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21.
W. Engel N. Eisenreich M. Alonso V. Kolarik 《Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry》1993,40(3):1017-1024
The application of TRXRD for thermal analysis is demonstrated using examples of phase transitions, solid-state reactions and high-temperature corrosion. The measuring system produces a series of diffraction patterns, which are evaluated by a difference procedure that a reduces the data to curves comparable to DSC and TG curves and thus suited to kinetic evaluation. 相似文献
22.
Chibowski E Wiacek A Holysz L Terpilowski K 《Langmuir : the ACS journal of surfaces and colloids》2005,21(17):7662-7671
Electrical phenomena at nonionogenic hydrophobic surfaces (solid or liquid) in water, electrolyte, and/or surfactant solutions still attract research. In part 1 of this paper we described the electrokinetic behavior of paraffin wax suspension in water and electrolyte solutions (NaCl or LaCl3). On the basis of the latest data of water structure near hydrophobic surfaces it was concluded that immobilized water dipoles at the interface can play an essential role in the zeta potential formation. In this paper were investigated the zeta potentials of paraffin wax in cationic surfactants cetyltrimethylammonium bromide, C16H33(CH3)3NBr, and octadecyltrimethylammonium chloride, C18H37(CH3)3NCl, and anionic surfactant sodium dodecyl sulfate, C12H25SO4Na. Also changes in wettability of the paraffin surface due to the surfactant's adsorption were studied via wetting contact angle measurements and calculation of the surface free energy. It was concluded that at a low surfactant concentration (10(-6) M) the water dipole structure still contributes to the zeta potential, but at a higher one the zeta potential is determined by the surfactant molecules' adsorption. A special role of OH- ions is also clearly seen. Moreover, a functional relationship was found between the surface free energy of the surfactant-covered paraffin surface and the zeta potential. 相似文献
23.
Motivated by pump-probe experiments of I(2) in a room-temperature sample, the detection of fractional revivals is investigated using full-dimensional quantum wave packet calculations. It is shown that the structures observed in the pump-probe signal depend sensitively on the probe parameters employed and that the observed signal reflects a particular phase effect between fractional revivals. 相似文献
24.
Sample evaporation in splitless injection of large volumes is rapid: depending on the experiment, results indicate that 200 μl of hexane, for instance, evaporates in 2–10 s, producing vapor at a rate of many hundreds of milliliters per minute. A 60 × 4 mm packed bed of 20–35 mesh Tenax TA enabled injection of 200 μl volumes of all solvents tested, and even 1 ml injections were possible provided they were performed over a period of 30 s. Retention of volatile sample components depends on the sample solvent, the injection volume, and the injection speed, but only little on the injector temperature. Losses of n-tridecane varied from hardly 15 % (when dissolved in pentane) to ca 60 % (ethyl acetate); losses of n-heptadecane were usually below 20 %. The column temperature during injection should be at least ca 20–30°C above the standard solvent boiling point. 相似文献
25.
Konrad Seppelt 《无机化学与普通化学杂志》2003,629(14):2427-2430
Long after the first isolation of a xenon compound in 1962 the first compounds with metal‐xenon bonds are prepared. The metal atoms are so far Au and Hg. The most stable metal xenon compounds decompose under loss of xenon slightly above room temperature. They can only exist if solvents and counter ions are weaker bases than atomic xenon. Solvents and counter ions used so far are HF, (SbF6)—, and (Sb2F11)—. 相似文献
26.
The methane oxidation catalyst [bpyrPtCl(2)] (bpyr = bis-pyrimidine) dissolves in superacidic HF/SbF(5) solution under formation of a dinuclear cation [H(2)bpyrPt(mu-Cl)(2)PtbpyrH(2)](6+). Two crystal forms are isolated, [Pt(2)Cl(2)bpyr(2)H(4)](6+)(SbF(6)(-))(4)(Sb(2)F(11)(-))(2).2HF (I) (triclinic, Ponemacr;, a = 814.8(2) pm, b = 1444.8(3) pm, c = 2300.5(5) pm, alpha = 89.627(4) degrees, beta = 84.285(4) degrees, gamma = 84.665(4) degrees, Z = 2) and [Pt(2)Cl(2)bpyrH(4)](6+)(Sb(2)F(11)(-))(6).4HF (II) (triclinic, Ponemacr;, a = 879.4(2) pm, b = 1170.4(3) pm, c = 1789.9(5) pm, alpha = 95.37(2) degrees, beta = 99.97(2) degrees, gamma = 100.41(2) degrees, Z = 1). The cation in I has an angle of 148.4(1) degrees between the two square plane platinum environments, while the cation in II is fully planar. The non-platinum-bound nitrogen atoms are all protonated in the superacidic medium. 相似文献
27.
28.
V. Kolarik M. Juez-Lorenzo W. Engel N. Eisenreich 《Fresenius' Journal of Analytical Chemistry》1993,346(1-3):252-254
Summary The formation of -Fe2O3 on Fe3O4 during the oxidation of iron below 570°C occurs very slowly and the scales are so thin that they cannot be detected by microscopy. X-ray diffraction with grazing incidence, equipped with a high temperature device, allows an in situ study of the -Fe2O3 formation even the initial reactions. The formation of -Fe2O3 was studied in isothermal experiments at 400, 450, 500 and 550°C. -Fe2O3 could already be detected at the beginning of the experiments. The difference method, a numerical treatment for kinetic evaluation, yields curves showing the growth of the -Fe2O3 layer. Fitting the parabolic time law to these curves yields the rate constants. 相似文献
29.
Klaus-J. Engel 《Monatshefte für Mathematik》1995,119(4):259-265
In this note we prove some results on the m-accretivity of sums and products of linear operators. In particular we obtain the following theorem: LetA, B be two m-accretive operators on a reflexive Banach space. IfA is invertible and (A)–1
B is accretive thenBA
–1 andA+B are m-accretive. 相似文献
30.
Under the assumptions thatq is not a root of unity and that the differentialsdu
j
i
of the matrix entries span the left module of first order forms, we classify bicovariant differential calculi on quantum groupsA
n–1
,B
n
,C
n
andD
n
. We prove that apart one dimensional differential calculi and from finitely many values ofq, there are precisely2n such calculi on the quantum groupA
n–1
=SL
q
(n) forn3. All these calculi have the dimensionn
2. For the quantum groupsB
n
,C
n
andD
n
we show that except for finitely manyq there exist precisely twoN
2-dimensional bicovariant calculi forN3, whereN=2n+1 forB
n
andN=2n forC
n
,D
n
. The structure of these calculi is explicitly described and the corresponding ad-invariant right ideals of ker are determined. In the limitq1 two of the 2n calculi forA
n–1
and one of the two calculi forB
n
,C
n
andD
n
contain the ordinary classical differential calculus on the corresponding Lie group as a quotient. 相似文献