starting from glycine have been pre pared. The spectroscopy of intermediate compounds and the final amino acids have been discussed.     

Characterisation of Flavour Attributes in Egg White Protein Using HS-GC-IMS Combined with E-Nose and E-Tongue: Effect of High-Voltage Cold Plasma Treatment Time

Egg white protein (EWP) is susceptible to denaturation and coagulation when exposed to high temperatures, adversely affecting its flavour, thereby influencing consumers’ decisions. Here, we employ high-voltage cold plasma (HVCP) as a novel nonthermal technique to investigate its influence on the EWP’s flavour attributes using E-nose, E-tongue, and headspace gas-chromatography-ion-mobilisation spectrometry (HS-GC-IMS) due to their rapidness and high sensitivity in identifying flavour fingerprints in foods. The EWP was investigated at 0, 60, 120, 180, 240, and 300 s of HVCP treatment time. The results revealed that HVCP significantly influences the odour and taste attributes of the EWP across all treatments, with a more significant influence at 60 and 120 s of HVCP treatment. Principal component analyses of the E-nose and E-tongue clearly distinguish the odour and taste sensors’ responses. The HS-GC-IMS analysis identified 65 volatile compounds across the treatments. The volatile compounds’ concentrations increased as the HVCP treatment time was increased from 0 to 300 s. The significant compounds contributing to EWP characterisation include heptanal, ethylbenzene, ethanol, acetic acid, nonanal, heptacosane, 5-octadecanal, decanal, p-xylene, and octanal. Thus, this study shows that HVCP could be utilised to modify and improve the EWP flavour attributes.     

A risk based performance evaluation of plate-and-frame heat exchangers

Plate-and-frame heat exchangers (PHEs) operating in process industries are fouled to a greater or lesser extent depending on surface temperature, surface condition, material of construction, fluid velocity, flow geometry and fluid composition. This fouling phenomenon is time-dependent and will result in a decrease in the overall heat transfer coefficient and increase in the pressure drop of the PHE. Once the overall heat transfer coefficient decreases to a minimum acceptable level, cleaning of the equipment becomes necessary to restore the performance. In this paper, we present a simple probabilistic approach to characterize various fouling models that are commonly encountered in many industries. These random fouling growth models are then used to investigate the impact on risk based thermal effectiveness, overall heat transfer coefficient and the hot- and cold-fluid outlet temperatures of a PHE. All the results are presented in a generalized form in order to demonstrate the generality of the risk-based procedure discussed in this paper.     

Highly sensitive electrochemical detection of living cells based on diamond microelectrode arrays

The new boron-doped nanocrystalline diamond microelectrode arrays (BNCD-MEAs) with 16 channels were designed to detect biological signals from some activated cancer cells. Upon recordings of the released H₂O₂ from cancer cells stimulated by ascorbic acid (AA), it can readily detect the reactive oxygen species (ROS) released from target cells, which will be helpful for the cancer cell recognition and also beneficial for further studying the cause of relevant disease.     

Fixed-Point Technique for Implicit Complementarity Problem in Hilbert Lattice

In this paper, we consider and study the implicit complementarity problem in the setting of a Hilbert lattice. It has been shown that this problem can be formulated as a fixed-point problem by using a suitable change of variables. Moreover, this formulation allows us to prove the existence and uniqueness of solutions of the implicit complementarity problem.     

Gamma radiolysis of morin

Gamma irradiation studies of morin (10^–5M) in ethanol and dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) in the dose range of 149–895 Gy and of 4.5–45 Gy were carried out, respectively, in aerated and anoxic conditions purged with nitrogen and nitrous oxide. The decoloration yield of morin was studied as a function of dose. The relative radiation sensitivity was estimated under similar conditions. The effect of the concentration (10^–5–10^–4M) of iodine, succinic acid and acryl amide on radiolysis of morin was investigated at constant dose in both solvents and results were interpreted in terms of scavenging reactions.     

Numerical solutions to initial and boundary value problems for linear fractional partial differential equations

In this article, Haar wavelets have been employed to obtain solutions of boundary value problems for linear fractional partial differential equations. The differential equations are reduced to Sylvester matrix equations. The algorithm is novel in the sense that it effectively incorporates the aperiodic boundary conditions. Several examples with numerical simulations are provided to illustrate the simplicity and effectiveness of the method.     

Synthesis,Photophysical Properties and Application of New Porphyrin Derivatives for Use in Photodynamic Therapy and Cell Imaging

New derivatives of tetrakis(4-carboxyphenyl) porphyrin were designed, synthesized and characterized by IR, proton NMR and mass spectroscopy. The ground and excited state nature of new derivatives were examined using UV-Vis. absorption and fluorescence spectroscopy, fluorescence quantum yield and fluorescence lifetime studies. The singlet oxygen quantum yield of each synthesized derivative of porphyrin was estimated for their further efficacy as potential photosensitizer in biological studies. The significant photophysical data of all synthesized derivatives was supplementary accessed to examine the cell imaging and cytotoxicity against two cancer cell lines viz. MBA-MD-231 and A375. The fluorescence lifetime, fluorescence quantum yield and efficiency of singlet oxygen generation suggests alkyl amine and alkyl hydrazide linked new porphyrin photosensitizers can be useful for PDT agent in cancer treatment.     

Author Correction: Drier Climatic Conditions Increase Withanolide Content of Withania coagulans Enhancing its Inhibitory Potential against Human Prostate Cancer Cells

Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology - The original version of this article unfortunately contained a mistake in the image of Figure 1 and in Table 4. The corrected version of the figure...